全文获取类型
收费全文 | 612篇 |
免费 | 11篇 |
国内免费 | 19篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 11篇 |
丛书文集 | 2篇 |
教育与普及 | 2篇 |
理论与方法论 | 4篇 |
现状及发展 | 136篇 |
研究方法 | 82篇 |
综合类 | 395篇 |
自然研究 | 10篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 14篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 10篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 14篇 |
2012年 | 59篇 |
2011年 | 64篇 |
2010年 | 25篇 |
2009年 | 19篇 |
2008年 | 42篇 |
2007年 | 46篇 |
2006年 | 43篇 |
2005年 | 42篇 |
2004年 | 37篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 27篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有642条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
511.
Models and Algorithm for Stochastic Network Designs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The network design problem (NDP) is one of the most difficult and challenging problems in trans-portation. Traditional NDP models are often posed as a deterministic bilevel program assuming that all relevant inputs are known with certainty. This paper presents three stochastic models for designing transporta-tion networks with demand uncertainty. These three stochastic NDP models were formulated as the expected value model, chance-constrained model, and dependent-chance model in a bilevel programming framew... 相似文献
512.
Influence of sulfides on the tribological properties of composites produced by pulse electric current sintering
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《矿物冶金与材料学报》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Seung Ho Kim 《矿物冶金与材料学报》2014,21(1):95-103
Self-lubricating Al2O3-15wt% ZrO2 composites with sulfides, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) serving as solid lubricants, were fabricated by using the pulse electric current sintering (PECS) technique. The coefficient of friction (COF) of the Al2O3-15wt% ZrO2 composite without/with sulfides was in the range of 0.37–0.48 and 0.27–0.49, respectively. As the amount of sulfides increased, the COF and the wear rate decreased. The reduction in COF and wear rate of the sulfide-containing composite is caused by a reduction in shear stresses between the specimen and the tribological medium due to the formation of a lubricating film resulting from the lamellar structure of sulfides located on the worn surface. 相似文献
513.
Time series forecasting using functional partial least square regression with stochastic volatility,GARCH, and exponential smoothing
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of forecasting》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
We propose a method for improving the predictive ability of standard forecasting models used in financial economics. Our approach is based on the functional partial least squares (FPLS) model, which is capable of avoiding multicollinearity in regression by efficiently extracting information from the high‐dimensional market data. By using its well‐known ability, we can incorporate auxiliary variables that improve the predictive accuracy. We provide an empirical application of our proposed methodology in terms of its ability to predict the conditional average log return and the volatility of crude oil prices via exponential smoothing, Bayesian stochastic volatility, and GARCH (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity) models, respectively. In particular, what we call functional data analysis (FDA) traces in this article are obtained via the FPLS regression from both the crude oil returns and auxiliary variables of the exchange rates of major currencies. For forecast performance evaluation, we compare out‐of‐sample forecasting accuracy of the standard models with FDA traces to the accuracy of the same forecasting models with the observed crude oil returns, principal component regression (PCR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) models. We find evidence that the standard models with FDA traces significantly outperform our competing models. Finally, they are also compared with the test for superior predictive ability and the reality check for data snooping. Our empirical results show that our new methodology significantly improves predictive ability of standard models in forecasting the latent average log return and the volatility of financial time series. 相似文献
514.
This study is the second report on the genus Promalactis, which includes five new species, P. ceratiscus sp. nov., P. flavidius sp. nov., P. latifasciata sp. nov., P. mecodigita sp. nov. and P. petasumella sp. nov., from western and southern Cambodia. Also provided is a taxonomic key to all species of Cambodian Promalactis.
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:72474144-5D65-48BE-9021-0490952AAA3C 相似文献
515.
Eight new species of Promalactis were discovered from Indonesia: Promalactis diazomatis sp. nov., Promalactis hamatella sp. nov., Promalactis ingenticula sp. nov., Promalactis laetusella sp. nov., Promalactis latifundus sp. nov., Promalactis minutispina sp. nov., Promalactis mooatana sp. nov. and Promalactis trigonilancis sp. nov. Illustrations of adults and genitalia of the new species and taxonomic information for the six previously known species from Indonesia are provided. A checklist of the genus in Indonesia is given.
www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E25224C7-2D41-4F5A-A4BB-41AA1307E0C0 相似文献
516.
Stein JL Medland SE Vasquez AA Hibar DP Senstad RE Winkler AM Toro R Appel K Bartecek R Bergmann Ø Bernard M Brown AA Cannon DM Chakravarty MM Christoforou A Domin M Grimm O Hollinshead M Holmes AJ Homuth G Hottenga JJ Langan C Lopez LM Hansell NK Hwang KS Kim S Laje G Lee PH Liu X Loth E Lourdusamy A Mattingsdal M Mohnke S Maniega SM Nho K Nugent AC O'Brien C Papmeyer M Pütz B Ramasamy A Rasmussen J Rijpkema M Risacher SL Roddey JC Rose EJ Ryten M Shen L Sprooten E Strengman E Teumer A 《Nature genetics》2012,44(5):552-561
Identifying genetic variants influencing human brain structures may reveal new biological mechanisms underlying cognition and neuropsychiatric illness. The volume of the hippocampus is a biomarker of incipient Alzheimer's disease and is reduced in schizophrenia, major depression and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Whereas many brain imaging phenotypes are highly heritable, identifying and replicating genetic influences has been difficult, as small effects and the high costs of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have led to underpowered studies. Here we report genome-wide association meta-analyses and replication for mean bilateral hippocampal, total brain and intracranial volumes from a large multinational consortium. The intergenic variant rs7294919 was associated with hippocampal volume (12q24.22; N = 21,151; P = 6.70 × 10(-16)) and the expression levels of the positional candidate gene TESC in brain tissue. Additionally, rs10784502, located within HMGA2, was associated with intracranial volume (12q14.3; N = 15,782; P = 1.12 × 10(-12)). We also identified a suggestive association with total brain volume at rs10494373 within DDR2 (1q23.3; N = 6,500; P = 5.81 × 10(-7)). 相似文献
517.
KE Holt S Baker FX Weill EC Holmes A Kitchen J Yu V Sangal DJ Brown JE Coia DW Kim SY Choi SH Kim WD da Silveira DJ Pickard JJ Farrar J Parkhill G Dougan NR Thomson 《Nature genetics》2012,44(9):1056-1059
Shigella are human-adapted Escherichia coli that have gained the ability to invade the human gut mucosa and cause dysentery, spreading efficiently via low-dose fecal-oral transmission. Historically, S. sonnei has been predominantly responsible for dysentery in developed countries but is now emerging as a problem in the developing world, seeming to replace the more diverse Shigella flexneri in areas undergoing economic development and improvements in water quality. Classical approaches have shown that S. sonnei is genetically conserved and clonal. We report here whole-genome sequencing of 132 globally distributed isolates. Our phylogenetic analysis shows that the current S. sonnei population descends from a common ancestor that existed less than 500 years ago and that diversified into several distinct lineages with unique characteristics. Our analysis suggests that the majority of this diversification occurred in Europe and was followed by more recent establishment of local pathogen populations on other continents, predominantly due to the pandemic spread of a single, rapidly evolving, multidrug-resistant lineage. 相似文献
518.
Yung Sik Kim 《Studies in history and philosophy of science》2012,43(1):228-231
519.
Jongsung Lee Eunsun Jung Jienny Lee Sungran Huh Young-Soo Kim Yong-Woo Kim Yeong Shik Kim Deokhoon Park 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2010,67(3):467-481
Adipocyte dysfunction is associated with the development of obesity. This study shows that 6-thioinosine inhibits adipocyte
differentiation. The mRNA levels of PPAR γ and C/EBPα, but not C/EBPβ and δ, were reduced by 6-thioinosine. Moreover, the
mRNA levels of PPAR γ target genes (LPL, CD36, aP2, and LXRα) were down-regulated by 6-thioinosine. We also demonstrated that
6-thioinosine inhibits the transactivation activity and the mRNA level of PPAR γ. Additionally, attempts to elucidate a possible
mechanism underlying the 6-thioinosine-mediated effects revealed that 6-thioinosine induced iNOS gene expression without impacting
eNOS expression, and that this was mediated through activation of AP-1, especially, JNK. In addition, 6-thioinosine was found
to operate upstream of MEKK-1 in JNK activation signaling. Taken together, these findings suggest that the inhibition of adipocyte
differentiation by 6-thioinosine occurs primarily through the reduced expression of PPAR γ, which is mediated by upregulation
of iNOS via the activation of JNK. 相似文献
520.