BioStarM-140s芯片基因信息查询系统的构建及应用

应用生物信息学数据库查询的方法,对B ioS tarM-140s小鼠基因表达芯片上的14 112个基因进行相应注释信息的查询和所对应蛋白质功能的分类.首先参照人类综合型芯片上基因的功能分类,设定了14个蛋白质类别,然后采用V isual C 编程语言,构建了基因信息查询系统.应用该查询系统,进行了网络生物学数据库信息资源的自动直接查询,共搜索到有注释信息的基因12 070个;进一步按照所设定的14个蛋白质类别对12 070个基因进行分类查询,搜索到了与这14个分类相符合的、具有详细蛋白质功能注释信息的基因共1 606个.     

Ordinary language philosophy,explanation, and the historical turn in philosophy of science

Taking a cue from remarks Thomas Kuhn makes in 1990 about the historical turn in philosophy of science, I examine the history of history and philosophy of science within parts of the British philosophical context in the 1950s and early 1960s. During this time, ordinary language philosophy's influence was at its peak. I argue that the ordinary language philosophers' methodological recommendation to analyze actual linguistic practice influences several prominent criticisms of the deductive-nomological model of scientific explanation and that these criticisms relate to the historical turn in philosophy of science. To show these connections, I primarily examine the work of Stephen Toulmin, who taught at Oxford from 1949 to 1954, and Michael Scriven, who completed a dissertation on explanation under Gilbert Ryle and R.B. Braithwaite in 1956. I also consider Mary Hesse's appeal to an ordinary language-influenced account of meaning in her account of the role of models and analogies in scientific reasoning, and W.H. Watson's Wittgensteinian philosophy of science, an early influence on Toulmin. I think there are two upshots to my historical sketch. First, it fills out details of the move away from logical positivism to more historical- and practice-focused philosophies of science. Second, questions about linguistic meaning and the proper targets and aims of philosophical analysis are part and parcel of the historical turn, as well as its reception. Looking at the philosophical background during which so-called linguistic philosophers also had a hand in bringing these questions to prominence helps us understand why.     

Loewy矩阵与几乎Koszul代数

几乎Koszul代数作为Koszul代数的推广,在代数周期性和分次自入射代数的研究中起到了重要的作用.几乎Koszul代数的刻画是一个复杂的计算问题,而Loewy矩阵为Koszul代数的刻画带来了较为直观的计算方法.通过经典的Loewy矩阵和构造增广Loewy矩阵,利用分次代数分次模的两种不同Loewy维数向量得到了一...     

非局部条件积分方程在Banach空间中的可控性

利用Schauder不动点定理, 研究Banach空间中一类积分型微分方程的可控性. 针对Banach空间中带有非局部初值条件的积分系统, 建立了系统可控的充分条件, 并以一个具体的偏微分方程作为例子讨论了其可控性.     

广义次正定矩阵上的Oppenheim不等式

用矩阵分析的方法, 通过对广义次正定矩阵性质的进一步研究, 得到了更一般条件下的两个广义次正定矩阵的Hadamard乘积的行列式下界估计的Oppenheim不等式, 在适用范围和估计精度上都改进了已有的相应结果.     

两种谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶模拟物抗紫外线损伤的研究

考察了紫外线照射小鼠胸腺细胞后, 对细胞存活率、 细胞周期、 细胞凋亡、 脂质过氧化程度以及外源性活性氧含量变化的影响, 表明紫外线对胸腺细胞有严重损伤. 研究了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）的模拟物2-硒桥联β-环糊精和2-碲桥联β-环糊精抵抗紫外线损伤细胞的能力, 结果表明, GPX模拟物能有效地保护细胞, 防止紫外线引起的损伤.     

基于两级神经网络的发酵过程多变量前馈解耦控制

针对具有时变、非线性、不确定性的多变量耦合生物发酵过程,提出了一种基于两级神经网络的多变量前馈解耦方法.一级神经网络利用可获得的过程信息拟和耦合通道的过程特性,实现耦合作用对被控量影响的估计;二级神经网络用来拟和控制通道的逆特性.通过两级网络的串联,消除系统间的耦合.实验结果表明,提出的解耦控制方法能适应生物发酵过程模型的不确定性和参数时变性,克服了前馈解耦方法依赖于过程模型和对模型参数的变化表现敏感的缺点.     

基于过程神经网络的短期负荷预测

针对目前常用方法在解决负荷预测问题时,结果往往难以达到工程要求精度的现状,利用过程神经网络输入为时间函数以及预测精度高的特点,建立了基于过程神经网络的电力系统短期负荷预测模型;给出了模型的结构,基于函数正交基展开的离散数据拟合方法以及模型的学习算法.针对东北某地区电网的日负荷数据,进行了模型训练和负荷预测正确性的研究.结果表明,所建立的预测模型对负荷的预测准确率高,优于BP神经网络负荷预测模型的预测结果.     

Prion protein cleavage fragments regulate adult neural stem cell quiescence through redox modulation of mitochondrial fission and SOD2 expression

Neurogenesis continues in the post-developmental brain throughout life. The ability to stimulate the production of new neurones requires both quiescent and actively proliferating pools of neural stem cells (NSCs). Actively proliferating NSCs ensure that neurogenic demand can be met, whilst the quiescent pool makes certain NSC reserves do not become depleted. The processes preserving the NSC quiescent pool are only just beginning to be defined. Herein, we identify a switch between NSC proliferation and quiescence through changing intracellular redox signalling. We show that N-terminal post-translational cleavage products of the prion protein (PrP) induce a quiescent state, halting NSC cellular growth, migration, and neurite outgrowth. Quiescence is initiated by the PrP cleavage products through reducing intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. First, inhibition of redox signalling results in increased mitochondrial fission, which rapidly signals quiescence. Thereafter, quiescence is maintained through downstream increases in the expression and activity of superoxide dismutase-2 that reduces mitochondrial superoxide. We further observe that PrP is predominantly cleaved in quiescent NSCs indicating a homeostatic role for this cascade. Our findings provide new insight into the regulation of NSC quiescence, which potentially could influence brain health throughout adult life.