刺纹车轮虫 18S rDNA 克隆与序列分析

首次对刺纹车轮虫(TrichodinacentrostrigataBasson,VanAs & Paperna, 1983)进行了 18S rDNA 的克隆测序并分析，研究结果显示：刺纹车轮虫是一种具有辐射状中央颗粒的淡水车轮虫，具有相对较高的 GC 含量而位于分子系统树的顶枝，它与海水环境中的车轮虫具有较高的序列相似性及较近的遗传距离从而聚为一枝。研究提示刺纹车轮虫具有较强的宿主适应性，在系统进化中分化较晚并与海水种类具有较近的亲缘关系；此外，车轮虫的同源性与 18S rDNA序列相似性、遗传距离具明显相关性，GC 含量与分子支序树分枝具有明显相关性。
     

基于超效率DEA-ESDA 的中国生态效率时空格局分析

采用改进的数据包络分析法（超效率DEA）计算出中国30 个省在不同时期的生态效率，运用全局和局部空间相关分析方法（ESDA）研究中国生态效率的空间自相关性和空间异质性。结果表明：中国生态效率东、中、西区域差异明显，东部发达地区生态效率高，中西部欠发达地区生态效率低；2004—2012 年全局自相关 Moran’sⅠ值均为正数，表明省域之间生态效率呈现正相关的空间集聚分布，2004—2012 年生态效率的空间聚集程度先略有缩小后加强；区域生态效率的空间异质性主要表现为生态效率的“热点”区相对稳定，主要集中在北部、东部和南部沿海地区，“冷点”区主要集中在东北、大西南、大西北、长江中游和黄河中游地区；生态效率的空间差异与区域经济发展水平、产业结构和能源消耗强度等密切相关，基于空间探索性数据分析方法研究我国区域生态效率的空间异质性，为国家制定提高区域生态效率相关调控政策提供参考。
     

基于变分不等式的多商品流供应链网络模型

针对多商品流的供应链网络均衡问题，考虑电子商务对供应链网络的影响，得到了制造商、零售商及需求市场的均衡条件，利用变分不等式形式把供应链网络均衡模型表述出来，得到了系统均衡的模型，利用拟牛顿法，得到了具多商品流的供应链网络均衡模型的求解方法。 用具体的数值算例验证了模型的合理性。
     

The modernity of Dedekind’s anticipations contained in What are numbers and what are they good for?

Archive for History of Exact Sciences - We show that Dedekind, in his proof of the principle of definition by mathematical recursion, used implicitly both the concept of an inductive cone from an...     

Long-term increases in clutch size in common snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) and diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin)

Clutch size (CS) is a well-studied life history characteristic, and optimal egg size theory predicts that CS should correlate positively with reproductive investment. Turtles are good subjects for studies of reproductive strategies because few turtle species exhibit parental care; therefore quantifying their short-term reproductive investment is mostly limited to measuring egg size and number. Clutch size is usually reported as an average value for each turtle population, and where CS variation is noted, it is usually attributable to variation in adult body size. In two long-term studies of ecologically dissimilar species we detected a dramatic increase in CS in a common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) population and in a diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) population. It is unknown whether these changes are due to either variation in adult body size or resource availability; but the temporal patterns we observed have apparently never been reported previously. These trends remain unexplained and should be explored further.     

Variations in Variation and Selection: The Ubiquity of the Variation-and-Selective-Retention Ratchet in Emergent Organizational Complexity, Part II: Quantum Field Theory

If the general arguments concerning theinvolvement of variation and selection inexplanations of ``fit'' are valid, then variationand selection explanations should beappropriate, or at least potentiallyappropriate, outside the paradigm historisticdomains of biology and knowledge. In thisdiscussion, I wish to indicate some potentialroles for variation and selection infoundational physics – specifically inquantum field theory. I will not be attemptingany full coherent ontology for quantum fieldtheory – none currently exists, and none islikely for at least the short term future. Instead, I wish to engage in some partiallyspeculative interpretations of some interestingresults in this area with the aim ofdemonstrating that variation and selectionnotions might play a role even here. Ifvariation and selection can survive in even asinhospitable and non-paradigmatic a terrain asfoundational physics, then it can surviveanywhere.