低信噪比实孔径雷达机场目标图像匹配算法

提出了一种适用于低信噪比条件下的实孔径雷达机场目标图像匹配定位算法.通过对实孔径雷达图像中机场目标的检测识别,实现匹配定位.算法包括机场跑道检测及跑道端点定位两个阶段,分别采用了线特征滤波技术及目标背景的对比度信息.首先通过线特征滤波预处理和投影变换检测机场跑道所在的直线,然后利用机场在实孔径雷达图中的结构特征,根据机场及周围背景的对比度来定位跑道端点.实验结果表明:在成像条件较差的情况下,该算法仍能保证较高的匹配定位准确度.     

液氢储存低温绝热技术研究进展

液氢储存具有单位体积储氢密度高、长距离输送成本低等优势。但液氢储存是将氢气冷却到-253℃进行液化后储存在绝热容器中,故对储存容器的低温绝热性能要求极高。本文围绕液氢储存被动绝热和主动绝热技术,通过文献调研的方式回顾了当前液氢储存低温绝热技术的研究进展,介绍了不同绝热技术的原理,比较了不同绝热技术的适用范围,分析了目前不同绝热技术中存在的瓶颈问题和不足之处,总结了各绝热技术未来的发展趋势。本文可为液氢储存低温绝热技术的发展提供参考。     

悬浮隧道管体运动对锚索涡激振动的影响规律

根据锚索式悬浮隧道的运动特性,假设锚索是两端铰接的非线性梁模型,并将管体运动简化为两自由度的质点运动,将其视作一种参数激励。考虑锚索长期处于海流环境下,其顺流向涡激力和管体横荡运动方向一致,锚索的运动响应可能会产生明显变化。建立锚索的非线性顺流向涡激振动方程,并通过Galerkin方法和Runge-Kutta方法对该方程进行求解,选取典型悬浮隧道的结构进行数值分析,结果表明：在锚索前三阶模态中,相比于一阶模态幅值,二阶和三阶模态幅值是一个很小的量,可以忽略不计;参数激励可以使锚索更快进入稳定状态,且对振动幅值的增加有显著影响;参数激励对顺流向涡激振动的影响程度与锚索顶端的端部激励幅值和频率有关。     

BRD7 regulates the insulin-signaling pathway by increasing phosphorylation of GSK3β

Reduced hepatic expression levels of bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7) have been suggested to play a role in the development of glucose intolerance in obesity. However, the molecular mechanism by which BRD7 regulates glucose metabolism has remained unclear. Here, we show that BRD7 increases phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in response to activation of the insulin receptor-signaling pathway shortly after insulin stimulation and the nutrient-sensing pathway after feeding. BRD7 mediates phosphorylation of GSK3β at the Serine 9 residue and this effect on GSK3β occurs even in the absence of AKT activity. Using both in vitro and in vivo models, we further demonstrate that BRD7 mediates phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) and leads to increased phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and, therefore, relieves its inhibition of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). However, the increase in phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 with BRD7 overexpression is blunted in the absence of AKT activity. In addition, using liver-specific BRD7 knockout (LBKO) mice, we show that BRD7 is required for mTORC1 activity on its downstream molecules. These findings show a novel basis for understanding the molecular dynamics of glucose metabolism and suggest the unique function of BRD7 in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.     

Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

A liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding (C-FSSW) technology was developed for welding AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The liquid-nitrogen cooling degraded the deformability of the welded materials such that the width of interfacial cracks increased with increasing cooling time. The grain size of the stirred zone (SZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the C-FSSW-welded joints decreased, whereas that of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) increased with increasing cooling time. The maximum tensile shear load of the C-FSSW-welded joints welded with a cooling time of 5 or 7 s was larger than that of the friction stir spot welding (FSSW)-welded joint, and the tensile shear load decreased with increasing cooling time. The microhardness of the C-FSSW-welded joints was greater than that of the FSSW-welded joint. Moreover, the microhardness of the SZ and the HAZ of the C-FSSW-welded joints increased, whereas that of the TMAZ decreased, with increasing cooling time.     

基于对应分析的冗余模糊C均值聚类算法研究

针对模糊C均值聚类（FCM）算法聚类原型最适合于球状类型簇的特点,提出了基于类间分离度和类内紧缩度加权的冗余聚类中心的FCM算法,即先将大簇或者延伸形状的簇（非凸）采用加权FCM算法分割成多个小类（冗余类）,从而规避FCM算法对初始聚类中心敏感的弱点．由于隶属度划分矩阵的元素是每个样本隶属于各冗余类的隶属度值,因此将其作为各冗余类的类特征,通过对应分析得到冗余类的新特征,再次采用加权FCM算法进行冗余类合并,最后达到分类效果．以代表曲线分割和曲面分割分类问题的3个典型数据集为算例,结果表明该方法能够识别不规则的簇,解决了FCM算法对初始聚类中心敏感的缺陷．     

直线滚动导轨考虑滑块体弹性变形时的刚度计算

本文应用赫兹（Hertz）弹性接触变形理论,以及有限元方法,分析了直线滚动导轨考虑滑块体弹性变形时的工作机理,即物理关系和几何关系,导出了承受垂直载荷时的刚度计算方法,并通过实验验证了本计算方法的有效性.     

Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O系超导体相结构和掺Mn影响的电镜研究

Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O系超导体多相同时存在,多至6相,均属四方晶系钙钛矿结构,其中(2223)(2212)相共生,其衍射谱给出c≈33A的假象.加Mn可以部分取代Tl,但增加Mn的含量将失去高温超导性.