论教师职前教育课程的现状与改革方向

我国中小学教师的职前教育在课程理念、课程设置、课程结构等方面存在着与教师职业专业化要求不相适应的状况,因此,要培养适应基础教育课程改革需要的专业化的教师,教师职前教育需要从以下几个方面进行改革:以教师专业化为导向,转变课程理念;以教师能力提高为宗旨,改革课程内容;以教师综合素质提高为目的完善课程结构。     

论斜拉桥施工质量控制

文章论述了公路斜拉桥施工质量控制的重点,即斜拉桥组合体系的3个要素:索塔、主梁、拉索,以及施工控制的4个方面.     

基于Kriging统计的移动曲面拟合

通过方位取点法选取采样点,移动拟合出二次曲面来逼近实际地形。对采样点处的逼近误差进行Kriging统计,获得待定点处高程逼近误差的最优估值。进行了基于Kriging统计的移动曲面拟合综合模型的模拟计算,通过单一曲面模型和Kriging统计模型的逼近误差及精度的比较,验证了综合内插模型的优越性。     

供应失效风险下可替代原材料供应网络的设计问题

研究了供应失效风险环境下可替代原材料的三级供应网络设计问题,供应网络存在由外界干扰而导致供应失效的风险.在保证供应网络弹性水平前提下,为最小化供应网络的期望成本,建立了混合整数规划模型以描述问题并使用优化软件CPLEX进行求解.通过对算例的实验分析,检验了原材料可替代性在供应失效情况下对供应网络的影响.实验结果显示,在供应失效风险环境下,原材料可替代性总是可以降低供应网络的运营成本;能同时供应两种原材料的供应商在与只能供应一种原材料的供应商的竞争中处于明显有利的地位.     

Molecular patterns of avian influenza A viruses

Avian influenza A viruses could get across the species barrier and be fatal to humans. Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus was an example. The mechanism of interspecies transmission is not clear as yet. In this research, the protein sequences of 237 influenza A viruses with different subtypes were transformed into pseudo-signals. The energy features were extracted by the method of wavelet packet decomposition and used for virus classification by the method of hierarchical clustering. The clustering results showed that five patterns existed in avian influenza A viruses, which associated with the phenotype of interspecies transmission, and that avian viruses with patterns C and E could across species barrier and those with patterns A, B and D might not have the abilities. The results could be used to construct an early warning system to predict the transmissibility of avian influenza A viruses to humans.     

双氰胺钠浸金性能与机理研究

In this work, sodium dicyanamide (SD) was used as a leaching reagent for gold recovery, and the effects of the SD dosage and solution pH on the gold-leaching performance were investigated. A gold recovery of 34.8% was obtained when SD was used as the sole leaching reagent at a dosage of 15 kg/t. In the presence of a certain amount of potassium ferrocyanide (PF) in the SD solution, the gold recovery was found to increase from 34.8% to 57.08%. Using the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) technique, the leaching kinetics of SD with and without PF were studied. The QCM-D results indicate that the gold-leaching rate increased from 4.03 to 39.99 ng·cm–2·min–1 when the SD concentration was increased from 0 to 0.17 mol/L, and increased from 39.99 to 272.62 ng·cm–2·min–1 when 0.1 mol/L of PF was used in combination with SD. The pregnant solution in the leaching tests was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrospray mass spectrometry, which indicated that Au and (N(CN)₂)– in the SD solution formed a series of metal complex ions, [AuNa_x(N(CN)₂)_x+2]– (x = 1, 2, 3, or 4).     

基于贝叶斯方法的时变可靠度分析

针对现役钢筋混凝土桥梁时变可靠度分析的现状,首先根据主观经验信息确定了一个抗力统计参数退化模型,然后结合结构实际检测信息,运用贝叶斯方法综合这两类信息,并进行了推断,从而对模型参数进行了更新,并利用更新后的参数对混凝土模型和钢筋锈蚀模型进行了修正,最后结合已有的荷载效应分析理论,计算时变可靠度,给出了一个计算实例.     

MAXIMUM SCORE CHANGE-POINT ESTIMATION IN BINARY RESPONSE MODEL

This paper is concerned with the estimation of change-point in a binary response modelwith the assumption that the conditional median of the error term,given the explanatory variable,iszero.We construct an estimation of change-point based on the maximumm score function and give itsexponential convergence rate under some mild conditions.     

一种防止遗传算法成熟前收敛的有效算法

针对遗传算法成熟前收敛的原因进行了理论分析,提出了一种能够较好地防止成熟前收敛算法,并通过实例验证,结果表明本文提出的算法是有效的.     

基于模型的城市公交车辆NOx排放研究进展

公交优先的理念及公交专用道等设施的发展对NOx等污染物的减排有重要意义,基于车辆、道路、交通等因素的仿真模型成为研究公交车辆污染排放的最有效工具。本文以城市公交车辆NOx排放为研究对象,围绕公交车辆、公交专用道、公交站台三个方面对当前研究领域应用的主要排放模型进行了整理,得出如下结论：当前仿真模型的发展要求需要适合本地区特点的微观模型和多种模型及算法的组合,使仿真过程和结果精准化；大量模型研究为揭示公交车辆单车排放特性提供了重要依据,耦合多要素的模型研究是当前仿真分析的主要方向；公交专用道的设置有利于改善公交车辆的工况并减少排放,相关模型的研究可进一步优化排放效益；扩散模型和微观模型等大量用于站台、道路等的优化设计,确保接送乘客的效率提高并减少NOx污染。