功率超声激励非线性振动测试装置设计与实验研究

针对超声热成像检测中非线性振动问题,设计了激光探头夹持装置,构建了一套非接触式激测振系统,开展了功率超声激励下变幅杆振动特性响应试验,验证激光测振系统的有效性.在此基础上,开展了功率超声激励下试件振动特性影响试验,重点研究了耦合剂和粗糙度对振动特性的影响.结果表明:耦合剂能增强缺陷生热是因为提高了超声能量的传递效率,增...     

旋挖成孔方式下螺纹状围岩粗糙度量化分析

嵌岩桩是大跨径桥梁工程中常用的一种基础形式。由于钻孔工具等因素,桩-岩界面上会形成系列起伏的三维粗糙体,其对桩基承载性能至关重要。因此准确量化实际三维桩-岩粗糙体的粗糙度特征,是建立基于界面粗糙度的桩基承载力设计方法首先需要解决的问题。为此,依托于马鞍山长江大桥深嵌岩桩基工程,在现场钻取含三维粗糙体的砂岩试样,利用三维激光扫描重塑桩-岩界面数字化模型,对其粗糙度特征值,面积扩展率S、相对平均起伏度Rs和桩-岩界面平均倾斜角θ 等进行量化分析;而后构建桩-岩界面试样开展3组界面剪切试验和3组界面抗压试样以计算试样的JRC3D值,并基于试验结果验证已有JRC3D经验计算方法对桩-岩界面的适用性。结果表明:（1）实际桩-岩界面既有规则的螺纹状凹槽,也有起伏较低的相对平整面,而非室内试验中规则粗糙体或不规则孔洞;（2）实际桩-岩界面粗糙度远大于岩体结构面和室内规则粗糙体,面积扩展率、相对平均起伏度和界面平均倾斜角均明显较大;（3）桩-岩界面JRC3D均值为26.15,大于岩体结构面（标准轮廓线上限值20）和室内规则粗糙体,可近似采用公式7估算。研究成果可为建立基于界面粗糙度的深嵌岩桩设计方法提供科学依据。     

利用非工程措施应对自然灾害的探讨

自然灾害是一个全球关注的热点问题,如何采取有效措施应对自然灾害是一个亟待解决的问题.就中国而言,自然灾害多发,灾害种类多,发生频率高,强度大,防灾减灾一直受到政府部门和广大群众的关注.目前,我国的防灾减灾大部分采用工程措施,非工程措施不够完善.而且防灾工程存在着施工质量差、设计标准低、规划不合理等问题,导致防灾减灾作用不能有效发挥,基于此,本文提出了几点应对自然灾害的非工程措施.对于防灾减灾具有一定的指导意义.     

河南省畜禽养殖污染现状分析及对策

通过对河南省畜禽养殖规模现状及区域分布特征、畜禽粪便污染物产生量、畜禽粪便综合利用水平的分析,得出该省畜禽养殖污染存在畜禽养殖总量大、畜禽粪便的处理与综合利用水平低等问题,并提出科学规划,合理布局,实现清洁养殖;种养结合,综合利用;加强畜禽养殖环境规划,加大执法力度等防治对策.     

残余油微观分布定量化解释及孔隙微观结构变化研究

为进一步研究不同孔隙下残余油饱和度的分布状况,以及残余油对于孔隙微观结构的影响,利用压汞法进汞毛管力曲线计算岩心原始孔隙半径;结合退汞毛管力曲线建立了不同孔隙半径所对应的残余油饱和度计算方法。在此基础上,利用分形理论研究空白岩心及退汞饱和度下的分形维数变化。结果表明:孔隙半径处于1.1~5μm范围相对大孔隙的分形维数高于半径处于0.03~1.1μm范围内小孔隙的分形维数,大孔隙不规则性强于小孔隙;同时在残余油饱和度下,岩心微观孔隙分形维数基本保持恒定,为2.065左右;且进汞时小孔隙维数D-in2、退汞时维数D分别与最大进汞饱和度和退汞饱和度具有明显线性关系。可见,通过开展对孔隙当中微观残余油分布的研究,对今后从降低残余油饱和度角度进行提高采收率研究具有非常重要的学术价值。     

磨粒和抛光垫对铝合金化学机械抛光性能

磨粒和抛光垫为化学机械抛光(CMP)提供了重要的机械磨削作用。为了探讨磨粒和抛光垫对铝合金化学机械抛光的磨削作用,研究了不同种类磨粒和抛光垫对材料去除率和表面形貌的影响。结果表明：在pH=12-13时,氧化铝抛光液去除率(MRR)为910nm/min,远大于二氧化硅与氧化铈抛光液,且获得较为理想光滑表面。3种不同抛光垫抛光后的铝合金表面,呢子抛光垫表面将不会出现划痕与腐蚀点,表面粗糙度较低为10.9nm。随着氧化铝浓度的增加,材料去除率(MRR)和表面粗糙度(Ra)均增加。当氧化铝含量为4wt%时,抛光垫使用呢子抛光垫适宜铝合金化学机械抛光,在获得高去除率的同时铝合金表面精度高。     

A mobile accessible closed multi-part group communication scheme in IPv6 network

To solve the problems of current IP multicast which includes poor inter-domain many-to-many group support, security vulnerabilities and dependency to specific multicast infrastructure, a mobile accessible closed multi-part group （MACMPG） communication protocol in IPv6 network is proposed. By extending the single source multicast protocol, the communication channel for multi-part group communication across domains is established. Based on lPv6 CGA, the secure closed group communication scheme is designed. The access to the multicast traffic only confined to the authorized senders and receivers and only trusted routers are allowed to be the branch points of MACMPG tree. By tunneling mechanism, the MACMPG traffic can be transmitted across non-MACMPG routing area, and the mobile nodes can join the group remotely and roam freely between domains, which eliminates the dependency on specific IP multicast routing.     

灰色GM(1,1)模型在山区耕地预测中的应用研究

以云南楚雄1999-2005年耕地面积数据为试验资料,运用灰色GM(1,1)模型分析探讨耕地面积的变化状况.初步结果表明:楚雄耕地面积的动态变化结果符合客观实际的变化规律,未来几年,楚雄拼地面积仍呈递减的趋势.     

Effects and mechanisms of fluorite on the co-reduction of blast furnace dust and seaside titanomagnetite

The co-reduction roasting and grinding magne -tic separation of seaside titanomagnetite and blast furnace dust was investigated with and without fluorite addition at a reduction roasting temperature of 1250℃ for 60 min, a grinding fineness of -43 μm accounting for 69.02wt% of the total, and a low-intensity magnetic field strength of 151 kA/m. The mineral composition, microstructure, and state of the roasted products were analyzed, and the concentrations of CO and CO₂ were analyzed in the co-reduction roasting. Better results were achieved with a small fluorite dosage (≤ 4wt%) in the process of co-reduction. In addition, F- was found to reduce the melting point and viscosity of the slag phase because of the high content of aluminate and silicate minerals in the blast furnace dust. The low moisture content of the blast furnace dust and calcic minerals inhibited the hydrolysis of CaF₂ and the loss of F-. Compared with the blast furnace dust from Chengdeng, the blast furnace dusts from Jiugang and Jinxin inhibited the diffusion of F- when used as reducing agents, leading to weaker effects of fluorite.     

Morphologic characteristics and growth interface stability of nano-micron FeS2 whiskers

Micromorphology is further studied on the basis of our previous researches concerned with the nano-micron FeS2 whisker. There are obvious differences in the intensive degree, diameter and micro- morphology among the FeS2 whiskers growing in different stages. From the early to late stage, the intensive degree increases, the diameter decreases, and the surface micro-morphology changes following the regularity： protrusive nodulation → coarse → smooth → flat. According to the theory of crystal growth, the geological setting and processes of whisker formation, we discuss the stability and evolution of crystal growth interface of FeS2 whisker occurring in Gengzhuang gold deposit （Shanxi Province, China）. The results suggest that the negative temperature gradient and the supercooling appear in the early stage of the whisker growth, whereas the positive temperature gradient of reposeful state appears in the late stage. In the whisker growth stage, the component concentration changes through the three stages： severely nonhomogeneous in the early stage, relatively homogeneous in the middle stage, more homogeneous in the late stage. The general changing process of the interfacial state is from unstable to stable. Micromorphology of FeS2 whisker in Gengzhuang is the result of synergism of temperature, component concentration and stability of crystal interface phase in hydrothermal system. The micromorphology not only reflects the physical and chemical characteristics of the hydrothermal system during the whisker growth, but also indicates the stability characteristics of the interface phase and records the changing process of the whisker growth.