Effect of equal channel angular pressing on aging treatment of Al-7075 alloy

The effect of aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of equal channel angular pressed Al-7075 alloy was examined.Commercial Al-7075 alloy in the solid solution heat-treated condition was processed by equal channel angular pressing through route BCat both the room temperature and 120 1C. Only three passes of equal channel angular pressing was possible due to the low ductility of the alloy at both temperatures. Followed by equal channel angular pressing, the specimens have been aged at 120 1C for different aging times. Mechanical properties were measured by Vickers microhardness and tensile tests and microstructural observations were undertaken using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer as well as optical microscopy. Microstructural investigations showed that ultrafine-grained materials with grain size in the range of 200–350 nm and 300–500 nm could be obtained after three passes of equal channel angular pressing at room temperature and 120 1C, respectively. Equal channel angular pressing of solid solution heat-treated Al-7075 alloy accelerates precipitation rate and subsequently leads to a significant decrease in aging time to attain maximum mechanical properties. Furthermore, it is possible to achieve maximum mechanical properties during equal channel angular pressing at 120 1C as a result of dynamic aging and formation of small η′ phase.     

Vertically aligned ZnO nanorods on porous silicon substrates: Effect of growth time

Vertically aligned ZnO nanorods were successfully grown on porous silicon(PS) substrates by chemical bath deposition at a low temperature.X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and photoluminescence(PL)analyses were carried out to investigate the effect of growth duration(2 h to 8 h) on the optical and structural properties of the aligned ZnO nanorods. Strong and sharp ZnO(0 0 2) peaks of the ZnO nanorods proved that the aligned ZnO nanorods were preferentially fabricated along the c-axis of the hexagonal wurtzite structure. FESEM images demonstrated that the Zn O nanorod arrays were well aligned along the c-axis and perpendicular to the PS substrates regardless of the growth duration. The TEM image showed that the top surfaces of the ZnO nanorods were round with a smooth curvature. PL spectra demonstrated that the ZnO nanorods grown for 5 h exhibited the sharpest and most intense PL peaks within the ultraviolet range among all samples.     

Design of optimum solid oxide membrane electrolysis cells for metals production

Oxide to metal conversion is one of the most energy-intensive steps in the value chain for metals production. Solid oxide membrane (SOM) electrolysis process provides a general route for directly reducing various metal oxides to their respective metals, alloys, or intermetallics. Because of its lower energy use and ability to use inert anode resulting in zero carbon emission, SOM electrolysis process emerges as a promising technology that can replace the state-of-the-art metals production processes. In this paper, a careful study of the SOM electrolysis process using equivalent DC circuit modeling is performed and correlated to the experimental results. A discussion on relative importance of each resistive element in the circuit and on possible ways of lowering the rate-limiting resistive elements provides a generic guideline for designing optimum SOM electrolysis cells.     

MMC平均值模型在直流电网中的适用性分析

为了弥补原有AVM在仿真直流故障及换流器闭锁等方面精度不足的问题,研究了模块化多电平换流器(MMC)的平均值模型(AVM),在电压源换流器高压直流输电(VSC-HVDC)电网中的适用性.本文从MMC换流器拓扑的角度出发,提出了改进的AVM,采用MMC的电磁暂态(EMT)详细模型搭建的4端MMC型直流网络为基准,对比发现AVM有效的前提是MMC精确模型中的电容值足够大,以使得MMC中每个子模块(SM)的电容电压近似恒定.仿真证明:本文所提改进平均值模型能够精确仿真直流故障时换流器闭锁等工况,对MMC建模有着重要的工程指导意义.     

变化环境下乌伦古河径流序列变异特征诊断

研究变化环境下干旱区内陆河流以径流为主要指征的水文循环过程及其变化,对于认知水文机理,应对径流变化意义重大。选取乌伦古河二台水文站1959~2015年57年长系列实测月径流资料,采用年内分配完全调节系数C_r、年内分配不均匀系数C_n、相对变化幅度Cm、集中度Cd、集中期D、年际(年代际)径流均值、最大流量、最小流量、年际极值比以及C_v等多指标,运用Mann-Kendall法、累积距平法、R/S法等多方法,在揭示叶尔羌河径流长期演变规律基础上,采用非线性分析方法——启发式分割算法进行径流序列的变异特征诊断,并进行归因分析。结果显示:(1)乌伦古河径流受冰川融水影响年内分布呈"单峰型",主要集中于夏季5~8月,占年径流总量的70%,反映年内分配特征的各指标,如C_r、C_n、C_m、C_d和D,均呈下降趋势,特别是进入2000年后下降趋势较为明显,其中,C_r、C_d和D指标下降趋势显著,表明径流序列年内分配特征趋于均匀化;(2)乌伦古河径流序列年际变化趋势呈减少趋势,减少趋势不显著,且呈负持续性(Hurst=0.35),具有两个明显的丰枯交替周期,即1961~1973年及1974~1994年;(3)针对传统检验方法——Mann-Kendall法诊断乌伦古河二台站长系列(1959~2015年)径流突变点时出现多个虚假变异点的缺陷,采用非线性方法——启发式分割算法(BG法)诊断乌伦古河二台水文站长系列(1959~2015年)径流序列变异点,得出乌伦古河径流序列变异点为1962年。成果有助于了解变化环境下流域尺度的水文过程演变和水文响应规律,指导流域水资源规划与管理。     

高原公路纵断面线形与驾驶员脑电特性的试验分析

为了解驾驶员在高原公路行车时,其脑电特性与纵断面线形的关系,探究适宜的公路线形,选在帕米尔高原G314国道进行驾驶试验。通过对比经过181个变坡点附近受测驾驶员脑电(EEG)的变化特征,选取脑电α频段与β频段的平均功率比R作为评价驾驶员心理紧张度的脑电特性指标,定量分析R随海拔、竖曲线半径r、坡差ω的变化规律;同时建立关系模型。研究表明:R与海拔、竖曲线半径、坡差之间的相关性均较强;R与海拔、绝对坡差呈正相关,与r呈负相关。表明海拔的升高,绝对坡差的增大,竖曲线半径的减小,对驾驶活动是不利的,驾驶员的生理不适状况会随之逐渐增加,疲劳感逐渐增强。     

“PCAD2000——泵水力设计与绘型软件的研究与开发”项目通过鉴定

“PCAD2000——泵水力设计与绘型软件的研究与开发”项目是原国家机械工业部科技计划项目，已由我校流体中心完成，并于2000年11月19日通过省科技厅组织的鉴定.该项目系统完整，包括离心泵系列、混流泵系列、无堵塞泵系列和轴流泵系列的各种形式的叶轮、导叶和泵体等15个水力设计与绘型模块.其中无堵塞泵(螺旋离心泵、单流道泵和双流道泵)设计软件属国内外首创；诱导轮、空间导叶、双蜗壳和短叶片偏置等模块属国内首次开发. 该软件功能很强，不仅可以设计常规泵，还可以设计各种特殊形式泵的过流部件，有很高的实用性和较高的设计精度.借助该软件设计的泵均获了理想效果. 本软件问世十年来，目前日臻完善，已由大连市屏蔽电泵公司和长沙水泵厂等50多家泵厂采用或试用，对提高泵的设计水平，促进泵技术进步起了重要作用，经济和社会效益显著. 鉴定委员会认为该软件内容及功能在国内同类软件中处于领先水平. (科技处梁芝兰)     

汉网公司“高速无线互联网系统设备”通过验收

2月19日，东湖新技术开发区管委会在由我校华工科技总公司控股的武汉汉网公司召开了开发区第一个科技部科技型中小企业技术创新基金项目的实地验收评审会，汉网公司研制开发项目——“高速无线互联网系统设备”顺利通过实地验收，得到验收专家组的充分肯定. 汉网公司研制的“高速无线互联网系统设备”项目于1999年10月在东湖新技术开发区管委会主持和推荐下获得创新基金立项，并按立项要求按期完成，这也是开发区所属创新项目中首先通过验收的项目.该系统采用了汉网公司具有自主知识产权的PDMA关键技术，能以高速、无线漫游的方式同时提供语音、文字、图像、视频等不同类型的数据传输，能极大地满足社会经济生活越来越迫切的对互联网的需求.验收专家一致认为，该系统设备的研制成功，将对我国移动通信产业的发展起到重要的示范和推动作用.     

A Heuristic for the Job Scheduling Problem with a Common Due Window on Parallel and Non-Identical Machines

1. INTroDUCTIONThe emergence of JIT (Just in Time) management tee~gy opens up a recency research field for the jobscheduling and production managemellt. As its farther develOPment, the earnness-tardiness job schedulingproblem becomes a hot research point over y6ars. conference [1] gives a review on job scheduling problem withearnness and tardiness penalties. Reference [2] p~s another scheduling problem for minimizing the rangeof lateness on a single machine, and reference [3] giVes a he…     

Preface

正It is well known that the increases in atmospheric CO2and CH4(long-lived greenhouse gases;GHGs)owing to anthropogenic activity are the dominant processes driving global climate change.Space-based measurements of GHGs with high precision,resolution,and global coverage are urgently needed to characterize the geographic distribution of their sources and sinks,and to quantify their roles in the atmospheric CO2budget.Over the past 10 years,the European Space Agency(ESA),the National Aeronautics