作物盐胁迫响应蛋白质组学研究

综述了近年来作物响应盐分胁迫蛋白质组学的研究进展．     

基于三角网格曲面的颅骨修补片重构方法

针对传统颅骨修补术采用自由曲面设计存在造型不理想的局限性,提出了一种基于三角网格曲面的颅骨修补片重构方法。重构过程首先由CT扫描和图像处理获得缺损颅骨三维三角网格曲面模型,然后标识骨窗边界及修补片边界,并对骨窗多边形边界做合法性检查,通过每次寻找多边形边界中夹角最小的一对邻边构造新的三角面片,直至覆盖整个骨窗区域;再进行颅骨修补片与头形吻合度的调整;最后对修补片与颅骨复合的误差进行验证。实物制作的结果表明修补片与患者颅骨匹配良好。目前应用该方法已完成病例10余例,为临床缺损颅骨修复又提供了一种手段。     

二元机翼模型在随机参数激励下的首次穿越问题

为研究机翼在随机参数激励下的稳定性和可靠性,建立了在一个随机气流速度影响下的二元机翼随机动力学模型．首先,利用拟不可积Hamilton系统的随机平均法,将系统的广义能量表示为一维Ito扩散过程;其次,利用奇异性边界理论讨论了系统的全局随机稳定性;最后,为研究机翼振动能量和噪声强度对机翼工作安全性能的影响,求得了系统可靠性函数和首次穿越（系统损坏）时间概率密度函数．结果表明：系统可靠性函数在接近安全工作域边界时降低得很快,能量初值远离安全域边界可降低损坏概率密度峰值并将对应的时刻推后;噪声强度的增大也会引起系统可靠性下降加快和首次穿越概率密度函数峰值上升．     

一种新的量子蚁群优化算法

 针对蚁群算法在求解连续空间优化问题时易于陷入局部最优和收敛速度慢的问题,提出了一种新的基于量子进化的蚁群优化算法。 该算法采用量子比特的概率幅表示蚂蚁当前位置信息;设计了一种新的量子旋转门更新蚂蚁位置, 完成蚂蚁的移动;最后采用量子 非门实现蚂蚁所在位置的变异, 增加位置的多样性。不仅从理论上证明了所提出算法的收敛性,而且通过仿真实验表明该算法可使 搜索空间加倍,比传统的蚁群算法具有更好的种群多样性,更快的收敛速度和全局寻优能力。     

IL-8-induced L-selectin shedding regulates its binding kinetics to PSGL-1

L-selectin plays a crucial role in inflammation cascade by initiating the tethering and rolling of leukocytes on endothelium wall. While many L-selectin molecules are rapidly shed from the cell surface upon activation, the remaining membrane-anchored L-selectin may still play an important role in regulating leukocyte rolling and adhesion with different binding kinetics. Here we developed an in vitro model to activate Jurkat cells via interlukin-8 （IL-8） and quantified the two-dimensional （2D） binding kinetics, using a micropipette aspiration assay, of membrane-anchored L-selectin to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 （PSGL-1） ligand coupled onto human red blood cells （RBCs）. The data indicated that L-selectin shedding reduced the amount of membrane-anchored L-selectin and lowered both its reverse and forward rates. These results suggested that the rolling dynamics of activated leukocytes was determined by two opposite impacts： reducing the surface presentation would enhance the rolling but lowering the kinetic rates would decrease the rolling. This finding provides a new insight into understanding how L-selectin shedding regulates leukocyte rolling and adhesion.     

A new 3-D Gd-Cu heterometallic polymer [Gd2Cu3（bpy）2- （ip）6]·6H2O with a non-interpenetrated α-Po net

A new 3-D porous Gd-Cu heterometallic polymer [Gd2Cu3（bpy）2- （ip）6]·6H2O （1） （bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, H2ip = isophthalic acid） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. Compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1and displays a 3-D non-interpenetrated α-Po net- work with 1-D channels filled transversely by the hexa-nuclear chain-like （H2O）6. The EPR and thermal stability of 1 were investigated.     

Progress in bionic information processing techniques for an electronic nose based on olfactory models

As a novel bionic analytical technique, an electronic nose, inspired by the mechanism of the biological olfactory system and integrated with modern sensing technology, electronic technology and pattern recognition technology, has been widely used in many areas. Moreover, recent basic research findings in biological olfaction combined with computational neuroscience promote its development both in methodology and application. In this review, the basic information processing principle of biological olfaction and artificial olfaction are summarized and compared, and four olfactory models and their applications to electronic noses are presented. Finally, a chaotic olfactory neural network is detailed and the utilization of several biologically oriented learning rules and its spatiotemporal dynamic propties for electronic noses are discussed. The integration of various phenomena and their mechanisms for biological olfaction into an electronic nose context for information processing will not only make them more bionic, but also perform better than conventional methods. However, many problems still remain, which should be solved by further cooperation between theorists and engineers. Supported by the National Creative Research Groups Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60421002) and National Basic Research Programme of China (Grant No. 2004CB720302)     

疾病基因网络的二分图投影分析

介绍了一种可揭示同一集合内部结点相互关系的二分网络投影方法,并运用此方法对基因疾病二分网络图做研究.通过遗传性疾病与致病基因的关联性来分析不同疾病之间隐含的相互关系,得出由相同的基因变异所引起的各种不同疾病之间存在着或多或少的联系,这些疾病比起毫无联系的疾病,其相互引发的概率也要大得多.此结论使我们能够更清楚地认识到遗传性疾病的发病机制,对疾病预防以及医疗诊断都有一定的参考价值.     

支持向量回归多参数的同时调节

参数调节问题是支持向量回归的基本问题.已有的参数调节方法主要采用内外双层优化框架,调节过程中,训练学习器与更新超参数交替进行.这种嵌套结构具有较高的计算复杂性.针对这一问题,提出了支持向量回归多参数的同时调节模型.首先,将Lagrange乘子、惩罚因子、不敏感度参数和核函数参数合并为一个参数向量,推导出支持向量回归问题的一个新的表示形式,可将原来分离的双层调节过程整合为一个单层调节过程.然后,应用贯序无约束极小化技术(SUMT),将支持向量回归问题转化为多元无约束优化问题.在此基础上,应用变尺度方法(VMM)设计、分析并实现了一个同时调节算法.最后,通过标准数据集上的实验,验证了同时调节算法的收敛性,并比较了同时调节算法与常用调节算法的有效性和计算效率.理论分析与实验结果表明,同时调节模型是一正确且有效的多参数调节模型.     

加氢站风险评价研究现状与进展

伴随着世界各国氢燃料电池车示范项目的实施,与之配套的氢能基础设施--加氢站也在全球范围内迅速发展.作为一种新兴的能源基础设施,能否为公众提供足够的安全,一直是政府和公众非常关心的问题.而目前国际上关于加氢站风险评价方面存在的主要争议,即是损害限和风险接受标准确定的问题.本文通过回顾国外加氢站风险评价的研究现状和进展,从危险辨识、概率分析、后果评价以及风险度量等方面总结了加氢站风险评价的方法,对氢能设施风险评价开展的基础--氢气行为及其后果等氢能安全进行了分析,在此基础上,进一步综述了近几年国际上在该领域研究取得的进展.