Atomic force microscopic observation on substructure of pollen exine in Cedrus deodara and Metasequoia glyptostroboides

The substructure of pollen exine in Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. and Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng has been examined with an atomic force microscope (AFM). The results indicate that the exine substructure units containing sporopollenin in two species are similar in shape, which are granular, but slightly different in size. In Cedrus the substructure unit of pollen exine appears to be 56-99 nm long and 42-74 nm wide, while in Metasequoia it appears to be 81-118 nm long and 43-98 nm wide. It has been observed that the subunits of pollen exine in Cedrus arranged tightly to form short-rod-like or spheroidal pollen exine units, several or more than ten of which formed an island-like structure. There are various spaces among these island-like structures which are interconnected to occupy the entire pollen exine. In Metasequoia, the subunits of pollen exine also arranged tightly with a distribution tendency of cluster of 3-10, however, no obvious boundary exists among these clusters. From our results, it is concluded that there is no tendency of helical arrangement for the subunits of pollen exine in Cedrus and Metasequoia, and the results support Southworth' view that subunits of pollen exine are granular shape in lattice structure.     

Influence of different illuminations with xenon or microwave sulfur lamp on jointing and tillering of wheat

The emission of microwave sulfur lamp is mainly composed of visible light. The sulfur lamp, producing little infrared radiation, has high efficiency, long duration of illumination and less energy consumption. In order to probe the agricultural application of the lamp, experiments were carried out with wheat (cv. Yangmai 158) to emphatically study illuminating effects of xenon or sulfur lamp on tillering, jointing and net photosynthetic rate during tillering and jointing periods. Results indicated that there is almost no difference in net photosynthetic rate of wheat leaves growing under different lamps. Xenon lamp significantly advanced the time of jointing, decreased number of tillers, number of total leaves per plant and leaf size, as well as inhibited root growth. In contrast with xenon lamp, sulfur lamp evidently delays the time of heading and grain maturation, increased number of heads per plant, head length, total number of grains per plant, head weight and total grain weight per plant, accordingly significantly increased yield per plant. Strong infrared radiation might be the main cause to influence jointing and tillering. The development characteristics of wheat under sulfur lamp were much similar with those in natural condition.     

铸造泡沫金属的有关理论分析

本文对渗流铸造所制泡沫金属的孔隙度、比重、比表面积及最小可渗珠粒的大小进行了理论分析,并对影响金属液渗流距离的因素进行了探讨。     

21-6-9高强不锈钢管数控弯曲回弹对材料参数的敏感性

为了研究材料参数波动对21-6-9高强不锈钢管数控弯曲回弹的影响,结合多因素敏感性分析方法和弯曲-回弹全过程有限元模型,建立了高强不锈钢管弯曲回弹敏感性分析系统模型,并采用该模型研究了高强不锈钢管数控弯曲回弹对材料参数的敏感性。结果表明:回弹半径对材料参数的敏感性大于回弹角对材料参数的敏感性;强度系数是影响高强不锈钢管弯曲回弹最敏感的因素,其次分别为弹性模量、屈服强度、硬化指数和泊松比。通过研究还获得了各材料参数对回弹角和回弹半径的敏感性因子以及当各材料参数的输入值与实际值存在15%的误差时而引起回弹角和回弹半径的相对误差值。研究结果在优化试验方案以及提高弯管回弹预测能力等方面具有重要的作用。     

水平旋喷组合结构中管棚受力特点数值分析

为研究隧道预加固管棚水平旋喷桩组合结构中管棚的力学行为、管棚搭接处的受力特点,采用三维弹塑性有限元方法,对比分析在开挖过程中,管棚水平旋喷桩组合结构和超前管棚注浆结构中管棚的轴应力、剪应力、弯矩分布特点。结果表明:管棚水平旋喷桩组合结构中,钢管所受弯矩和剪应力约为超前管棚注浆结构的10%,所受轴应力约为超前管棚注浆结构的40%;钢管的受力特点与超前管棚注浆结构存在较大差异。2种结构的管棚搭接处的力学行为均较为特殊,在分析管棚水平旋喷桩组合结构中钢管的受力情况,或对超前管棚注浆结构考虑管棚搭接效应进行受力分析时,应将现有受力简化模型进行修正。     

基于多模型切换的过热汽温自适应预测控制

为了克服电厂过热汽温对象大惯性、大滞后及参数随负荷显著变化对系统控制带来的困难,采用了一种基于多模型切换的自适应预测控制策略.采用多个固定模型和2个自适应模型并行辨识过热汽温对象的动态特性.在每个采样时刻基于切换性能指标选出最优的局部模型作为当前模型,并据此设计预测控制器,从而实现全工况运行的自适应控制.同时证明了所提出的多模型控制策略可以保证闭环系统输入输出有界稳定.仿真结果表明该控制策略在大工况范围具有良好的动态调节品质和鲁棒性能.     

基于数据丢包的离散奇异脉冲系统量化控制器设计

针对离散奇异脉冲系统,在保证闭环系统稳定的基础上,考虑网络中存在的数据丢包和信号量化问题,提出了一种基于数据丢包的量化反馈控制器设计方法.首先,根据非线性奇异脉中系统的描述,建立了相应的具有丢包的闭环量化反馈控制系统的数学模型.其次,根据李亚普诺夫稳定性理论,给出了离散奇异脉冲系统的渐近稳定的充分条件以及量化反馈控制器...     

用于样本聚类和网络分析的整合鲁棒结构化NMF模型

为了更好地保留数据之间的同质性,提出了一种整合鲁棒结构化非负矩阵分解(integrated robust structured non-negative matrix factorization, iRSNMF)模型,并在该模型中引入一个结构化项.将该模型用于癌症样本聚类实验和基因共表达网络分析,以验证其有效性.根据现有文献对相关基因和通路进行生物学解释.实验结果表明,iRSNMF模型聚类性能较好并且能够挖掘到的关键基因更多.用iRSNMF模型获得的基因和通路在癌症的发病机制中起着重要作用,并为癌症诊断、治疗和预后提供了新的思路.     

新农村建设水平对山塘水管护质量影响分析

为响应国家乡村振兴战略、促进新农村建设，选取江西省九江市修水县7个具有代表性的山塘作为研究对象，对新农村建设水平(由生态建设成果、村民环保态度、村民环保意识体现)和山塘水水质管护质量(由水质溶氧量、pH值体现)开展调研。本次调研采用问卷调查与实地水质测量，利用分层抽样和随机抽样等方式收集数据。通过标准指数法对数据进行评价分析，结果显示，本次调研的7个山塘的pH值均达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002) Ⅵ类地表水要求，5个村镇的总体水质评价排序为:桃坪村、杨家坪村、潭坑村、坳头村、黄溪村。