西藏纳木错湖芯正构烷烃及其反映的8.4 ka以来的环境变化

采用索氏抽提法提取纳木错NMLC-1孔湖芯沉积物中的正构烷烃, 利用GC/MS进行了测试. 在已经建立的深度-年代曲线基础上, 通过分析正构烷烃的组成与含量, 结合TOC, TN和CaCO₃等环境代用指标, 重建了纳木错湖区约8.4 ka以来的环境变化历史. 结果表明: 约8.4~6.7 ka BP期间, 环境较温暖, 降水呈增加趋势, 末期变冷干. 约6.7~2.9 ka BP期间可分为两个亚期, 早期温暖湿润, 至6.0 ka BP左右达到环境最适宜期; 晚期温度波动降低, 陆生植被和沉水植物退化, 以3.0 ka BP左右的冷事件结束. 约2.9 ka BP~现在, 冷暖交替, 1.4 ka BP左右开始趋于干燥, 600~400 a BP间的降温体现了小冰期特征.     

泥石流危险性动量分区方法与应用

运用泥石流运动数值模拟和GIS相结合的方法模拟泥石流出山口后的运动全过程, 求得泥石流流速和流深分布, 确定泥石流过程中泛滥范围内任一点的最大动量, 建立了泥石流危险性动量分区模型Z = Khv. 根据考察和实验资料对委内瑞拉首都加拉加斯的Chacaito沟百年一遇泥石流运动过程进行了模拟, 利用动量分区方法划分出泥石流危险区.     

人行自助交通信号系统硬件模型的设计与实现

针对行人过路不方便且造成交通堵塞这一问题,阐述了人行自助交通信号系统硬件模型的设计与实现.     

高职计算机实验教学改革探索

为增强高职学生的实践能力和就业竞争力,针对高职计算机实验教学存在的教学效率偏低、教学方法单一、学生主体地位不突出等问题,给出具体改革措施,包括充分利用网络资源、加强实验教师队伍建设、创新实验内容和方法等.     

Respiration as the main determinant of carbon balance in European forests

Carbon exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere is one of the key processes that need to be assessed in the context of the Kyoto Protocol. Several studies suggest that the terrestrial biosphere is gaining carbon, but these estimates are obtained primarily by indirect methods, and the factors that control terrestrial carbon exchange, its magnitude and primary locations, are under debate. Here we present data of net ecosystem carbon exchange, collected between 1996 and 1998 from 15 European forests, which confirm that many European forest ecosystems act as carbon sinks. The annual carbon balances range from an uptake of 6.6 tonnes of carbon per hectare per year to a release of nearly 1 t C ha(-1) yr(-1), with a large variability between forests. The data show a significant increase of carbon uptake with decreasing latitude, whereas the gross primary production seems to be largely independent of latitude. Our observations indicate that, in general, ecosystem respiration determines net ecosystem carbon exchange. Also, for an accurate assessment of the carbon balance in a particular forest ecosystem, remote sensing of the normalized difference vegetation index or estimates based on forest inventories may not be sufficient.     

对象中间件技术及其发展趋势

指出了中间件是位于操作系统和应用软件之间的一类系统软件，它简化了分布式应用系统的开发．概述了中间件的含义，给出了中间件的一种分类方式，比较了现存的对象中间件模型，提出了对象中间件今后的发展方向及需要解决的关键问题．     

进水碳磷比对连续流反硝化除磷工艺脱氮除磷效果的影响

针对连续流双污泥反硝化除磷工艺,考察进水碳磷质量比(m(C)/m(P))对化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮和总磷(TP)去除效果的影响.系统进水COD和氨氮分别保持在250和45 mg/L左右,通过改变进水TP浓度来调整m(C)/m(P).实验结果表明:在m(C)/m(P)比分别为64.1,42.0,33.0和17.8的情况下,TP去除率分别为93.2％,92.0％,78.3％和65.8％,除磷效率明显降低.在m(C)/m(P)＞42.0的情况下,出水TP低于0.5 mg/L.随着m(C)/m(P)的降低,反硝化聚磷污泥释磷量和净聚磷量增加,净聚磷量分别为3.63,5.33,6.26和10.3mg/L.m(C)/m(P)减小有利于提高生物除磷系统的稳定性,但出水磷浓度会有所增加,可通过适当延长后置曝气池停留时间来降低出水磷浓度.m(C)/m(P)对COD的去除和脱氮的效果影响不大,COD去除率保持在85.6％～93.1％,氨氮的去除率大于93％.     

The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13

Chromosome 13 is the largest acrocentric human chromosome. It carries genes involved in cancer including the breast cancer type 2 (BRCA2) and retinoblastoma (RB1) genes, is frequently rearranged in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and contains the DAOA locus associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. We describe completion and analysis of 95.5 megabases (Mb) of sequence from chromosome 13, which contains 633 genes and 296 pseudogenes. We estimate that more than 95.4% of the protein-coding genes of this chromosome have been identified, on the basis of comparison with other vertebrate genome sequences. Additionally, 105 putative non-coding RNA genes were found. Chromosome 13 has one of the lowest gene densities (6.5 genes per Mb) among human chromosomes, and contains a central region of 38 Mb where the gene density drops to only 3.1 genes per Mb.