Theoretical model of particle orientation distribution function in a cylindrical particle suspension subject to turbulent shear flow

The equation for the orientation probability function of slender cylindrical particles suspended in planar turbulent flows was investigated. After ensemble averaging, the equations for the mean and fluctuating probability function were derived. The equation for the fluctuating probability function appearing in the equation of mean probability function was solved by using the method of characteristics analysis. The orientational dispersion terms due to the random motion of cylindrical particles in the equation of mean probability function are related to the mean probability function and the Lagrangian fluid velocity correlations. The evolution of the mean probability function was described by a modified orientation?space?convection equation, where the dispersion terms account for the randomizing effect of the turbulence.     

Improving reflectance estimation by BRDF-consistent region clustering

Previous studies in reflectance estimation generally require prior segmentation of an image into regions of uniform reflectance. Due to the measurement noise and limited sampling of the BRDF (bi-directional reflectance function) directions, such estimated results of reflectance are not accurate. In this paper, we propose a novel method for reducing uncertainty in reflectance estimates by merging image regions which have consistent reflectance observations. Each image region acts as a reflectance subspace, so merging of the image regions can result in subspace reduction. We propose a Bayesian segmentation framework to decrease the reflectance uncertainty by using novel merging criteria. Finally, a maximum likelihood reflectance estimation is made for each resulting image region. Experimental results verify the feasibility and superiority of this reflectance-oriented region merging method.     

A new frequency scale of Chinese whispered speech in the application of speaker identification

In this paper, the frequency characteristics of Chinese whispered speech were investigated by a filter bank analysis. It was shown that the first and the third formants were more important than the other formants in the speaker identification of Chinese whispered speech. The experiment showed that the 800?1200 Hz and 2800?3200 Hz ranges were the most significant frequency ranges in discriminating the speaker. Based on this result, a new feature scale named whisper sensitive scale (WSS) was proposed to replace the common scale, Mel scale, and to extract the cepstral coefficient from whispered speech signal. Furthermore, a speaker identification system in whispered speech was presented based on the modified Hidden Markov Models integrating advantages of WSCC (the whisper sensitive cepstral coefficient) and LPCC. And the new system performed better in solving the problem of speaker identification of Chinese whispered speech than the traditional method.     

Parameterization for fitting triangular mesh

In recent years, with the development of 3D data acquisition equipments, the study on reverse engineering has become more and more important. However, the existing methods for parameterization can hardly ensure that the parametric domain is rectangular, and the parametric curve grid is regular. In order to overcome these limitations, we present a novel method for parameterization of triangular meshes in this paper. The basic idea is twofold: first, because the isotherms in the steady temperature do not intersect with each other, and are distributed uniformly, no singularity (fold-over) exists in the parameterization; second, a 3D harmonic equation is solved by the finite element method to obtain the steady temperature field on a 2D triangular mesh surface with four boundaries. Therefore, our proposed method avoids the embarrassment that it is impossible to solve the 2D quasi-harmonic equation on the 2D triangular mesh without the parametric values at mesh vertices. Furthermore, the isotherms on the temperature field are taken as a set of iso-parametric curves on the triangular mesh surface. The other set of iso-parametric curves can be obtained by connecting the points with the same chord-length on the isotherms sequentially. The obtained parametric curve grid is regular, and distributed uniformly, and can map the triangular mesh surface to the unit square domain with boundaries of mesh surface to boundaries of parametric domain, which ensures that the triangular mesh surface or point cloud can be fitted with the NURBS surface.     

河流相储集层夹层的三维空间分布研究

以钻井、测井资料以及7口取心井的分析化验、试油、试采和生产动态分析资料为基础，在地质条件约束下，建立了适合孤岛油田中一区Ng5段的测井解释模型，解释了有资料的762口井共9种地质参数，以探索夹层分布与剩余油的关系，并按优选序贯指示模拟方法在研究区内建立了夹层三维空间分布模型。检验结果表明该模型具有较高的准确性和可信性。模型分析显示，Ng5段夹层分布范围广，其形态、分布规律复杂，厚度变化大，平均厚度为0．61m，延伸距离为50-180m，分布面积一般为0．01～0.1km^2。夹层分布密度为0.11～0．63，分布频率为0．52～1．24层／m，单夹层厚度分布为0．4～5．5m，储层非均质性较强。研究还表明，在10—413，8-309，9-10和7-9等井区均有夹层连片分布，这些井区是剩余油富集的有利地区。     

九孔鲍血细胞的研究

采用May Grunwald-Giemsa染色法研究九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor supertexa)血细胞的显微结构,根据细胞大小和核质比将九孔鲍血细胞分为3类:大细胞、中等细胞和小细胞.血细胞密度为(8.32±4.76)×106/mL,大细胞、中等细胞和小细胞分别占血细胞总数的3.6%、91.7%和4.7%.透射电镜下血细胞可分为两类:颗粒细胞对应于光镜下的大细胞和中等细胞;无颗粒细胞对应于光镜下的小细胞.用细胞化学的方法证明九孔鲍血细胞中含有多糖、酸性磷酸酶、非特异性酯酶和过氧化物酶,它们的阳性率分别为57.3%、95.2%、86.3%、6.7%;但是根据血细胞的这几种成分不能区分血细胞的类型.     

以聚酰胺-胺树形分子为模板剂Cu原子簇的制备与表征

以4代端胺基的聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树形分子为模板剂,羟胺为还原剂,在空气中得到了分散性好、尺寸分布均匀(粒径为4～5 nm左右)、结构和性能稳定的Cu原子簇.同时,探讨了溶液的pH值对粒子的半径及分散状况的影响.     

水库小流域环境治理的探索与实践——开县三峡库区消落带环境治理调研

位于三峡水库腹心地段的小江支流上游的开县,水库消落区面积约占三峡库区消落区总面积的15%,而且三面包围新县城,情况极其特殊。特别在夏季,水库水位下调时,由于水库淹没地带地势平坦,水流流速缓慢,水位下降后库内各种污染物很容易停留在库岸的消落区内,在高温中极有可能产生异臭,滋生病菌、寄生虫和蚊蝇,导致流行病发生。为治理消落区的环境问题,2006年4月,开县正式启动了"水位调节坝工程",以"筑坝蓄水"(即以"湖区"取代"消落区")的方式治理开县消落区的环境问题。本文就开县"湖区"水环境的保护问题进行了重点分析。     

膜生物反应器处理洗车废水中操作压力及环境因素对膜过滤性能的影响

通过膜生物反应器(MBR)处理某车辆厂洗车废水的实验研究,结合理论计算,分析了操作压力及环境因素对膜过滤性能的影响.研究结果表明,在低压区,膜本身阻力占主导地位,它与操作条件无关;在中压区,浓差极化阻力占主导地位,它与其他操作条件关系密切;在高压区,凝胶层阻力占主导地位,操作压力增加对膜通量影响不大,在此阶段膜分离特性还与污泥浓度、膜面流速等操作条件有关.所以,采用膜反应器处理洗车废水,在MBR中存在一个临界压力,当操作压力高于临界压力时,膜通量随操作压力变化不大,而膜表面污染却明显加剧.因而设计膜生物反应器时,操作压力是一个重要的参数.此外.还研究了温度、pH值、水力停留时间等环境影响因素对膜过滤性能的影响.     

基础教育阶段应大力开展职业生涯教育

根据我国职业生涯教育的现状,大部分学生对职业生涯规划的认识模糊,规划不科学,学校和政府提供的教育指导不尽完善.要从根本上解决这种问题,就要在基础教育阶段开展职业生涯教育,从小培养学生自主选择职业的意识,科学地规划今后的职业生涯.