甲基睾酮(MT)和加氢甲基睾酮(MDHT)浸泡法诱导尼罗罗非鱼仔鱼雄性化的对比研究

通过雄激素"浸泡法"诱导尼罗罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus仔鱼雄性化的研究,探索一种雄激素浸泡诱导尼罗罗非鱼仔鱼雄性化的技术方法。选用了可芳化的MT(17α-methyltesosterone)和不可芳化的MDHT(17α-methyldihydrotestosterone)两种雄激素进行对比试验。进行了处理时期(1,7,13 DPH,Days Post Hactching),激素剂量(200,600,1 800,5 400μg·L-1),持续时间(2,4,8 h)3个因素的简单比较法正交试验。结果如下:当诱导7 DPH仔鱼、持续时间为4 h时,MT剂量为600μg·L-1时雄性率最高,为98.81%,而剂量1 800,5 400μg·L-1时雄性率明显下降(P0.05);MDHT剂量为600,1 800μg·L-1时,雄性率最高,分别为98.34%和98.39%,剂量为200,5 400μg·L-1时雄性率没有明显下降(P0.05)。当用MT诱导7 DPH仔鱼,剂量为600μg·L-1时,持续时间为4 h的雄性率最高、而8 h的雄性率明显下降(P0.05);当用MDHT时,3种持续时间(2,4,8 h)的雄性率无明显差异(P0.05)。总体来看,应用MT和MDHT的雄性率都能达到生产应用需求,但MDHT效果更稳定、表现出更好的应用潜力。     

Deep cleaning of a metallurgical zinc leaching residue and recovery of valuable metals

Huge quantities of zinc leaching residues (ZLRs) generated from zinc production are dumped continuously around the world and pose a potential environmental threat because of their considerable amounts of entrained heavy metals (mainly lead). Most ZLRs have not been properly treated and the valuable metals in them have not yet been effectively recovered. Herein, the deep cleaning of a ZLR and recovery of valuable metals via a hydrometallurgical route were investigated. The cleaning process consists of two essential stages:acid leaching followed by calcium chloride leaching. The optimum conditions for extracting zinc, copper, and indium by acid leaching were a sulfuric acid concentration of 200 g·L-1, a liquid/solid ratio of 4:1 (mL/g), a leaching time of 2 h, and a temperature of 90℃. For lead and silver extractions, the optimum conditions were a calcium chloride concentration of 400 g·L-1, a pH value of 1.0, a leaching time of 1 h, and a temperature of 30℃. After calcium chloride leaching, silver and lead were extracted out and the lead was finally recovered as electrolytic lead by electrowinning. The anglesite phase, which poses the greatest potential environmental hazard, was removed from the ZLR after deep cleaning, thus reducing the cost of environmental management of ZLRs. The treatment of chlorine and spent electrolyte generated in the process was discussed.     

基于RFID技术的安全跟车系统

为了提高行车安全性,基于RFID技术提出了一种安全跟车系统(SCFS).在此系统中,RFID标签部署在道路表面,为安装有RFID读卡器的车辆提供道路信息.系统根据标签中存储信息的时间特性,利用时间序列预测法,预测前车的行驶状态并估测两车之间的道路距离;结合当前行驶状态对车速进行适当调整,以保证行车安全.本文给出了3个系统性能评价指标,并进行仿真实验.结果表明,SCFS系统能够在不同跟车行驶状态下保证行车安全,避免追尾碰撞的发生.     

机载相控阵雷达灵巧干扰信号模型及抑制方法研究0

目前对灵巧干扰的研究主要集中在常规地面雷达,对于机载雷达下的干扰模型及其抑制方法的研究较少。针对此种情况,建立了机载雷达背景下噪声卷积干扰、随机移频干扰和延时转发干扰3种典型灵巧干扰的空时信号模型,并从杂波自由度、空时功率谱图和距离-多普勒谱图的角度分析了干扰分布特性以及影响空时自适应处理(space-time adaptive processing, STAP)性能的内在机理,在此基础上提出了一种基于单元平均选小检测的机载雷达杂波和干扰同时抑制方法。该方法从杂波空时功率谱角度准确估计干扰来向,并据此形成干扰辅助波束,最后通过STAP实现干扰和杂波的有效抑制。仿真结果表明,所提方法相对于传统级联抑制方法,对延时转发灵巧干扰的抑制性能改善5 dB以上,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

The Dynamics of Change in Everyday Life: Final Response

Due to Swedish history, to date there has been a common understanding of the meaning of volunteering in Sweden. However, it seems as if the meaning of volunteering is changing in Sweden, at least in some atypical hybrid organizations. However, this change presupposes that there is a conception of volunteering that has been institutionalized by tradition. Hence, to understand this change, one has to capture the institutionalized meaning of volunteering. In the academic debate there is sometimes an implied opposition between conceptual meaning and existential meaning. It is argued that this divide is unfortunate, the existential aspect presupposes the conceptual aspect of meaning. The study of the meaning of volunteering is an attempt to uncover existential meaning in everyday life. Neither the cognitive meaning nor the existential meaning of volunteering is an objective fact but fragile and dependent upon contextual factors.     

实时三维超声心动图与二维斑点追踪成像技术共同评价心肌梗死患者左室收缩功能与同步性

目的探讨二维斑点追踪成像(2D-STI)及实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)评价AMI患者左心室收缩功能和各节段运动的同步性.方法 50例急性心肌梗死患者为病例组,30例正常体检者为对照组,应用CMQ软件获取各节段径向圆周应变及应变率曲线,然后转变为RT-3DE模式,得到17节段时间-体积曲线(VTC),并获得收缩功能以及非同步收缩参数.结果 1)与对照组相比,心肌梗死组3个水平所有节段径向应变值和圆周应变值均减低;2)心梗组患者Trs-SD,Tcs-SD,Trsr-SD,Tcsr-SD明显高于对照组(P0.05);3)与单支冠状动脉病变心梗组比较,多支冠状动脉病变心梗组LVEDV,LVESV显著增加,LVEF显著减小;4)病例组患者左室Tmsv17-SD,Tmsv17-Dif,Tmsv17-SD%,Tmsv17-Dif%均较对照组增大(P0.05).结论 RT-3DE和2D-STI可以准确地量化左室收缩功能,评价AMI患者左室运动的同步性,左室收缩功能障碍也影响收缩同步性.     

Inhibition of protein misfolding and aggregation by natural phenolic compounds

Protein misfolding and aggregation into fibrillar deposits is a common feature of a large group of degenerative diseases affecting the central nervous system or peripheral organs, termed protein misfolding disorders (PMDs). Despite their established toxic nature, clinical trials aiming to reduce misfolded aggregates have been unsuccessful in treating or curing PMDs. An interesting possibility for disease intervention is the regular intake of natural food or herbal extracts, which contain active molecules that inhibit aggregation or induce the disassembly of misfolded aggregates. Among natural compounds, phenolic molecules are of particular interest, since most have dual activity as amyloid aggregation inhibitors and antioxidants. In this article, we review many phenolic natural compounds which have been reported in diverse model systems to have the potential to delay or prevent the development of various PMDs, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, prion diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, systemic amyloidosis, and type 2 diabetes. The lower toxicity of natural compounds compared to synthetic chemical molecules suggest that they could serve as a good starting point to discover protein misfolding inhibitors that might be useful for the treatment of various incurable diseases.