减摇水舱台架中伺服系统的分析与校正

船舶减摇水舱试验台架是研究和设计减摇水舱的重要试验设备．为了准确模拟船舶在海浪中的横摇运动，在台架系统中采用电液力矩伺服系统来模拟海浪力矩．主要对伺服系统进行分析与校正，使电液伺服系统能够正确模拟输入的力矩信号。     

当量粘度法判断RF树脂粘合性能的探讨

通过测量在线取样的间苯二酚-甲醛树脂(以下简称RF树脂)溶液的当量粘度，来间接判断RF树脂的粘合性能。在NaOH质量分数为0．25％、反应温度为25℃的条件下，分析得出在反应时间为5h、F／R=1．8时合成的RF溶液粘合性能较好。并对此试样进行红外光谱分析，分析结果与测当量粘度结果一致，说明当量粘度法问接判定RF树脂的粘合性能的可行性，对实际生产有一定的指导意义。     

一维纳米材料中电子局域态分布

从一维纳米随机链模型出发,在考虑近邻、次近邻相互作用的情况下,运用多对角全随机厄米矩阵求解方法计算了一维纳米材料的电子局域态中心位置.针对晶界无序度和晶粒大小,讨论了材料中的电子局域态分布.研究结果表明:局域态中心位置随能量的改变而改变,并且在不同的能量范围内局域态分布不同,在某些能量范围内,能量变化很小而局域位置变化很大,电子跳跃很容易发生,而在另一些能量范围内,能量变化很大但局域位置变化很小,电子跳跃难以发生,因而直接影响材料的导电、导热等性能;晶界无序度和晶粒大小对局域态分布影响很大,当晶界无序度变小时,体系趋向有序,局域态位置随能量的变化呈一定程度的周期性;而当晶粒粒径变小时,晶界的作用增强,无序作用也相应增强,局域态增多,分布密度增大.     

Difference schemes on non-uniform mesh and their application

High order accurate schemes are needed to simulate the multi-scale complex flow fields to get fine structures in simulation of the complex flows with large gradient of fluid parameters near the wall, and schemes on non-uniform mesh are desirable for many CFD (computational fluid dynamics) workers. The construction methods of difference approximations and several difference approximations on non-uniform mesh are presented. The accuracy of the methods and the influence of stretch ratio of the neighbor mesh increment on accuracy are discussed. Some comments on these methods are given, and comparison of the accuracy of the results obtained by schemes based on both non-uniform mesh and coordinate transformation is made, and some numerical examples with non-uniform mesh are presented.     

Approaches to prediction of impact of Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction on alpine ecosystems alongside and its recovery

With the aid of the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the ecosystem pattern and fragility distribution maps of the 50-km-wide zone along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were compiled and by using the superimposition method, range, area and indexes of the impact of various engineering activities on the ecosystems alongside the railway were studied. By making reference to the ecosystem recovery process of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, mechanisms of recovery of the alpine ecosystems alongside the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were studied and extents and rates of the recovery were predicted.The results indicate that the impact of the railway engineering on the Alpine ecosystem depends mainly on how much the original surface soil in the zone has been disturbed and how fragile of the ecosystem per se. Restoration of vegetation coverage and species abundance shows a significantly reverse relationship with disturbance of the original surface soil but an extremely positive one with the length of the restoration period and mean annual precipitation and annual mean relative humidity in the period and no obvious bearings with altitude and temperature. In sections with an annual precipitation over 200mm, as long as a certain percentage of original soil is left in situ, it takes only 30 years or so for biodiversity to get basically restored to the original level after the construction is completed but at least 45-60 years or more for vegetation coverage.     

SEM analysis of the changes of carbon layer structure of mesocarbon microbeads heat-treated at different temperatures

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with narrow size distribution, excellent sphericity and no obvious conglutination have been prepared with a coal tar pitch containing quinoline insolubles (QI) as the raw material. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to examine the structure of the MCMB. It has been found that SEM technique shows the structural information of MCMB clearly in the form of micrographs even when the structure of MCMB is complex, while the optical technique is useful for analysis of the regular structure of the mesophase spheres but cannot be effectively used to analyze either the complex structure of the green MCMB or the structures of the further heat-treated ones at different temperatures. According to the characteristics of the carbon layers, the structures of the as-prepared MCMB in the present experiment could be classified as (I) Parallel Layer type structure and (2) Bent Layer type structure with the carbon layers gathering at one or two points in the MCMB. In the experiments, SEM is also utilized to investigate the structures of MCMB that are heat-treated at different temperatures. It has been found that the MCMB without any further heat-treatment show no layered-carbons, while the ones heat-treated at temperaturehigher than 1000℃ exhibit obvious layered carbons across their sections. When increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the carbon layers become thinner and flatter.     

二阶系统模糊变结构控制器设计及稳定性分析

采用滑模变结构控制时不可避免会产生抖振问题,尤其是对于那些变参数及具有不可测量持续扰动的系统,通过常规方法难以克服抖振对系统控制性能带来的不利影响。为此将模糊控制与滑模变结构控制相结合,设计了一种模糊变结控制器,既保持了变结构控制的鲁棒性及快速性,又能较好地消除抖振现象,并利用描述函数法分析了该控制系统的稳定性。最后通过一个具体的导弹变系数二阶控制系统的应用实例验证了该控制器的性能。     

基于小波变换和ANFIS模型的不规则海浪组合预报

利用小波变换对不规则海浪进行多尺度一维小波分解与重构,得到相对简单、规则的准周期分量信号,然后建立了各信号的多输入、单输出自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)预报模型,最后对预报结果进行集成。基于Matlab语言的仿真结果表明,该方法不仅降低了预报的难度,而且具有较高的预报精确度。此方法亦可用于船舶横摇、纵摇、艏摇运动的预报。     

LEO/MEO卫星通信系统ISL网络路由及切换性能研究

为了研究高度不同的卫星通信网络的路由和切换性能,采用Walkerdelta型星座构成两种非静止轨道卫星通信系统,分析和比较了LEO和MEO卫星通信网络构成特点和星间链路的俯仰角、方位角和星间链路长度变化。采用不同的路由策略以满足不同服务质量的要求,分析该策略下的卫星网络性能。设计了一种混合路由策略,综合考虑时延、时延抖动、切换和通信中断4项指标,进而比较不同高度的两种卫星网络应用不同路由策略时的性能。结果表明,混合路由策略上述服务质量的综合指标最优,该策略能够为各种用户提供不同的服务质量,提高卫星通信系统有效性和可靠性。     

地理信息系统与作战仿真的集成

分析了地理信息系统和作战仿真的共性以及地理信息系统对作战仿真的作用，提出了地理信息系统与作战仿真三种集成方式即独立模式、嵌入模式和无缝集成模式，以及三种集成模式的基本框架，并分析了各种方式的优缺点。最后讨论了集成的关键技术并对二者的集成进行了展望。