基于混沌-量子粒子群的分簇路由算法

针对粒子群分簇路由优化算法存在的收敛速度慢、 易陷入局部最优等问题, 提出一种混沌-量子粒子群 的双子粒子群分簇路由算法。 该算法以簇头的能量、 簇头与汇聚节点的距离以及与簇内成员节点的距离构造 最优簇头的代价函数, 主粒子群利用混沌粒子群寻优, 辅粒子群利用量子粒子群寻优, 加入量子波动理论, 使 算法具有较好的全局收敛性。 双子粒子群采用收敛速度快的凹函数递减策略优化权重。 仿真结果验证了该算 法可使无线传感网络节点能量消耗均衡化, 显著延长网络生命周期, 与 LEACH(Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy)协议、 PSO-C(Cluster setup using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm)协议相比生命周期分别延长了 80. 1%和 41. 4%。     

基于远洋渔船作业场景的机会网络移动模型

在分析现有移动模型性能的基础上,针对远洋渔船机会网络中节点运动作业时的特点,提出了一种符合远洋渔船移动特征的平滑转弯半马尔科夫移动模型(Smooth Turn Semi-Markov Smooth Mobility Model,简称STSMS模型).从节点运动方程和平均稳态速率两方面进行了理论分析,并对节点运动轨迹和平均稳态速率进行了仿真验证.仿真结果表明,构建的STSMS模型能较好地反映节点的运动特点,并具有速率不随时间延长发生衰减的特性,适用于远洋渔船机会网络的模拟仿真.     

石墨烯复合材料在警车防弹防护方面的研究

研究警车高性能防弹防护材料应用技术,尝试采用石墨烯改性的方式对陶瓷及铝合金的强度、韧性性能进行了改性提升,利用石墨烯改性材料制备了复合防弹板,并进行了实弹射击试验,研究了防弹警车应用可行性.试验结果表明,石墨烯改性可以有效提高陶瓷的断裂韧度,以及铝合金的强度及弹性模量.经53式7.62 mm穿甲弹三次射击,靶板无穿透,用石墨烯改性陶瓷制备的防弹装甲板,可有效降低材料密度,大幅度提高防弹性能,对车辆防弹性能及轻量化技术研究具有一定的参考价值.     

基于ADRC的经济增长分析

中国经济目前位于高储蓄、低消费的发展路径,如何安排合适的经济转型路径,使得经济走向长期最优均衡,具有重要的现实意义.然而,由于经济系统的复杂性,人们很难运用基于受控对象精确信息的控制方法来设计合理的增长路径.自抗扰控制(ADRC)是一种独立于模型的误差反馈控制方法,其自然地反映了理性人的决策思维.本文首先对比了当经济增长模型的均衡解存在显示表达式时,运用ADRC与最优控制这两种不同方法所取得的控制效果.研究表明,ADRC有助于合理安排经济发展路径以降低效用损失.如果再考虑到经济周期、技术进步等因素对经济带来的影响,此时通过最优控制方法就只能获得均衡解的稳态值.本文以稳态资本存量作为参考目标,运用ADRC对此进行分析.结果表明,ADRC仍然可以给出较优的经济发展路径,使得经济在"稳与快"间保持平衡,引导经济走向长期稳态均衡.     

基于改进滤波器和图像多尺度变换的背景抑制算法

红外目标的探测背景具有复杂性和非平稳性,为提高后续检测性能,常常通过抑制背景来增强目标能量。针对传统背景抑制方法检测率低、虚警率高的问题,提出一种基于改进滤波器和图像多尺度变换的复杂背景抑制算法。首先,对红外图像进行改进的滤波处理获得预处理图像。其次,通过高斯金字塔多分辨技术,平滑图像背景。然后,采用Cubic插值算法提高图像的分辨率,得到背景估计图像。最后,将预处理图像和背景估计图像差分,获得背景抑制的结果。经验证,该算法实时性相对传统方法提高了19%,对于多种复杂的背景情况具有良好的适应性。同时，算法计算复杂度较低,有利于实现实时性工程应用。     

雷锋精神与现代社会价值共构

雷锋精神是一个真善美的价值实践表达，雷锋精神永不过时。雷锋精神是时代气质的集中反映和高度体现，是实现中国梦的价值支撑和精神基石。雷锋是中国的，雷锋精神将会是走向世界的普世价值。弘扬雷锋精神对现时代的道德伦理价值取向、政治价值认同、文化精神皈依、市场化背景下的社会价值引导具有重要意义。雷锋精神的本质是为民，表征着我党的政治本色，“敢不敢扶起”跌倒的老人成为敢不敢扶起社会正义与良心的价值隐喻。     

多缓冲机制下ADPCM解码算法适应性研究

文章对不同缓冲机制下ADPCM解码算法的运行条件进行了分析与对比,利用最小二乘法,提出关于ADPCM解码函数输入数据量与函数输入缓冲区长度的条件关系式,量化了不同缓冲机制对算法适应性的影响;针对实验环境的特点,改进了IMA ADPCM解码算法.研究结果表明,采用多缓冲机制能显著提高ADPCM算法的适应性;改进后的解码算法效率较原算法提高约75%.     

A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs

We describe the Phase II HapMap, which characterizes over 3.1 million human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 270 individuals from four geographically diverse populations and includes 25-35% of common SNP variation in the populations surveyed. The map is estimated to capture untyped common variation with an average maximum r2 of between 0.9 and 0.96 depending on population. We demonstrate that the current generation of commercial genome-wide genotyping products captures common Phase II SNPs with an average maximum r2 of up to 0.8 in African and up to 0.95 in non-African populations, and that potential gains in power in association studies can be obtained through imputation. These data also reveal novel aspects of the structure of linkage disequilibrium. We show that 10-30% of pairs of individuals within a population share at least one region of extended genetic identity arising from recent ancestry and that up to 1% of all common variants are untaggable, primarily because they lie within recombination hotspots. We show that recombination rates vary systematically around genes and between genes of different function. Finally, we demonstrate increased differentiation at non-synonymous, compared to synonymous, SNPs, resulting from systematic differences in the strength or efficacy of natural selection between populations.     

Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations

With the advent of dense maps of human genetic variation, it is now possible to detect positive natural selection across the human genome. Here we report an analysis of over 3 million polymorphisms from the International HapMap Project Phase 2 (HapMap2). We used 'long-range haplotype' methods, which were developed to identify alleles segregating in a population that have undergone recent selection, and we also developed new methods that are based on cross-population comparisons to discover alleles that have swept to near-fixation within a population. The analysis reveals more than 300 strong candidate regions. Focusing on the strongest 22 regions, we develop a heuristic for scrutinizing these regions to identify candidate targets of selection. In a complementary analysis, we identify 26 non-synonymous, coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms showing regional evidence of positive selection. Examination of these candidates highlights three cases in which two genes in a common biological process have apparently undergone positive selection in the same population:LARGE and DMD, both related to infection by the Lassa virus, in West Africa;SLC24A5 and SLC45A2, both involved in skin pigmentation, in Europe; and EDAR and EDA2R, both involved in development of hair follicles, in Asia.