自适应邻域真空法

针对遗传算法的会聚问题,特别对于改进的遗传算法——邻域真空法进行了进一步讨论,提出了具有ε值自动选择的郜域真空法——自适应邻域真空法,对该方法的有效应用具有相当的意义。     

高斯Wasserstein距离改进轻量YOLOv7模型的遥感影像道路交叉口检测

YOLOv7是目前目标检测任务中性能较优的模型,但在处理遥感影像中的道路交叉口时,出现目标背景复杂、先验框定位误差以及模型训练参数量增多的问题。针对复杂场景的道路交叉口提出一种结合归一化高斯Wasserstein距离与轻量级YOLOv7的遥感影像道路交叉口检测模型。首先,使用归一化高斯Wasserstein距离与CIoU(complete-IoU)进行先验框定位损失函数的改进,以提高网络模型对于目标尺寸的鲁棒性;其次,在加强网络特征提取模块中加入三维注意力机制,实现网络处理的特征优化;最后,在主干特征提取网络与加强特征提取网络中加入改进的FasterNet模块,提升网络模型的训练速度,减少了模型训练的参数。实验结果表明,改进后的YOLOv7网络模型相比原网络模型,漏检测情况得到明显改善,准确率(precision,P)、召回率(recall,R)、平均准确率(average precision, AP)和F₁分别提升了6.2%、4.9%、6.7%、6.5%,对道路交叉口的检测效果优于原网络模型。其成果对不同环境的影像具有较强适应能力,为道路交叉口检测的发展提供了参...     

基于改进尖点突变级数法的高温环境下人体生理状态综合评价

热应激会降低工作效率并导致热相关疾病。为了量化高温环境下环卫工人的热应激水平,本文建立一个生理状态安全评价指标(physiological state safety evaluation index, PSEI)。首先,引入尖点突变理论分析不同热环境下人体生理状态变化趋势。其次,基于信息熵和变权理论计算生理指标的权重,并利用尖点突变级数法建立人体生理状态评价体系。最后,提出新评价指标PSEI以量化生理状态安全水平,并在此基础上确定PSEI的安全等级。结果表明:在不同环境条件和生理状态下,生理指标的权重是变化的;平均皮肤温度、耳膜温度、收缩压和心率的权重范围分别为0.09-0.64、0.08-0.41、0.07-0.74和0.06-0.33;PSEI的安全等级为:非常安全(0.948, 1]、相对安全(0.886, 0.948]、中等(0.798, 0.886]、相对危险(0.649, 0.798]和非常危险[0, 0.649]。PSEI可为高温环境下环卫工人提供实时的生理状态安全评估和健康预警。     

橡胶-玻璃粉改性透水路面强度和冻融性分析

为提高透水混凝土在季冻区的适用性,同时进一步发挥可持续材料的利用价值,本试验采用正交设计探究玻璃-橡胶复掺透水路面的强度和冻融损伤。结果表明,基于轻荷载透水混凝土路面的优质配合比为孔隙率20%、水胶比0.26、橡胶颗粒6%、玻璃粉20%。经过冻融耐久性试验分析多种透水混凝土样本后发现,复合掺杂玻璃粉和橡胶颗粒的透水混凝土较单掺橡胶颗粒及对照组抗冻性分别平均提高了13.93%和38.82%。改性后的透水混凝土能够通过调整胶凝材料将混凝土透水性能和强度性能结合,满足规范要求的同时达到减轻生态压力和降低生产成本的目标,在道路建设和可持续发展领域具有重要的应用价值。     

仪表着陆系统下滑宽度仿真系统研究

在分析仪表着陆系统ILS(Instrument Landing System)下滑调制深度差DDM(Different in the Depth of Modulation)指标形成原理的基础上,找到了影响DDM的因素为纯边带SBO(Sideband Only)信号的幅值,采用控制变量法得出了在DDM线性变化范围内SBO信号的幅值与下滑宽度、半宽度的关系模型,并通过实测数据对模型进行了验证。基于数学模型并结合NM7000设备,搭建了仿真系统,可动态模拟下滑宽度的调整过程。测试结果表明,仿真系统精度相对误差小于1%。系统应用对指导校飞及设备维护具有重要意义。     

动物外周血单个核细胞分离方法探讨

目的 探索用人淋巴细胞分离液分离多种属动物外用血单个核细胞（PBMCs）的可行性及评价其分离效果,建立一种适于野外大规模多种属动物PBMCs的分离方法.方法 采用人淋巴细胞分离液分离来源于新疆的伊犁马、新疆驴、不同品种犬、新疆双峰驼、天山马鹿和来源于重庆的荣昌猪、中国荷斯坦奶牛、简阳大耳黑山羊外周血PBMCs.随机抽样检测分离的动物PBMCs细胞总数、细胞纯度和细胞活率.结果 用人淋巴细胞分离液成功分离上述8种动物PBMCs,每毫升动物外周血分离的PBMCs细胞总数为0.52×106～2.03×106个,纯度为67%～93%,细胞活率为92.5%-98.0%.结论 用人淋巴细胞分离液分离多种动物PB-MCs的方法宜在动物的病毒分子流行学调查中进一步推广.     

Whole-genome sequence of Schistosoma haematobium

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by blood flukes (genus Schistosoma; schistosomes) and affecting 200 million people worldwide. No vaccines are available, and treatment relies on one drug, praziquantel. Schistosoma haematobium has come into the spotlight as a major cause of urogenital disease, as an agent linked to bladder cancer and as a predisposing factor for HIV/AIDS. The parasite is transmitted to humans from freshwater snails. Worms dwell in blood vessels and release eggs that become embedded in the bladder wall to elicit chronic immune-mediated disease and induce squamous cell carcinoma. Here we sequenced the 385-Mb genome of S. haematobium using Illumina-based technology at 74-fold coverage and compared it to sequences from related parasites. We included genome annotation based on function, gene ontology, networking and pathway mapping. This genome now provides an unprecedented resource for many fundamental research areas and shows great promise for the design of new disease interventions.     

Meta-analysis identifies multiple loci associated with kidney function-related traits in east Asian populations

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), impairment of kidney function, is a serious public health problem, and the assessment of genetic factors influencing kidney function has substantial clinical relevance. Here, we report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for kidney function-related traits, including 71,149 east Asian individuals from 18 studies in 11 population-, hospital- or family-based cohorts, conducted as part of the Asian Genetic Epidemiology Network (AGEN). Our meta-analysis identified 17 loci newly associated with kidney function-related traits, including the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate based on serum creatinine levels (eGFRcrea) (P < 5.0 × 10(-8)). We further examined these loci with in silico replication in individuals of European ancestry from the KidneyGen, CKDGen and GUGC consortia, including a combined total of ～110,347 individuals. We identify pleiotropic associations among these loci with kidney function-related traits and risk of CKD. These findings provide new insights into the genetics of kidney function.     

Large-scale genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new genetic loci influencing metabolic traits

To identify the genetic bases for nine metabolic traits, we conducted a meta-analysis combining Korean genome-wide association results from the KARE project (n = 8,842) and the HEXA shared control study (n = 3,703). We verified the associations of the loci selected from the discovery meta-analysis in the replication stage (30,395 individuals from the BioBank Japan genome-wide association study and individuals comprising the Health2 and Shanghai Jiao Tong University Diabetes cohorts). We identified ten genome-wide significant signals newly associated with traits from an overall meta-analysis. The most compelling associations involved 12q24.11 (near MYL2) and 12q24.13 (in C12orf51) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 2p21 (near SIX2-SIX3) for fasting plasma glucose, 19q13.33 (in RPS11) and 6q22.33 (in RSPO3) for renal traits, and 12q24.11 (near MYL2), 12q24.13 (in C12orf51 and near OAS1), 4q31.22 (in ZNF827) and 7q11.23 (near TBL2-BCL7B) for hepatic traits. These findings highlight previously unknown biological pathways for metabolic traits investigated in this study.