Antioxidant survey to assess antagonism to redox stress using a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic system

Using a prokaryote (Escherichia coli) and a metazoa-resembling eukaryote (Ochromonas danica), we surveyed antioxidants which might overcome redox stress imposed by menadione sodium bisulphite (MD) and buthionine sulphoximine (BSO). BSO oxidant stress was evident only inO. danica; MD oxidant stress was evident in both organisms. Glutathione, its precursors, e.g. cysteine, homocysteine, and 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid, and red blood cells, emerged as prime antioxidants for relieving BSO and MD oxidant stress. BSO and MD oxidant activity and antioxidant-annulling effect inO. danica were judged comparable to those found in animal cells whereas the resultsE. coli were not entirely equivalent. TheO. danica system emerged as a practical, rapid, and useful system for pinpointing oxidant stressors and antioxidants, and shows promise for studies with mammalian systems.     

(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate,a polyphenolic tea antioxidant,inhibits peroxynitritemediated formation of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine

Reaction with peroxynitrite at pH 7.4 and 37°C was found to increase the 8-oxodeoxyguanosine levels in calf thymus DNA 35-38-fold. This oxidation of deoxyguanosine, as well as the peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of tyrosine to 3-nitrotyrosine, was significantly inhibited by ascorbic acid, glutathione and (–)-epigallocatechin gallate, a polyphenolic antioxidant present in tea. For 50% inhibition of the oxidation of deoxyguanosine to 8-oxodeoxyguanosine, 1.1, 7.6 of 0.25 mM ascorbate, glutathione or (–)-epigallocatechin gallate, respectively, was required. For 50% inhibition of tyrosine nitration, the respective concentrations were 1.4, 4.6 or 0.11 mM. Thus, (–)-epigallocatechin gallate is a significantly better inhibitor of both reactions than either ascorbate or glutathione. Reaction of (–)-epigallocatechin gallate with peroxynitrite alone resulted in the formation of a number of products. Ultraviolet spectra of two of these suggest that the tea polyphenol and/or its oxidation products are nitrated by peroxynitrite.     

Butterflies and ants: The communicative domain

Associations with ants, termed myrmecophily, are widespread in the butterfly family Lycaenidae and range from mere co-existence to more or less specific mutualistic or even parasitic interactions. Secretions of specialized epidermal glands are crucial for mediating the interactions. Transfer of nutrients (carbohydrates, amino acids) from butterfly larvae to ants plays a major role, but manipulative communication with the help of odour signals is also involved. By means of myrmecophily, lycaenid butterflies largely escape ant predation, and certain species gain protection through attendant ants or achieve developmental benefits from ant-attendance. Benefits to the ants range from minimal to substantial food rewards. While most lycaenid species maintain facultative relationships with a variety of ant genera, highly specific and obligatory associations have convergently evolved in a number of butterfly lineages. As a corollary, communication systems are largely unspecific in the former, but may be highly specialized in the latter. The sophisticated communication between obligate myrmecophiles and their host ants is tightly connected with the evolutionary rise of specialized life-cycles and thus is a source of augmenting diversity within the butterflies.     

Concept of an extracellular regulation of muscular metabolic rate during heavy exercise in humans by psychophysiological feedback

Efferent motor signals to skeletal muscles concern not only the space/time pattern of motion, but also the setting of muscular performance and through this the control of the current metabolic rate. For an optimal adjustment of metabolic rate during heavy exercise — e.g. in athletic competitions — a feedback control system must exist, including a programmer that takes into consideration a finishing point (teleoanticipation). The presented experiments, using Borg's scale, indicate the existence and functioning of a system for optimal adjustment of performance during heavy exercise and the relevance of teleoanticipatory effects. Thus motor learning includes not only somatosensory control, but also metabolic control. With regard to migratory birds, such metabolic control would have to operate in the individual as well as in the migrating flock as a whole.     

中药熨剂生产工艺数学模型的建立

应用一次回归正交试验法 ,对影响中药熨剂生产工艺的主要因素—加热温度、醋酸的浓度及醋淬次数进行了考察 ,得出在设计条件下的回归方程 y=73.95+ 1 .95x1 - 1 .8x2 - 2 .8x1 x2 ,并以此为数学模型 ,对熨剂生产工艺的优化区进行有效地控制     

鲜鱼制品天然防腐剂的研究

采用几种不同的溶剂提取连翅中的抗菌有效成分。通过抑菌试验筛选出抗菌作用最强的制剂 ,然后通过对鲜鱼制品的保存试验和新鲜度的常规检测 ,证实该制剂能有效地抑制鱼制品的腐败 ,是鱼制品等食品的一种良好的天然防腐剂     

从高放废液中去除超铀元素的TRPO流程热实验

阐述了从高放废液中去除超铀元素的ＴＲＰＯ流程热实验。热实验是用真实动力堆的 高放液进行的，取得了很好的效果。超铀元素镅、镎、钚和铀的去污系数分别大于 ３ ０００，４ ０００， ９５０和 ７ ０００。 ＴＲＰＯ流程在去除超铀元素的同时，还能去除对放射性废物长期危害起决定作用 的９９Ｔｃ。实验结果表明ＴＲＰＯ流程具有去污效率高，反萃效果好，锕系组分之间交叉污染小和试 剂成本低等诸多优点。ＴＲＰＯ流程是一个有效的从高放废液中去除超铀元素的流程。     

用子波变换分析方法实时监测视觉诱发电位的潜伏期

诱发电位的实时监测在临床中有重要意义。本文提出利用多分辨率子波分析技术来实时监测视觉诱发电位的潜伏期。为克服随机噪声的影响，我们引入相邻响应的相关系数来修正所检测得的潜伏期的偏移，并应用前一次响应的波峰位置来决定当前的搜寻范围。实验表明，本方法能实时监测视觉诱发电位的潜伏期。     

高性能混凝土梁受力性能试验研究

通过6根模型梁的三分点加栽试验，对高性能混凝土梁的正截面受力性能进行了试验研究。研究了掺加高效减水剂，粉煤灰、磨细矿渣的高性能混凝土梁的正截面受力性能，并将试验结果与有关混凝土结构设计规范的计算值对比分析，验证了混凝土结构设计规范（GB50010—2002）、高强混凝土设计与施工规程（CECS104：99）对高性能混凝土梁的正截面设计计算的适用性，为大掺量外掺料高性能混凝土在工程上的应用提供了试验依据。     

搭建科技人才平台提升县域科技产业竞争力

发展县域经济，促进城乡和区域协调发展，必须提升县域科技产业竞争力。搭建全省科技人才服务平台。整合全省科技人才资源，通过人才柔性流动机制，开发各项科技人才服务新业务，提供培训服务及合格科技技术经纪人。建设研发的公共平台，开放科技人才库等运作，使科技人才的力量辐射全省，为县域经济发展提供不懈动力。