杭州市"构筑大都市,建设新天堂"人才战略的思考

在分析杭州市人才战略的宏观背景、杭州市人才工作现状的基础上,比较系统地论述了杭州市"构筑大都市,建设新天堂"的人才战略育人战略、引智战略、人才市场发展战略、创业环境营造战略.     

非平衡热力学、耗散结构和辩证法

本文系统化了非平衡热力学和耗散结构的若干辩证法问题，同时，提出了平衡热力学、线性热力学和非线性热力学的适用条件及关系．这些关系写成一表以便互相比较．文章认为非线性热力学是普遍的理论，它能应用到远离平衡态，然而，这远离平衡仍是有限的．远离平衡是相对于近平衡的概念，其精确定义是不满足ＪＫ＝∑ｉＬＫｉＸｉ的非平衡态．     

Transformation: a tool for studying fungal pathogens of plants

Plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic fungi continuously threaten the sustainability of global crop production. An effective way to study the disease-causing mechanisms of these organisms is to disrupt their genes, in both a targeted and random manner, so as to isolate mutants exhibiting altered virulence. Although a number of techniques have been employed for such an analysis, those based on transformation are by far the most commonly used. In filamentous fungi, the introduction of DNA by transformation typically results in either the heterologous (illegitimate) integration or the homologous integration of the transforming DNA into the target genome. Homologous integration permits a targeted gene disruption by replacing the wild-type allele on the genome with a mutant allele on transforming DNA. This process has been widely used to determine the role of newly isolated fungal genes in pathogenicity. The heterologous integration of transforming DNA causes a random process of gene disruption (insertional mutagenesis) and has led to the isolation of many fungal mutants defective in pathogenicity. A big advantage of insertional mutagenesis over the more traditional chemical or radiation mutagenesis procedures is that the mutated gene is tagged by transforming DNA and can subsequently be cloned using the transforming DNA. The application of various transformation-based techniques for fungal gene manipulation and how they have increased our understanding and appreciation of some of the most serious plant pathogenic fungi are discussed. Received 9 May 2001; received after revision 2 July 2001; accepted 3 July 2001     

国际互联网技术与旅游业企业过程重组

信息技术、互联网、通讯技术的发展引起了整个旅游业的一场革命,正在深刻地改变着旅游业的经营、管理和运作模式。网络技术的出现则恰好给旅游业的加速发展、企业过程重组带来了新的机遇。文章集中分析了旅游业的信息特征、信息技术、互联网技术引起的旅游业的经营环境变化,提出了旅游服务供应链管理的概念。在此基础上,结合英特网技术在旅游业的功能,提出了旅游业的企业过程重组,建立虚拟旅游公司模式。     

Antiferromagnetic order as the competing ground state in electron-doped Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4

Superconductivity in the high-transition-temperature (high-T(c)) copper oxides competes with other possible ground states. The physical explanation for superconductivity can be constrained by determining the nature of the closest competing ground state, and establishing if that state is universal among the high-T(c) materials. Antiferromagnetism has been theoretically predicted to be the competing ground state. A competing ground state is revealed when superconductivity is destroyed by the application of a magnetic field, and antiferromagnetism has been observed in hole-doped materials under the influence of modest fields. None of the previous experiments have revealed the quantum phase transition from the superconducting state to the antiferromagnetic state, because they failed to reach the upper critical field B(c2). Here we report the results of transport and neutron-scattering experiments on electron-doped Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4 (refs 13, 14), where B(c2) can be reached. The applied field reveals a static, commensurate, anomalously conducting long-range ordered antiferromagnetic state, in which the induced moment scales approximately linearly with the field strength until it saturates at B(c2). This and previous experiments on the hole-doped materials therefore establishes antiferromagnetic order as a competing ground state in the high-T(c) copper oxide materials, irrespective of electron or hole doping.     

综合集成系统中模型按需服务研究

基于综合集成模拟环境,针对广域网环境下本地、异地模型资源的集成管理与使用问题,对模型集成管理与模型服务机制进行研究,提出了模型按需服务（Modelingand Simulation On Demand,简称MSOD）。MSOD的作用就是建立一个基于综合集成模拟环境下的公共平台,满足环境中对模型资源的查询、集成、管理、组织、调用和控制的需要,为综合集成模拟环境中相应问题研究提供按需服务,即集成管理、按需建模和按需仿真。     

基于遗传算法和模糊决策的大规模联盟伙伴选择方法研究

为解决大规模的网络制造联盟合作伙伴选择问题,在建立该问题数学模型的基础上通过分析引入遗传算法和模糊决策理论,提出一种分阶段的伙伴选择算法:通过遗传算法求解模型缩小选择的范围,利用遗传算法的解通过模糊决策考虑多个影响因素进行最后决策.对于该方法给出了具体的求解步骤,并用算例说明这种方法的可行性.这种分阶段的伙伴选择算法充分利用了数学的工具和决策者的经验,提高了决策的科学性和合理性.     

部分高校高等教育学专业硕士课程体系建设的思考

通过对我国13所高校2005-2006年度高等教育学专业硕士培养方案和课程设置的调查分析,在培养目标、科目内容、类别与学时等方面进行了比较,并对高等教育学硕士课程体系、学位课程和选修课程的设置提出思考.     

线性流量阀维修时的内筒设计

探讨线性流量阀维修时的内筒设计问题.首先针对阀体内孔为外孔圆的外接正方形的情况,建立一种正方形截割模型,在此模型下过流面积与内筒旋转角之间为非线性关系,并计算出此非线性关系与严格线性关系间的误差.然后将内、外孔半圆沿直径方向等间距分割成n个带形区域,根据过流面积与旋转角在主要工作区内成线性关系的条件,研究内孔与外孔带形区域的关系,通过建立反向和正向分段割补模型,找到了比较令人满意的内筒孔形状.     

Elemental composition of aerosols collected in the glacier area on Nyainqêntanglha Range, Tibetan Plateau, during summer monsoon season

In order to investigate the elemental composition in atmospheric aerosols and its sources in the glacier area over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), seven totally suspended particle samples were collected continuously at the col of the Zhadang glacier (30°28′N,90°39′E,5800 m a.s.l.), Nyainqêntanglha Range, southern TP, from June to October 2006. Twenty-seven elements (Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ga, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Cd, Cs, Ba, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, U) were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The result indicates that the concentrations of most elements (especially crustal elements) are lower than values at the Nam Co Station during the same period of 2005, and also much lower than other sites in the TP such as Wudaoliang and Waliguan. This suggests that elemental compositions of aerosols in the Zhadang glacier area may represent the background levels of the middle/upper troposphere over the TP. Crustal enrichment factors (EFs) reveal that several elements (e.g. B, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Bi) may have anthropogenic sources. The southern TP is mainly influenced by the summer Indian monsoon during the sampling period. Backward air mass trajectory analysis suggests that air masses in the region may originate from South Asia. Therefore, anthropogenic pollutants from South Asia may be transported by the summer Indian monsoon to the region which clearly affects the atmospheric environment in the southern TP during the summer monsoon season.