Electrodeposited synthesis of self-supported Ni-P cathode for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen generation

One of the key challenges for electrochemical water splitting is the development of low-cost and efficient hydrogen evolution cathode. In this work, a self-supported Ni-P cathode was synthesized by a facile electrodeposition method. The composition and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The Ni-P cathode performed low onset over-potential, good catalytic activity and long-term stability under neutral and alkaline conditions. The mechanism of Ni-P electrode for hydrogen production was discussed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The excellent performance of Ni-P cathode was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of phosphate anions and the self-supported feature.     

Microstructure and properties of in-situ synthesized Cu-1 wt%TiC alloy followed by ECAP and post-annealing

A dispersion-strengthened copper alloy with 1 wt% TiC for commercial electrical-contact wires was prepared by in-situ reaction casting, grain-ultrafining by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent annealing with aim to obtain excellent comprehensive performance. The results showed that fine TiC particles were in-situ synthesized in the as-cast Cu matrix and aggregated in clusters, and thus mechanical properties of the as-cast alloy deemed insufficient. Continued ECAP at 473 K significantly refined the grains of the as-cast alloy and improved the distribution of TiC particles. Due to multiple strengthening mechanisms, the ECAP-processed alloys maintained good conductivity with obviously enhanced tensile strength and hardness values. After post-ECAP annealing, the elongation and conductivity of the fine-grained copper alloy increased with the adequate tensile strength. The novel combined process endows the alloy appropriate performance to serve current high-frequency electrification railway systems.     

基于内聚力模型的沥青混凝土低温断裂模拟

为模拟沥青混凝土的低温断裂行为,合理选择了内聚力本构模型;在获取了小梁试件数字图像的基础上,结合ABAQUS有限元软件建立了二维细观断裂模型,验证了模型的正确性和适用性。结果表明:本文建立的二维细观断裂模型能够很好的反映实际三点弯曲试验的能量消耗—位移响应;沥青混凝土断裂过程可分为试件损伤、裂缝产生、裂缝扩展和试件破坏等四个阶段。     

凤凰座SX型变星CY Aqr光变周期长期变化研究的新进展

通过对凤凰座SX型变星CY Aqr的观测测定了2个新的光变极大时刻,并利用文献中光变曲线资料得出了3个新的光变极大时刻.结合已发表的数据点,拟合得出新的极大时刻计算公式,并作出了O-C图.用新的数据检验现有的两种解释该星周期变化的理论表明轨道光时效应模型更为合理.     

New crystal structure of molecular complex 1-piperidine carboxylate-piperidinium-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O studied by X-ray single crystal diffraction

Piperidine absorbs CO2 and H2O in air to form a molecular complex： piperidium-l-piperidinecarboxylate-H2O. The structure of the complex was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure was determined to be triclinic, space group P1^-with a=0.648 6（8） nm, b=0.809 200） nm, c= 1.357 1（16） nm, a=96.96706）°, β =102.506（15）°,γ=104.202 05）°, Z=2. The complex is stabilized via five hydrogen bonds between the three components, N-O electrostatic interaction and O-O interaction （electron transfer） betweenl-piperidinecarboxylate and H2O. Due to electron transference of carbamate ion, the oxygen atom in water molecule is strongly negatively charged and the O-H bond is considerably shorter than that of the free molecule of water. The formation of the molecular complex is a reversible process and will decompose upon heating. The mechanism of formation and stabilization is further investigated herein.     

锂硫聚合物二次电池关键材料研究进展

报告了在复合型纳米硫正极材料、纳米储锂合金负极材料和用原位合成工艺掺入纳米二氧化硅的凝 胶型聚合物电解质的研制方面所取得的进展;所研制的复合型纳米硫正极材料与凝胶电解质及锂金属负极配合 制成扣式实验电池进行测试,容量已达到７００mAh桙g,发现该材料放电电压是现有锂钴氧材料放电电压的一半, 双电池串联可以与现有锂钴氧材料电池互换;采用微乳液新工艺合成的Cu－Sn纳米合金材料,以石墨与金属锡 复合的材料,以及以金属氧化物作为原料,采用乳液法制备碳微球镶嵌金属锡的球形复合材料等高容量负极材 料取得了较大的进展     

剩余压紧力条件下滑靴副的油膜特性及功耗

在考虑滑靴高速旋转时底面会形成热楔支承力的基础上,利用求解高次微分方程的研究方法建立了剩余压紧力状态下柱塞泵的滑靴底面的油膜模型,通过Matlab编程精确描述了剩余压紧力状态下滑靴油膜的动态特性,并以此为基础研究了滑靴的油膜厚度与负载、转速的关系,推导了滑靴高速运行所造成的功耗损失,同时分析了负载和转速变化对滑靴功耗损...     

两种基于苯并咪唑衍生物配体的新型铱(Ⅲ)配合物的合成及发光性能研究

合成了新型配体N-异丙基-2-苯基苯并咪唑(bi)和N-异丙基-2-(4-氟苯基)苯并咪唑(fbi),并用它们与三氯化铱和乙酰丙酮反应,制备了相应的环金属铱(Ⅲ)配合物发光材料(bi)2Ir(acac)和(fbi)2lr(acac)(acac=乙酰丙酮).对其结构用1H NMR和元素分析方法进行了表征,研究了配合物的UV-vis,荧光光谱及电化学性质.两种材料的最大发光波长分别位于514 nm和493nm.电化学研究表明,在苯环上引入氟原子后,配合物的HOMO和LUMO间能隙增大(分别为O.12 eV和0.15 eV),与最大发光波长蓝移结果吻合.     

脉冲激光沉积制备碳纳米材料进展

碳纳米结构的材料由于其优异的性能,已经成为当今材料科学的热点之一,而脉冲激光沉积法由于其独特的优点而越来越受到重视.作者阐述了用脉冲激光沉积法制备各种碳纳米结构的研究进展,包括类金刚石薄膜、碳纳米管和石墨烯.     

均匀棒纯纵向运动初值问题混合有限元方法的H(div)模误差估计

笔者继续考虑均匀棒纯纵向运动初值问题的混合有限元方法[1],利用广义混合椭圆投影的误差估计,给出了H(div)模最优误差估计,使得该问题得到进一步的解决.