光纤传感网络在桥梁施工应力监测中的应用

随着桥梁结构施工技术发展和桥跨的不断增长,为确保其施工的质量和安全性,在桥梁建设中对其应力进行实时的监测显得尤为重要.而传统的传感器在恶劣的施工环境中成活率极低,受环境影响较大,具有精度低等缺点.在新建桥梁的应力监测中采用光纤光栅传感技术,然后在有限元模拟的基础上,监测数据与普通传感器所测数据进行比较.结果表明:光纤光栅传感器在桥梁应力监测中具有可行性,为以后桥梁的应力应变监测提供了新方法.     

Factors affecting the voxel-based analysis of diffusion tensor imaging

Diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） provides a unique method to reveal the integrity of white matter microstructure noninvasively. Voxel-based analysis （VBA）, which is a highly reproducible and user-independent tech- nique, has been used to analyze DTI data in a number of studies. Fractional anisotropy （FA）, which is derived from DTI, is the most frequently used parameter. The parameter setting during the DTI data preprocessing might affect the FA analysis results. However, there is no reliable evidence on how the parameters affect the results of FA analysis. This study sought to quantitatively investigate the factors that might affect the voxel-based analysis of FA; these include the interpolation during spatial normalization, smoothing kernel and statistical threshold. Because it is difficult to obtain the true information of the lesion in the patients, we simulated lesions on the healthy FA maps. The DTI data were obtained from 20 healthy subjects. The FA maps were calculated using DTIStudio. We randomly divided these FA maps into two groups. One was used as a model patient group, and the other was used as a normal control group. Simulated lesions were added to the model patient group by decreasing the FA intensities in a specified region by 5 %- 50 %. The model patient group and the normal control groupwere compared by two-sample t test statistic analysis voxel- by-voxel to detect the simulated lesions. We evaluated these factors by comparing the difference between the detected lesion through VBA and the simulated lesion. The result showed that the space normalization of FA image should use the trilinear interpolation, and the smoothing kernel should be 2-3 times the voxel size of spatially normalized FA image. For lesions with small intensity change, FWE correction must be cautiously used. This study provided an important reference to the analysis of FA with VBA method.     

Ga(Ⅲ)在罗丹明B和丙醇的水溶液中与Zn(Ⅱ)、Al(Ⅲ)、Ir(Ⅳ)、Rh(Ⅲ)、V(Ⅴ)和Ti(Ⅳ)的绿色萃取分离

丙醇水溶液在氯化钠的作用下可分成醇-水两相,在分相过程中,GaCl4-与罗丹明B(RhB)生成的[GaCl4-][RhB+]能被丙醇相完全萃取.当溶液中丙醇和罗丹明B的浓度分别为30%(v/v),0.3 g/L时,Ga(Ⅲ)的萃取率达到97.8%以上,而Zn(Ⅱ)、Al(Ⅲ)、Ir(Ⅳ)、Rh(Ⅲ)、V(Ⅴ)和Ti(Ⅳ)基本不被萃取,实现了Ga(Ⅲ)与上述金属离子的分离.     

时域光学拓扑成像方法的模拟和实验研究

针对现有的以修正的朗伯-比尔定律(modified Lambert-Beer law,MLBL)为理论模型的光学拓扑方法存在量化度不准确的问题,提出了一种基于最小二乘拟合算法的时域光学拓扑成像方法.该方法利用时域扩散方程在半无限空间条件下的解析解和测量曲线实现最佳匹配以计算相邻的源点与探测点之间的待测组织吸收系数变化值.对该时域光学拓扑成像方法进行了一系列的模拟验证,并以基于时间相关单光子计数(time-correlated single photon counting,TCSPC)技术的多通道时间分辨测量系统为平台进行了实验验证.结果表明:所提出的最小二乘拟合算法总体上优于传统的基于经验值光程的MLBL方法.     

Effects of baria on propane oxidation activity of Pd/Al2O3 catalyst: Pd–BaO interactio n and reaction routes

The BaO-modified Pd/Al2O3exhibits much better catalytic activity than Pd/Al2O3for C3H8 oxidation both before and after the hydrothermal aging treatment. Further studies ascribe its good activity to the influence of BaO species on the physicochemical characteristics of the catalyst and the reaction routes. Firstly, the BaO species inhibits the phase transformation of alumina, resulting in higher surface area of the catalysts and hereby a better dispersion of Pd. Secondly, the basic nature and electron-withdrawing effect of barium oxide maintain palladium at high oxidation state, which leads to a higher PdO content on surface of the BaO-modified catalyst. Finally, the formation/decomposition of carbonate/bicarbonate species can be promoted by the addition of BaO, which provide extra reaction routes and are important for the deep oxidation of C3H8.     

Cu衬底上ZnO纳米结构及其光催化性能分析

采用两步电化学沉积法在Cu衬底上沉积得到ZnO纳米结构薄膜。用X-射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对其结构及形貌进行表征,发现先在Cu衬底上沉积一层Zn致密膜,更有利于在其表面上得到附着力强、形貌较好的ZnO纳米结构膜。系统考察了沉积温度和沉积时间等工艺参数对ZnO纳米结构的影响。结果表明,沉积温度和沉积时间对晶体结构和形貌有显著影响,通过对工艺进行适宜控制可以得到结晶性良好的六方纤锌矿型ZnO纳米结构膜。以罗丹明B为目标有机污染物,分析了ZnO膜的光催化性能,表明所制备的ZnO膜可以作为光催化剂,其光催化效率可达到72.4%。     

Controlled synthesis of SnO2 with hierarchical Micro/Nano structure

Preparing SnO2 with hierarchical micro/nano structures by hydrothermal, coordination, templating and electrochemical deposition methods and their mechanisms are investigated. The result shows that the echinus-like SnO2 prepared by Method 1 is a typical Ostwald mechanism that develops from internally to externally. The cabbage-like SnO2 by Method 2 is produced with oxalic acid as complexing agent to set-up precursor of SnO2, and then precursors are bocked around the body that is around the body being bocked. The nest-like SnO2 by Method 3 is controlled by citric acid as coordinator for the nucleation as well as the grow rate and setup process. Spongy-like SnO2 by Method 4 is produced using PST as template, PST is be infiltered into SnO2 precursor by gravity and capillary and treated thermally to form a multiporous structure. The petal-like SnO2 by Method 5 is formed with crystal deposition emergence due to oxidation-reduction reactions of two electrodes in an electric field. XRD analyses shows that the five results are all pure phase SnO2. It provides basic data for SnOE industrial application.     

电导法测定G级油井水泥水化速度

本文采用电导法和酸度法研完了嘉华G级油井水泥浆及加有缓凝剂酒石酸时水泥的水化历程,并对酒石酸的缓凝机理进行了分析。实脸结果表明:电导法较酸度法能更全面、真实地反映水泥的水化过程,     

Graphene opens pathways to a carbon-neutral cement industry

Global cement production has increased 30 times since 1950 and nearly 4 times since 1990,becoming the third-largest source of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2)...     

PID控制技术与应用

PID控制技术成熟,广泛应用于化工生产过程控制中,阐述PID控制的典型结构,调节方法,以及PID控制算法及其组态．