Mapping autism risk loci using genetic linkage and chromosomal rearrangements

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are common, heritable neurodevelopmental conditions. The genetic architecture of ASDs is complex, requiring large samples to overcome heterogeneity. Here we broaden coverage and sample size relative to other studies of ASDs by using Affymetrix 10K SNP arrays and 1,181 [corrected] families with at least two affected individuals, performing the largest linkage scan to date while also analyzing copy number variation in these families. Linkage and copy number variation analyses implicate chromosome 11p12-p13 and neurexins, respectively, among other candidate loci. Neurexins team with previously implicated neuroligins for glutamatergic synaptogenesis, highlighting glutamate-related genes as promising candidates for contributing to ASDs.     

自适应语音压缩感知方法

针对固定正交基下语音信号稀疏化程度低、适应性差的问题,提出了一种自适应的语音稀疏化方法,并将其应用到语音压缩感知理论中.该方法首先采用线性预测系数的加权线性组合对语音信号进行线性预测,并以线性预测残差基作为信号基.然后,按照稀疏约束条件训练出稀疏表示的过完备字典,并交替应用1-范数稀疏约束的追踪和奇异值分解算法,达到字典与稀疏系数同步更新.该方法从信号特征入手,学习并提取特征或纹理信息,能较好地实现语音信号的稀疏化,提高语音压缩感知的重构性能.实验结果显示,与其他正交基方法相比,该方法的语音稀疏化程度高.语音质量的主客观评价结果显示,该方法具有良好的重构性能.     

Widespread amphibian extinctions from epidemic disease driven by global warming

As the Earth warms, many species are likely to disappear, often because of changing disease dynamics. Here we show that a recent mass extinction associated with pathogen outbreaks is tied to global warming. Seventeen years ago, in the mountains of Costa Rica, the Monteverde harlequin frog (Atelopus sp.) vanished along with the golden toad (Bufo periglenes). An estimated 67% of the 110 or so species of Atelopus, which are endemic to the American tropics, have met the same fate, and a pathogenic chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) is implicated. Analysing the timing of losses in relation to changes in sea surface and air temperatures, we conclude with 'very high confidence' (> 99%, following the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC) that large-scale warming is a key factor in the disappearances. We propose that temperatures at many highland localities are shifting towards the growth optimum of Batrachochytrium, thus encouraging outbreaks. With climate change promoting infectious disease and eroding biodiversity, the urgency of reducing greenhouse-gas concentrations is now undeniable.     

十八烷基取代聚噻吩(Pat18)在室温下和液氮中的电致发光特性

报道了一种聚噻吩类导电聚合物 Pat1 8的光、电性能及以该材料作发光层制作的有机发光二极管在常温下和液氮 (- 2 0 0℃ )中的电致发光特性。     

新型钢包的温度场及其影响因素模拟分析

以具有纳米保温材料内衬的新型钢包为研究对象,通过建立三维有限元模型,运用ANSYS软件分析该种新型钢包与传统钢包在烤包和盛钢两种工况下的温度分布,并研究纳米绝热材料的导热系数对新型钢包温度场的影响。结果表明,在两种工况下新型钢包的温度分布均优于传统钢包,新型钢包包壳的最高温度明显低于传统钢包包壳的最高温度,新型钢包的保温隔热性能比传统钢包更加优良;在一定范围内,新型钢包包壳的温度随纳米材料导热系数的降低而不断下降,当纳米材料导热系数降低80%时,新型钢包包壳的温度分布更加均匀,包壳的最高温度降幅最大,新型钢包的热量损失更小,其保温性能得到明显提升。     

山西省地质遗迹资源及保护问题研究

山西省地质遗迹资源丰富，涵盖六大类型．典型的区域地质背景和特殊的自然环境条件造就其鲜明的特色．但目前保护利用中存在很多问题，其中遗迹破坏严重、资源利用率与资源占有量不协调等问题尤为突出．文章本着“积极保护，合理开发”的原则，提出一些现实可行的保护建议，旨在实现山西地质遗迹的可持续发展．     

Enhancement of virus growth produced by thiols and disulphides.

Several thiols and disulphides have been found able both to shorten the latency phase and to increase the growth of several virus strains in cell cultures.     

改进的神经网络在路面结构参数设计中的应用

针对常规的路面模量反算算法复杂、运算速度慢的问题,为了克服传统神经网络的不足,文章利用改进的神经网络技术,对路面参数进行分析和预测,采用工程实践中某段路面施工状况FWD测量数据参数作为数据样本,通过样本训练,优化了路面结构参数值,扩大了应用范围,具有较强的实用性。