环境质量评价指数方法浅析

环境质量评价指数方法是认识和研究环境及对环境质量优劣进行定量描述的一种科学方法。本文通过对此方法的比较分析,提出其在具体实践应用中所存在的问题与不足,同时提出了解决问题的途径和办法。     

试论塔城地区旅游业可持续发展

旅游业可持续发展的实质，就是要求其与自然、化和人类生存环境成为一个整体，发展旅游业要立足长远，克服短期行为，尤其是要体现和发挥政府的主导作用。章通过对塔城地区旅游业持续发展的主要影响因素和旅游业可持续发展驱动因素的分析，进而提出塔城地区旅游业可持续发展的对策与建议。     

公路隧道围岩压力分析

在结构设计中,往往把坑道围岩的稳定性转化为对支护结构的荷载,即围岩压力来处理,围岩类别不同,相应的围岩压力也不同.文章对公路隧道围岩的稳定性、围岩的压力及分布范围进行了分析.     

Investigation of octupole effects in superheavy nuclei with improved potential-energy-surface calculations

It has been found that high-order deformation (e.g.β6) can have important effects on the structures of superheavy nuclei. In the present work, we investigate octupole deformation effects on superheavy nuclei with an improved potential-energy-surface (PES) calculation by including reflection-asymmetric deformations in a space of (β2 ,β3 ,β4 , β5). The calculations give various deformations including highly deformed (β2 ≈ 0.4) and superdeformed (β2 ≈ 0.7) shapes. The octupole-deformation degree of freedom mainly affects the fission barrier beyond the second minimum of PES.     

Generalised Estimators for Seasonal Forecasting by Combining Grouping with Shrinkage Approaches

In this paper, generalised estimators are proposed to estimate seasonal indices for certain forms of additive and mixed seasonality. The estimators combine one of two group seasonal indices methods—Dalhart's group method and Withycombe's group method—with a shrinkage method in different ways. Optimal shrinkage parameters are derived to maximise the performance of the estimators. Then, the generalised estimators, with the optimal shrinkage parameters, are evaluated based on forecasting accuracy. Moreover, the effects of three factors are examined, namely, the length of data history, variance of random components and the number of series. Finally, a simulation experiment is conducted to support the evaluation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

霉菌对超高强钢腐蚀行为的影响

采用扫描Kelvin探针测试技术,研究了300M钢、Aermet100钢与超高强不锈钢在黄曲霉、黑曲霉、球毛壳霉、绳状青霉和杂色曲霉组成的混合霉菌菌种作用下的腐蚀行为.通过扫描电镜结合能谱分析对霉菌在三种超高强钢上的生长进行了观察和分析.300M钢试样上霉菌呈现分散式堆积生长,数量逐渐增加;Aermet100钢试样上霉菌呈现分散式单个生长方式,数量逐渐增加;超高强不锈钢上霉菌呈现放射式网状生长方式,数量急剧增加,在钢表面形成一层生物膜.霉菌实验后,三种超高强钢表面都发生一定的腐蚀.300M钢腐蚀最严重,蚀坑宽而浅;Aermet100钢次之,蚀坑窄而深;超高强不锈钢的耐蚀性最好.扫描Kelvin探针测试结果表明,霉菌一定程度上能促进300M钢和Aermet100钢的腐蚀,而对超高强度不锈钢的腐蚀行为有一定抑制作用.     

Cytoskeleton reorganization and FAK phosphorylation are involved in lanthanum(Ⅲ)-promoted proliferation and differentiation in rat osteoblasts

The effect of lanthanum ion(La3+)on osteoblast function and cytoskeleton is assessed in vitro. Osteoblasts were isolated from Snraeuo-tjawiey tetai neonatal rats.Cell proliferation and gene expression levels of cbfa-1,alkaline phosphatase(ALP),osteocalcin(OC),bone sialo-protein(BSP)and osteopontin(OPN)were examined by cell counting and RT-PCR.Cytoskeleton F-actin was stained with rhodamine-con-jugated phalloidin and was visualized by a confocal microscope.As the results,10-8-10-4M La3+-induced osteoblast proliferation on day2.Data from the RT-PCR assay revealed that 10-6 M La3+ up-regulated the expression levels of ALP,BSP,and cbfa-lon day 4,while it enhanced the expressions of OC and OPN on day 21.The F-actin cytoskeleton was strengthened and reorganized under the exposure of La3+.In addition,the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase(FAK)was significantly promoted in 24 h evaluated by Western blot analysis.These findings indi-sate that La 3+ promotes osteoblast activity through the phosphorylation of F AK and reorganization of the cytoskeleton.     

The DNA concentration effect on DNA radiation damage induced by <Superscript>7</Superscript>Li ions and γ rays

To evaluate the influence of the DNA concentration in the aqueous solution on DNA radiation damage, the plasmid DNA in the presence or absence of Mannitol （scavenger of free radical OH.） was irradiated by ^7Li ions and γ rays at various DNA concentrations. Gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the DNA damage of single and double strand breaks induced by irradiation became more severe at lower DNA concentration. In the condition of γ-ray irradiation, most of double strand breaks （DSB） damage was neutralized and less associated with DNA concentration in the presence of mannitol. However, under ^7Li irradiation, DSB damage could not be cleared by mannitol but was gradually aggravated with decreasing DNA concentrations. These findings imply that under low-LET irradiation, most of the DSB damage is generated by free radical OH·diffusion, and thus may be counteracted by scavengers, while at higher-LET irradiation, quite a fraction of DSB induction is caused by direct ionizing energy deposition of heavy ions, which cannot be eliminated. This work also indicates that the proportion between free radical damage and direct ionizing damage is s constant which is independent of DNA concentration when the DNA concentration is under a certain value （50ng/μL）. Our study sheds light on the un- derlying mechanisms in the DNA radiation damage process.     

电控汽油机检测活塞位置的原理及其传感器

分析了电控汽油机确定活塞位置的原理和步骤，介绍了传感器的安装要求，阐述了直列及V型发动机确定活塞位置的原理。     

夸克—结模型与内含强子,反强子谱

本文应用从亚夸克理论获得的夸克——结模型,分析了强子碎片的强子、反强子谱的行为.碎片演化能由夸克或双夸克的级联衰变机制来实现。据此计算了质子碎片的某些内含强子、反强子谱的比,其结果令人满意并与实验相符。