一种新型减压阀性能研究

提出了一种先导回路为G型π桥液阻网络的减压阀新结构,对该阀的出口压力流量特性进行了仿真研究,分析了该阀先导回路有关参数的设计方法．该阀的压力流量特性根据先导回路液阻参数的不同设计,可以呈现3种形式：（1）减压阀出口压力随减压阀口流量增加而下降;（2）减压阀出口压力保持恒值,不随减压阀。流量的增减而变化;（3）减压阀出。压力随减压阀。流量增加反而上升．而普通先导式减压阀只具有一种特性,即随着流量的增加,其出口压力下降．图4,表1,参4     

田径运动员左心收缩时间间期的分析与评价

采用MCA-3心脏功能综合检测仪,测量田径运动员静态心脏收缩时间间期各指标,分析其特点并与非运动员进行比较,从而对田径运动员的左心功能作出系统的评价。结果发现,田径运动员的LVET、EMT、MSTI、CT及PEP等指标值均比一般人群的指标值高。田径运动员的左心功能呈现机能节省化。     

广东云浮硫铁矿地质特征及成因

云浮硫铁矿产于震旦系海相碎屑沉积岩中，属华南型块状硫化物矿床，稀土、δ（１８Ｏ）、δ（３４Ｓ）及铅同位素等显示，该矿床为上地壳物质来源，但其条带状黄铁矿与块状黄铁矿石的形成环境存在着很大的差异．矿床成因与喷流作用有关，微生物对成矿起了一定的作用，尤其是对稀散元素的富集起了积极的作用     

Transformation: a tool for studying fungal pathogens of plants

Plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic fungi continuously threaten the sustainability of global crop production. An effective way to study the disease-causing mechanisms of these organisms is to disrupt their genes, in both a targeted and random manner, so as to isolate mutants exhibiting altered virulence. Although a number of techniques have been employed for such an analysis, those based on transformation are by far the most commonly used. In filamentous fungi, the introduction of DNA by transformation typically results in either the heterologous (illegitimate) integration or the homologous integration of the transforming DNA into the target genome. Homologous integration permits a targeted gene disruption by replacing the wild-type allele on the genome with a mutant allele on transforming DNA. This process has been widely used to determine the role of newly isolated fungal genes in pathogenicity. The heterologous integration of transforming DNA causes a random process of gene disruption (insertional mutagenesis) and has led to the isolation of many fungal mutants defective in pathogenicity. A big advantage of insertional mutagenesis over the more traditional chemical or radiation mutagenesis procedures is that the mutated gene is tagged by transforming DNA and can subsequently be cloned using the transforming DNA. The application of various transformation-based techniques for fungal gene manipulation and how they have increased our understanding and appreciation of some of the most serious plant pathogenic fungi are discussed. Received 9 May 2001; received after revision 2 July 2001; accepted 3 July 2001     

高定向热解石墨表面超大结构的扫描隧道显微镜研究

用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)对高定向热解石墨(HOPG)表面的超大结构进行了研究,观察到的超大结构是2.4~5.7 nm,峰与峰之间的距离为1.0~3.8,相对于HOPG表面的原子结构转动30°角.推测这种超大结构是由于电解质和溶剂小分子嵌入HOPG表面层所引起层间相互作用改变引起的表面电子态变化.     

计算经典Ramsey数R (3,q)下界的新方法

发现计算经典Ramsey数R(3,q)下界的一种新方法——自同构循环图的方法,并得到6个经典Ramsey数的新下界:R(3,35)≥226,R(3,37)≥241,R(3,38)≥246,R(3,40)≥261,R(3,43)≥281,R(3,44)≥293.     

Density functional theory study on the insertion reaction mechanism of dibromocarbene with formaldehyde

The insertion reaction mechanism of CBr2 with CH3CH2O has been studied by using the B3LYP/6-311G(d) and CCSD(T)/6-311G(d) at single point. The geometries of reactions,transition state and products were completely optimized. All the transition state is verified by the vibrational analysis and the internal re-action coordinate (IRC) calculations. The results show that reaction (1) is the dominant reaction path,which proceeds via two steps: i) two reactants form an intermediate (IM1),which is an exothermal re-action of 8.62 kJ·mol?1 without energy barrier; ii) P1 is obtained via the TS1 and the H-shift,in which the energy barrier is 44.53 kJ·mol?1. The statistical thermodynamics and Eyring transition state theory with Wigner correction are used to study the thermodynamic and kinetic characters of this reaction in temperature range from 100 to 2200 K. The results show that the appropriate reaction temperature ranges from 200 to 1900 K at 1.0 atm,in which the reaction has a bigger spontaneity capability,equi-librium constant (K) and higher rate constant (k).     

Scanning for sisnatures of geosraphically restricted selection based on population genomics analysis

Natural selection, as the driving force of human evolution, has direct impact on population differentiation. However, it is still unclear to what extent the genetic differentiation has been caused by natural selection. To explore this question, we performed a genome-wide scan with single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） data from the International HapMap Project. Single locus FsTanalysis was applied to assess the frequency difference among populations in autosomes. Based on the empirical distribution of FsT, we identified 12669 SNPs correlating to population differentiation and 1853 candidate genes subjected to geographic restricted natural selection. Further interpretation of gene ontogeny revealed 121 categories of biological process with the enrichments of candidate genes. Our results suggest that natural selection may play an important role in human population differentiation. In addition, our analysis provides new clues as well as research methods for our understanding of population differentiation and natural selection.     

凝胶微球复合调剖机理实验研究

通过玻璃刻蚀模型进行微观驱替实验,直观地分析了凝胶微球复合调剖过程及作用区域。基于核磁共振技术,设计了凝胶微球岩心驱替实验。对不同阶段驱替后岩心不同直径孔隙内的流体分布进行了研究,并对比凝胶微球复合调剖的优势。实验结果表明,凝胶微球复合调剖过程中凝胶优先进入高渗透层,驱替大孔隙中剩余油,并对大孔隙有封堵作用;则聚合物微球主要进入低渗层,增加了聚合物微球的利用率;并启动低渗透率层的原油,封堵了低渗层的主流通道,实现调剖驱油的双重目的。     

组态技术和PLC在人行道护栏控制系统中的应用

介绍了基于MCGS组态软件与欧姆龙公司CQM1H系列可编程序控制器的人行道护栏控制系统设计及控制系统的组态过程;给出了控制系统的硬件组成、软件设计,并制作出控制系统的动态监控画面;在MCGS和PLC串行通信的基础上,通过计算机控制PLC,实现了对十字路口交通灯及人行道护栏的控制.