Antifogging properties and mechanism of micron structure in Ephemera pictiventris McLachlan compound eyes

An antifogging function surface with simple structure and suitable for large-area production was found inspired by Ephemera pictiventris McLachlan compound eyes. The compound eyes structure, antifogging properties and mechanism were studied by anti-fog test, dyeing test and scanning electron microscopy, and so forth. Then, 3D model of the sample was established, and the antifogging mechanism was explained by the Cassie model. Results showed that the compound eyes are composed of hundreds of micron size ommatidia arranged in curved array form, and this structure shows excellent antifogging function. This research may provide new ideas for design of simple structure and micron size antifogging function surface. This work is also expected to be applied to antifogging function surface of astronaut helmets and medical endo- scopes, and so forth.     

Application prospects of high-voltage cathode materials in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are lithiumion batteries with solid-state electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes.They are hopeful in solving the safety problems of lithium-ion batteries,once their large capacity and long life are achieved,they will have broad application prospects in the field of electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage.The working potential window of solid electrolytes is wider than that of liquid electrolytes,so high-voltage cathode materials could be used in all-solidstate lithium-ion batteries to get higher energy density and larger capacity by elevating the working voltage of the batteries.The spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4material,layered Li–Ni–Co–Mn–O cathode materials and lithium-rich cathode materials can be expected to be applied to all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries as cathode materials due to their highvoltage platforms.In this review,the electrochemical properties and structures of spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4material,layered Li–Ni–Co–Mn–O cathode materials and lithiumrich cathode materials are introduced.More attentions are paid on recent research progress of conductivity and interface stability of these materials,in order to improve their compatibility with solid electrolytes as cathode materials in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries and fully improve the properties of all-solid-state batteries.Finally,the existing problems of their application in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are summarized,the main research directions are put forward and their application prospects in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are discussed.     

基于系统动力学的石油勘探开发投入产出规律研究

针对现阶段石油资源的约束性以及增储上产形势的紧迫需要,选取石油价格、采收率和每万t探明石油地质储量需直接投资3项不确定因素进行灵敏度分析,得出不同变量对投入产出指标的敏感性大小.据此总结石油勘探开发投入产出规律,以便于企业在实际操作中科学合理的运用,保证油田投入产出的稳步发展.     

超轻多孔类蜂窝夹心结构创新构型及其力学性能

通过优化排列六边形和四边形夹心胞元,以六边形和四边形的组合设计胞元结构,提出了类蜂窝夹层结构的概念并对其进行了创新构型;基于Gibson提出的胞元理论,建立了类蜂窝夹心结构力学等效模型,并推导出了等效模型的等效弹性常数公式。以卫星结构的蜂窝夹层板作为应用实例,对类蜂窝和正六边形蜂窝夹心结构的等效力学常数进行了计算对比,结果表明:两者的等效弹性模量近似相等,然而类蜂窝夹心结构的等效剪切模量却有较大提高,同时等效密度更小,可有效减小结构的质量。对卫星结构类蜂窝夹心结构进行了数值模拟研究,验证了类蜂窝夹心结构力学等效模型的正确性。     

不同风速下拉索表面水线的形成

本文将气液两相流理论与VOF法相结合,提出一种模拟风雨条件下斜拉索表面水线产生过程的新方法;采用计算流体软件CFX进行数值模拟,通过分析重力及气流单独作用下的水线形态,并与前人的研究成果进行比对,验证了这一方法的准确性与合理性;通过研究不同风速条件下受重力和气流共同作用时的水线初始形成时间、位置和形态,分析重力和气流作用对水线形成的影响,为人工水线风洞试验和理论分析提供依据.     

交通管制因素对普通城市道路噪声的影响

运用SoundPLAN软件,以南京市城市道路现状为基础,利用我国声环境导则中的道路噪声预测模式,建立了普通城市道路(非高架、隧道等)噪音预测通用模型.并根据实际需要,选择影响噪音的主要因素(车流量、车速、车道数、车型比),利用通用模型分析这些交通管制因素对道路噪声的影响.分析结果表明:噪声随交通量的增加而增加;随车速的增加,噪声先缓慢降低后快速直线增加;随车道数的增加,噪声有所增加,且离道路中心点越近,噪声的增幅越大;随大型车比例的增加,噪声增速变慢.通过该研究可得到各种交通管制因素对噪声变化的影响,并能为城市道路噪声的预防和控制提供一定的依据.     

Crystal structure of opsin in its G-protein-interacting conformation

Opsin, the ligand-free form of the G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin, at low pH adopts a conformationally distinct, active G-protein-binding state known as Ops*. A synthetic peptide derived from the main binding site of the heterotrimeric G protein-the carboxy terminus of the alpha-subunit (GalphaCT)-stabilizes Ops*. Here we present the 3.2 A crystal structure of the bovine Ops*-GalphaCT peptide complex. GalphaCT binds to a site in opsin that is opened by an outward tilt of transmembrane helix (TM) 6, a pairing of TM5 and TM6, and a restructured TM7-helix 8 kink. Contacts along the inner surface of TM5 and TM6 induce an alpha-helical conformation in GalphaCT with a C-terminal reverse turn. Main-chain carbonyl groups in the reverse turn constitute the centre of a hydrogen-bonded network, which links the two receptor regions containing the conserved E(D)RY and NPxxY(x)(5,6)F motifs. On the basis of the Ops*-GalphaCT structure and known conformational changes in Galpha, we discuss signal transfer from the receptor to the G protein nucleotide-binding site.     

脑深部刺激电极的结构优化及其模拟分析

为了进一步揭示脑深部电刺激术中微脑电极的结构与电刺激参数之间的关联作用对神经活动的抑制机理,利用有限元方法,研究微脑电极刺激触点结构对其作用区域的刺激范围和刺激程度.分析结果表明,电极触点阵列,特别是触点长度和触点间距是微脑电极结构尺寸中的关键因素,也是对脑电极作用区域影响最大的结构尺寸.电极触点长度或触点间距的增加将会增大对脑部的刺激强度和刺激范围,同时触点长度2倍于触点间距将使得脑部的刺激更加平稳、有效.电极触点长度和触点间距不仅直接影响其作用位置,而且影响其对脑部作用区域的刺激强度和刺激范围的变化规律.研究结果为微脑电极的构建提供了新的设计依据.     

机器人辅助脊柱微创手术系统设计与实现

研制了机器人辅助定位系统以解决脊柱微创外科手术中的高精度定位问题.分析建立了机器人的运动学模型,设计了一套以TI公司的DSP芯片TMS320LF2407A为核心的控制系统,介绍了该系统平台的工作原理、硬件设计与软件设计.系统已在实际环境下进行试验,满足设计要求.     

成都地区60株铜绿假单胞菌中第I类整合子的鉴定及特性分析

采用两种PCR法(整合酶PCR法和长片段整合子PCR法)检测60株成都地区4家医院分离的铜绿假单胞菌的第Ⅰ类整合子,并对扩增产物进行序列分析.对60株铜绿假单胞菌第Ⅰ类整合酶基因的检测,发现有28株扩增结果为阳性(46.7%),所扩增片段的大小为110 bp.测序结果与GenBank中已报道的ⅠntI1基因核酸序列同源性为100%.长片段PCR法扩增Ⅰ类整合子的可变区,60株铜绿假单胞菌中有18株检测到不同大小的Ⅰ类整合子基因盒,占标本总数的30.0%.插入的基因盒大小从300 bp到超过2000 bp不等,18株整合子阳性菌中,有两株菌同时含有2种大小不同的整合子.序列分析结果表明,菌株R03的1900 bp 整合子携带aacA4基因盒,菌株W13的1900 bp整合子中含dfr17和aadA5基因盒.