Habitat-induced reciprocal transformation in the root phenotype of Oriental ginseng is associated with alteration in DNA methylation

Oriental ginseng is an important medicinal plant that grows in 2 major forms or ecotypes, wild and domesticated. Each form differs conspicuously in root phenotype, but can be converted from one type to another by habitat. Here we show that the habitat-induced transformation of ginseng root phenotype was accompanied by alteration in cytosine methylation at a large number of 5′-CCGG-3′ sites detected by the methylation-sensitive polymorphism (MSAP) marker. The collective CG and CHG methylation levels of all 4 landraces of the domesticated form were significantly lower than those of the wild form. Interestingly, artificially transplanted ginseng plants recreated in both directions the methylation levels (at least in CHG) of their natural counterparts. The methylation differences between the 2 ginseng ecotypes were validated at 2 isolated MSAP loci bearing homology to a 5S rRNA gene or a copia retrotransposon. Our results implicate a link between epigenetic variation and habitat-induced phenotypic flexibility in Oriental ginseng.     

Growth, photosynthesis and podophyllotoxin accumulation of Dysosma versipellis in response to a light gradient and conservation implications

Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying (Berberidaceae) is a rare and vulnerable, perennial herb endemic to China with pharmaceutical significance. Increasing habitat loss and over-exploitation of the plant has severely affected the plant’s in situ conservation, necessitating ex situ conservation and commercial cultivation. The light regime is a critical environmental factor contributing to successful ex situ conservation via efficient production of biomass and secondary metabolites. We investigated th...     

The occurrence and significance of C25HBI in Cenozoic saline lacustrine source rocks from the Western Qaidam Basin,NW China

The saline lacustrine deposit of the Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation is the main source rock for the Western Qaidam Basin,NW China.In this study,abundant highly branched isoprenoids with 25 carbon atoms (C25HBI) were detected in the upper section of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation.C25HBI is a biomarker for diatoms,and can provide information regarding biogeochemical processes during production and preservation of sedimentary organic matter.The carbon isotopic values of C25HBI in these source rocks were in the range of-18‰ to-20‰.The relative enrichment in 13C of C25HBI suggests that these isoprenoids were derived from diatom blooms.In this case,the diatoms used HCO3-as an additional carbon source to dissolved CO2 in water column due to their high biological productivity.Conversely,the diatom blooms indicated an abundant nutrient supply to the environment and high primary productivity.Thus,the occurrence of 13C-enriched C25HBI could be an ideal marker for good source rocks.The decreased concentration of CO2(aq) in the water column induced by diatom blooms can result in an enrichment in 13C of organic matter synthesized by primary producers.This may be a possible reason for the occurrence of 13C-enriched organic matter in the Cenozoic source rocks of the Western Qaidam Basin.Previous studies have shown that the high carbon number n-alkanes sourced from diatoms have no carbon preference.Hence,the sources of n-alkanes in regional source rocks are complex,and should be considered when discussing the sources of organic matter in future studies.     

Optimization model of a structural simulation design for a CICC

The engineering design of a Cable-In-Conduit Conductor (CICC) is complicated. A model for the optimal design of a CICC based on conductor stability, AC loss and strain is proposed. The model considers the critical current density as a function of applied strain. A mathematical programming method that minimizes the AC loss of the CICC is established to yield an optimal design for the CICC structure. The optimized structure and related performance agree well with the engineering design values used for the KSTAR project.     

钢筋腐蚀监测传感器设计与工程应用

基于钢筋腐蚀体积膨胀及光纤光栅测量应变的原理,设计了一种新型钢筋腐蚀监测传感器.通过室内加速腐蚀试验,建立了传感器信号与钢筋腐蚀率的定量关系;采用多目标优化方法,进行钢筋腐蚀传感器的优化布置.将该传感器埋入某码头泊位混凝土结构中并进行了测试,室内试验和工程应用表明,该传感器可用于混凝土中钢筋腐蚀监测.     

酶联免疫检测技术在水环境雌激素快速筛选中的应用研究

采用酶联免疫(ELISA)检测技术,对长江口水样和污水处理厂水样中的典型雌激素雌二醇(E2)进行分析,并与化学检测浓度进行验证比较.结果表明:ELISA的检测限可低至0.5 ng·L-1,试验的变异系数小于30％,具有较高的灵敏性和良好的重复性;ELISA检测长江口采集的水样中E2浓度范围在0.5 ng· L-1以下到0.7 ng·L-1,污水处理厂水样中E2浓度范围在2.5～11.5 ng· L-1,与液相色谱串联质谱( LC - MS/MS)的分析结果相比,相关系数R2为0.9147,表明两种方法具有良好的相关性;ELISA检测所需的水样量比LC - MS/MS更少,使用96微孔板可同时对43个样品进行检测,从而缩短了单个样品的分析时间,具有快速简便和经济适用性.     

退火温度对用PⅢ方法制备共掺杂p型ZnO薄膜结构和性能的影响

采用射频磁控共溅射的方法制备出ZnO:Al薄膜,以NO和O2为源气体(V(O2)/V(O2+NO)=75%),采用等离子体浸没离子注入(PⅢ)方法对薄膜进行注入得到ZnO:Al:N薄膜,注入剂量为2.23×1015 cm-2,并在N2氛围下对样品进行了不同温度的退火处理.通过XRD图谱、霍尔效应(Hall)测试结果、紫外-可见光透射光谱等对样品的结构和性能进行了分析,着重研究了退火温度对ZnO:Al:N薄膜性质的影响.结果表明,退火可以使注人产生的ZnO(N2)3团簇分解,并且使N以替位O的方式存在.当退火温度达到850℃时,ZnO薄膜实现了p型反转,实现p型反转的ZnO:AliN薄膜载流子浓度可达3.68×1012cm-3,电阻率为11.2 Ω·cm,霍耳迁移率为31.4 cm2·V-1·s-1.     

做详图深化设计的几点经验

钢结构这种结构形式越来越多的应用于建筑行业,钢结构深化设计近几年也不断成长、壮大.但从事深化设计的人员目前全都是机械制造、土木工程、工民建等其它各种专业.这种人员构成使他们在碰到有关钢结构方面问题,尤其是专业性很强的问题时都显得无从下手.而任何设计图纸都是设计师的作品,在有些设计方案、设计节点以及设计理念上没有固定的一种方法,图纸版面以及格式也是五花八门,很难形成一种规范.这对于深化设计人员的技术沟通和交流非常不利,对于钢结构行业大踏步的前进更是令人担忧.针对深化设计目前的瓶颈问题,作者提出了几点经验.     

做详图深化设计的几点经验

钢结构这种结构形式越来越多的应用于建筑行业,钢结构深化设计近几年也不断成长、壮大。但从事深化设计的人员目前全都是机械制造、土木工程、工民建等其它各种专业。这种人员构成使他们在碰到有关钢结构方面问题,尤其是专业性很强的问题时都显得无从下手。而任何设计图纸都是设计师的作品,在有些设计方案、设计节点以及设计理念上没有固定的一种方法,图纸版面以及格式也是五花八门,很难形成一种规范。这对于深化设计人员的技术沟通和交流非常不利,对于钢结构行业大踏步的前进更是令人担忧。针对深化设计目前的瓶颈问题,作者提出了几点经验。