《分析化学》课程理论与实践教学方法探析

《分析化学》是化学和化工专业的一门基础课，包括理论教学和实践教学两大环节。在理论教学环节，应采用互动式、启发式教学法，努力提高教学效果；要精心组织习题讨论，提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力；要与职业资格证书考试相结合，使学生将来能够持证上岗；要探索多样化的考核方式，全面、科学地评价学生的综合素质和创新能力。在实践教学环节，应正确引导，改变学生重理论轻实验的观念；开展多层次实验教学，提高学生的动手能力，使所学知识融会贯通；要鼓励学生参加教师的科研活动，培养他们的综合能力和初步的科研素质。     

数据仓库技术在Intranet中的应用

提出了一种新的数据仓库技术,讨论了目前业已建立的数据仓库存在的局限性,并提出建立基于Intranet的数据仓库的重要意义,阐明了这种技术体系的结构、优点和发展趋势。     

Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression is related to angiogenesis,bcl—2 and cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma

In this study,we examined the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) by immunohistochemical staining in 76 tissue sections collected from bepa-tocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients undergoing hepatectomy.Microvascular density (MVD) was determined by counting endothelial cells immunostained using anti-CD34 antibody.We performed DNA-flow cytometric analyses to elucidate the impact of iNOS and VEGF expression on the cell cycle of HCC.Most of the HCC cells that invaded stroma were markedly immunostained by iNOS antibody.The iNOS stain intensity of the liv-er tissue close to the tumor edge was stronger than that of HCC tissue,and the strongest was the hepatocytes colser to the tumor tissue.However,iNOS expression in 10 normal hepatic samples was undetectable.VEGF positive expression ratio was 84.8% in iNOS positive expression cases,and the ratio was 35.3% in negative cases.There was significant correlation(P=0.000) between iNOS and VEGF expression.Moreover,iNOS expression was significantly associated with bcl-2 and MVD,but without p53 expression.DNA-flow cytometric analyses showed that combined expression of iNOS and VEGF had significant impact on the cell cycle in HCC.PI(Proliferating Index) and SPF(S-phase fraction)in the combined positive expression of iNOS and VEGF group was significantly higher than that in the combined negative group.The present findings suggested that iNOS expression was significantly associated with angiogenesis,bcl-2 and cell proliferation of HCC.     

Determination of cell volume during equilibrium freezing process

A new type electronic particle counter (EPC, Multisizer^TM 3, Beckman Coulter Inc., USA) was used to determine the volumes of human red blood cells (RBCs) in NaCl solutions of different osmolalities. The thermodynamics model describing cell response during freezing process was used to simulate the volume change of RBC in 0.9% NaCl solution during equilibrium freezing process. It was assumed that the effect of temperature on cell volume can be neglected compared to that of osmolality, then by using the phase diagram for the binary system sodium chloride/water, the osmolalities of the NaCl solution under different sub-zero temperatures can be obtained (converted from mass concentration), then the calculated values of RBC volumes can be validated by the experiments.     

A novel theoretical model for mass transfer of hollow fiber hemodialyzers

A novel theoretical model for mass transfer of hollow fiber bundles in hemodialyzers is presented. In the model, a hemodialyzer is considered as a porous zone which is composed of two non-interpenetrating porous flow zones.Firstly, the dialysate side (shell side) is thought as a porous medium zone. Then by solidifying the dialysate flow zone and the occupied zone by hollow fiber membrane, the rest zone of bemodialyzer (i.e. blood side or lumen side) is considered as a porous medium zone too. Finally, the interface of the two flow zones is the fiber membrane through which mass transfer is performed. The dialysate and blood flows are all described by Navier-Stokes equations with Darcy momentum source terms. Kedem-Katchaisky equations as other source terms are added into Navier-Stokes equations to simulate the permeating flux through the membrane. All equations must be coupled together in the process of computing. The model is validated by the experimental data in literature. The simulative results show that the predicted clearances agree well with the experimental data, and the model in this paper is better than other models for the forecast of clearance.     

Turning on and off recurrent balanced cortical activity

The vast majority of synaptic connections onto neurons in the cerebral cortex arise from other cortical neurons, both excitatory and inhibitory, forming local and distant 'recurrent' networks. Although this is a basic theme of cortical organization, its study has been limited largely to theoretical investigations, which predict that local recurrent networks show a proportionality or balance between recurrent excitation and inhibition, allowing the generation of stable periods of activity. This recurrent activity might underlie such diverse operations as short-term memory, the modulation of neuronal excitability with attention, and the generation of spontaneous activity during sleep. Here we show that local cortical circuits do indeed operate through a proportional balance of excitation and inhibition generated through local recurrent connections, and that the operation of such circuits can generate self-sustaining activity that can be turned on and off by synaptic inputs. These results confirm the long-hypothesized role of recurrent activity as a basic operation of the cerebral cortex.     

Ligand-receptor binding revealed by the TNF family member TALL-1

The tumour necrosis factor (TNF) ligand TALL-1 and its cognate receptors, BCMA, TACI and BAFF-R, were recently identified as members of the TNF superfamily, which are essential factors contributing to B-cell maturation. The functional, soluble fragment of TALL-1 (sTALL-1) forms a virus-like assembly for its proper function. Here we determine the crystal structures of sTALL-1 complexed with the extracellular domains of BCMA and BAFF-R at 2.6 and 2.5 A, respectively. The single cysteine-rich domain of BCMA and BAFF-R both have saddle-like architectures, which sit on the horseback-like surface formed by four coil regions on each individual sTALL-1 monomer. Three novel structural modules, D2, X2 and N, were revealed from the current structures. Sequence alignments, structural modelling and mutagenesis revealed that one disulphide bridge in BAFF-R is critical for determining the binding specificity of the extracellular domain eBAFF-R to TALL-1 instead of APRIL, a closely related ligand of TALL-1, which was confirmed by binding experiments in vitro.     

非最小相位直升机悬停的鲁棒控制

研究直升机悬停状态时其动力学模型非最小相位且不稳定特性的设计问题,对于此类系统,一般的反馈设计方法可能使系统性能对参数的变化过于敏感,为此采用“平衡”设计方法得到具有鲁棒性的控制器,并通过对实例直升机悬停控制系统的设计,给出了具体的设计方法,通过仿真表明了该方法的有效性。     

硅酸铝短纤维增强铝硅合金复合材料的强度特性与界面结构

用挤压铸造法制备硅酸铝短纤维（Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＳｉＯ２）增强铝硅（ＡｌＳｉ）合金复合材料,测试了复合材料的室温及高温强度,并利用透射电镜观察了Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＳｉＯ２纤维与ＡｌＳｉ合金基体界面．结果表明：３％～１０％的硅酸铝短纤维的加入使复合材料的室温及高温强度大大提高,在硅酸铝纤维与基体界面上存在两种反应物：一种物质是ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４,另一种物质含有Ｓｉ和Ｐ,且二者原子之比为３∶４,呈正交结构,点阵常数为ａ＝０．７１４ｎｍ,ｂ＝１．４２８ｎｍ,ｃ＝２．４０９ｎｍ．     

二溴三苯基锑三溴苯酚衍生物的合成与性能研究

研究了新型有机锑阻燃剂─—二溴三本基锑三谈苯酚衍生物的合成方法,并将其应用于聚乙烯材料获得良好的阻燃效果,每100份树脂（质量）添加10份时,氧指数从18.5提高到26．5,且对聚乙烯的弯曲强度和冲击强度无不良影响。