Assembly and regulation of ASC specks

The inflammasome adapter ASC links activated inflammasome sensors to the effector molecule pro-caspase-1. Recruitment of pro-caspase-1 to ASC promotes the autocatalytic activation of caspase-1, which leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β. Upon triggering of inflammasome sensors, ASC assembles into large helical fibrils that interact with each other serving as a supramolecular signaling platform termed the ASC speck. Alternative splicing, post-translational modifications of ASC, as well as interaction with other proteins can perturb ASC function. In several inflammatory diseases, ASC specks can be found in the extracellular space and its presence correlates with poor prognosis. Here, we review the role of ASC in inflammation, and focus on the structural mechanisms that lead to ASC speck formation, the regulation of ASC function during inflammasome assembly, and the importance of ASC specks in disease.     

Profilin1 biology and its mutation,actin(g) in disease

Profilins were discovered in the 1970s and were extensively studied for their significant physiological roles. Profilin1 is the most prominent isoform and has drawn special attention due to its role in the cytoskeleton, cell signaling, and its link to conditions such as cancer and vascular hypertrophy. Recently, multiple mutations in the profilin1 gene were linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this review, we will discuss the physiological and pathological roles of profilin1. We will further highlight the cytoskeletal function and dysfunction caused by profilin1 dysregulation. Finally, we will discuss the implications of mutant profilin1 in various diseases with an emphasis on its contribution to the pathogenesis of ALS.     

基于热电制冷的液冷源系统设计

本文介绍了一种热电制冷的液冷源系统组成及其设计过程,阐述了应用热电制冷在小功率液冷源系统的设计思路。其控制精度高、可靠性高、体积小、重量轻等优点,使其具有一定的实用价值和推广意义。     

西部地区产业转移背景下高校毕业生就业路径选择研究——以陕西省为例

在当前西部地区产业转移的背景下,结合西部地区区域特点和"互联网+"发展的时代特征,通过分析近些年陕西省高校毕业生就业的基本情况,产生一个基本判断,即西部地区高校毕业生就业的路径选择应是逐步向非公、中小微型企业流动,特别是东部向西部转移的产业类的小企业中流动.为印证这一判断,本文运用马克思的有机构成理论和凯恩斯的有效需求理论对这一就业途径进行深入分析,并运用实证的方式加以验证和后续预测,明确该途径确实符合当前实际,应是缓解当前高校毕业生就业的重要途径.而在这一路径选择下,本文从承载适合西部发展的东部转移产业、夯实西部新区发展实现承载、以互联网金融等创新融资方式缓解中小微企业资金压力,同时承载地政府应积极履行责任,帮助转移企业的落地升级,并扶持青年创业等角度提出建议.     

高超声速飞行器输入受限模糊反演控制

针对吸气式高超声速飞行器控制中存在的执行机构受限问题,提出一种模糊反演控制设计策略。设计一种新的辅助系统分别对跟踪误差和控制律进行补偿,在物理执行机构受限时能够同时保证闭环系统及跟踪误差的有界性。在反演控制的设计框架下,引入模糊控制器逼近模型中的不确定项,提高控制系统的鲁棒性。为防止出现传统反演方法中存在的“微分膨胀”问题,引入滑模微分器对虚拟导数进行求解。最后,通过实例仿真验证所设计控制策略的有效性。     

一种含有中性指标的数据包络分析方法

在应用数据包络分析方法进行评价时,要求所有指标必须具有偏好性,即所有指标必须越大越好或者越小越好.然而,当评价指标体系中含有中性(即没有偏好性)指标时,传统的数据包络分析方法则不能解决该类问题.因此,本文以经济效率与产业结构调整为背景,从系统性的角度出发提出了一种用于评价含有中性指标的数据包络分析模型.该模型不仅能给出一个经济系统的效率大小,而且还能给出该系统应如何通过产业结构调整来提高经济系统的效率.最后,应用本文提出的方法分析了天津市经济结构调整的有效性问题.     

基于SD-SEM模型的消费者食品安全风险感知的信息搜寻行为

本文利用系统动力学模型和结构方程模型来研究消费者食品安全风险感知和消费者信息搜寻行为之间的关系,在总结消费者食品安全风险感知和消费者食品安全信息搜寻行为研究文献的基础上,利用结构方程确定消费者食品安全风险感知的影响因素及其之间的路径系数,进而建立系统动力学模型模拟信息搜寻行为对消费者食品安全风险感知的影响,以提出降低消费者食品安全风险感知的建议.     

高速铁路路堤传递地基差异沉降特性及控制限值研究

为研究高速铁路地基差异沉降在路堤中的传递扩散特性,运用有限元方法,分析了路基在小变形条件下地基差异沉降与路基面不均匀变形的映射关系,并在得到土工离心模型试验校正的基础上,讨论了地基差异沉降模式、路堤高度等因素对路基面不均匀变形的影响规律.研究表明:地基差异沉降在路堤中的扩散程度随地基差异沉降渐变段长度与路堤高度比值的增大而减小,比值大于3~5以后,地基差异沉降与路基面不均匀变形具有良好的一致性;路基面不均匀变形与地基差异沉降呈正相关性,并随路堤高度、地基差异沉降渐变段长度的增加而减小;基于路基面不均匀变形限值提出了地基差异沉降控制标准,丰富了高速铁路路基沉降变形控制技术指标体系.     

The pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis

Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by net accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in the cardiac interstitium, and contributes to both systolic and diastolic dysfunction in many cardiac pathophysiologic conditions. This review discusses the cellular effectors and molecular pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. Although activated myofibroblasts are the main effector cells in the fibrotic heart, monocytes/macrophages, lymphocytes, mast cells, vascular cells and cardiomyocytes may also contribute to the fibrotic response by secreting key fibrogenic mediators. Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, reactive oxygen species, mast cell-derived proteases, endothelin-1, the renin/angiotensin/aldosterone system, matricellular proteins, and growth factors (such as TGF-β and PDGF) are some of the best-studied mediators implicated in cardiac fibrosis. Both experimental and clinical evidence suggests that cardiac fibrotic alterations may be reversible. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for initiation, progression, and resolution of cardiac fibrosis is crucial to design anti-fibrotic treatment strategies for patients with heart disease.     

上市公司期权激励公告的市场反应研究

在回顾期权激励相关研究的基础上,利用事件研究法对《上市公司股权激励管理办法》实施以来我国上市公司期权激励公告的市场反应进行了研究,并检验了不同市场对期权激励公告的反应是否相同.研究表明,市场对期权激励公告持积极态度,公告公司股票能获得比非公告公司股票更高的累积超额收益,且不同市场股票的CAR没有差异.