中国灾害性海浪研究进展

 海浪灾害是海洋灾害的重要组成部分,是各种海洋灾害中导致人员死亡或失踪的最主要致灾因素,是各种涉海工程设计、施工和运维工作必须考虑的动力因素,是中国海洋安全与保障工作必须面对的自然灾害。通过讨论灾害性海浪的常用定义和分类,评述了有关典型灾害性海浪特性的主要研究成果,总结了主要灾害性海浪预报业务化现状,提出了灾害性海浪研究尚存的主要问题和未来的研究方向。     

Improved dehydriding property of polyvinylpyrrolidone coated Mg-Ni hydrogen storage nano-composite prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis and wet mechanical milling

In this work, polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) coated Mg_(95)Ni_5 nano-composites were prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis(HCS) plus wet mechanical milling(WM) with tetrahydrofuran(THF) and donated as WM-x wt% PVP(x = 1, 3, 5 and 7) respectively. The phase compositions, microstructures and dehydriding property, as well as the co-effect of PVP and THF were investigated in detail. XRD results showed that the average crystal size of MgH_2 in the milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 decreased from 23 nm without PVP to 18 nm with 1 wt% PVP. The peak temperature of dehydrogenation of MgH_2 in the milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 decreased from 293.0 ℃ without THF to 250.4 ℃ with THF. The apparent activation energy for decomposition of MgH_2 in WM-7 wt% PVP was estimated to be 66.94 kJ/mol, which is 37.70 kJ/mol lower than that of milled Mg_(95)Ni_5 without THF and PVP. PVP and THF can facilitate the refinement of particle size during mechanical milling process. Attributed to small particle sizes and synergistic effect of PVP and THF, the composites exhibit markedly improved dehydriding properties.     

超药典剂量使用中药的探讨

中药的剂量是影响中医疗效的重要因素。近年来,由于中药质量下降、恶性肿瘤等复杂疾病发病率呈上升趋势等原因,临床上很多中药的用量超过了药典规定的最大剂量,如仙鹤草、黄芪就是医院临床上超量现象最严重的两味中药。通过研究证实,由于我国药典中剂量阈值偏小,根据临床治疗的需要,超药典剂量使用中药是合理的。     

力学性能对矿柱体系破坏影响的三维数值分析

在深部高应力等复杂地质条件下开采时,由多个矿柱构成的矿柱体系的稳定性对矿山安全生产至关重要.利用RFPA^3D-Parallel程序,研究了单轴抗压强度对串行和并行矿柱体系破裂过程的影响.结果表明,串行矿柱中强度较弱部分的失稳决定整个体系的稳定,对该段加固和监测有助于体系的稳定性控制;对并行布设的矿柱体系,其压力传递与柱的抗压强度密切相关,较弱柱先破坏,应力依次向强度较高的柱转移,直到矿柱系统失稳;可将声发射数的多峰现象或声发射累积增长阶梯型弧段作为矿柱体系中弱柱失稳破裂、应力向相邻强柱转移的依据.     

块体金属玻璃微磨削加工的温度场仿真

建立单颗磨粒微磨削的正交切削模型和玻璃金属的本构关系方程,采用有限元工艺仿真系统对块体金属玻璃进行微磨削加工的温度场仿真,从而得到块体金属玻璃在微磨削过程中的温度以及温度变化趋势,进而观察其磨削温度是否达到块体金属玻璃的玻璃转变温度.因此,对玻璃金属磨削加工过程的温度仿真可以有效预测非晶表面是否有晶化现象的发生.改变微磨削加工参数,对块体金属玻璃的各个磨削区的温度变化趋势进行观察.通过仿真实验发现,块体金属玻璃的最高磨削温度发生在磨粒前刀面与磨屑接触的区域,即第二变形区.     

混合单调的u0-凹凸算子不动点的存在唯一性

在半序线性空间中讨论了混合单调的u0-凹凸算子的不动点的存在和唯一性,对所述算子没有作连续假设,算子的表达形式也更容易在实际中获得应用.     

考虑土体强度非均质和各向异性的隧道洞口仰坡地震稳定性上限解

隧道洞口段仰坡稳定性分析是隧道工程设计的关键,考虑土体强度非均质及各向异性影响,结合极限分析上限理论及土体强度折减理论,推导出的仰坡稳定性极限分析上限解计算公式,对比验证了所提计算方法的合理性,探究了地震力作用下非均质及各向异性系数对隧道洞口仰坡临界坡高、隧道拱顶破坏位置及仰坡安全系数的影响规律。结果表明：地震力作用下,土体强度非均质系数越大、各向异性系数越小,隧道洞口仰坡稳定所需临界坡高越大;非均质及各向异性系数越大,仰坡初始滑移面越远离坡肩位置,隧道拱顶破坏范围更广;随着各向异性系数增大,仰坡安全系数呈递增规律,而非均质系数增大将导致仰坡安全系数降低,仰坡整体趋于不安全。研究成果为山区隧道洞口仰坡稳定性设计提供了理论依据。     

Error analysis and distribution of the driving mechanism for large spherical radio telescope active reflector

In order to reduce the cost, 3-PRS mechanism is introduced into the application of supporting the active reflector unit of large radio telescope. The kinematic model of 3-PRS mechanism with rotational joint errors is derived to solve the error problem in actual engineering application. Then based on the error model, inverse and forward kinematics are analyzed. Because the solutions can not be analytically expressed, a numerical method is applied. Afterwards, the parasitic motion errors are analyzed using search method and empirical formulas of the maximum parasitic motion error are put forward. Finally, the tolerance is distributed using empirical formulas to avoid interference between adjacent reflector units. The analyses provide a theoretical basis for the design and installation of large radio telescope active reflector.     

Unlocking solid-state conversion batteries reinforced by hierarchical microsphere stacked polymer electrolyte

Pursuing all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with dual upgrading of safety and energy density is of great significance.However,searching compatible solid el...     

*-Armendariz环

研究具有对合映射*的Armendariz环的性质,给出一批*-Armendariz环的例子,讨论它们的扩张,以及?-Armendariz环与相关环的关系.