基于判别分析的高速公路交通安全实时评价指标

为了实时评价交通流变化对高速公路交通事故风险的影响,利用高精度交通流数据建立了高速公路交通安全实时评价指标.提取了美国加州I-880 N高速公路上采集间隔为30 s的实时交通流数据和事故数据,采用Fisher判别分析方法建立交通流参数的线性组合,以判别危险交通流状态.该线性组合被定义为高速公路交通安全实时评价指标,当该指标小于0时,代表危险交通流状态,有发生交通事故的风险;当该指标大于0时,代表正常交通流状态,没有发生交通事故的风险.采用条件logistic回归模型进一步研究了该指标与交通事故风险之间的定量关系.研究结果表明,该指标预测事故的精度为65.7％.另外,该指标每减小1个单位,交通事故风险将提高1.8倍.     

基于出行态度的自行车通勤出行市场划分

为识别自行车通勤出行中不同出行者选择偏好的差异,针对基于出行态度的自行车通勤出行市场进行划分.根据南京市居民通勤出行问卷调查,采用结构方程模型从29个观测变量中提取出若干态度潜变量,分析了出行偏好态度变量间的相关性,并采用K-means聚类方法对自行车通勤出行市场进行划分.根据选择自行车通勤出行意愿、对固定出行时刻需求、对出行舒适度需求及环保意识4类态度变量将自行车通勤出行市场划分为6个子市场,同一子市场内个人选择自行车出行意愿近似,不同子市场间选择意愿明显不同.分析了每个子市场内个人通勤出行态度特征以及自行车方式选择特征,针对每个子市场提出了相应政策以引导自行车通勤出行方式的选择.     

柔性LED灯丝的发展进程与展望

柔性LED灯丝是一种新型的LED光源,将多颗倒装芯片串联封装在柔性透明基板制备成可任意弯曲与拉伸的灯丝,实现360°全角度发光。解决了刚性LED灯丝吸光、可塑性差、结构复杂、制造繁琐等问题,使LED灯丝得到进一步的应用与推广,推动了LED灯丝灯的发展。综述了柔性LED灯丝在封装结构、封装材料、封装工艺、散热技术等方面研究状况,对实际研究和应用有一定的指导意义。     

New crystal structure of molecular complex 1-piperidine carboxylate-piperidinium-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O studied by X-ray single crystal diffraction

Piperidine absorbs CO2 and H2O in air to form a molecular complex： piperidium-l-piperidinecarboxylate-H2O. The structure of the complex was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure was determined to be triclinic, space group P1^-with a=0.648 6（8） nm, b=0.809 200） nm, c= 1.357 1（16） nm, a=96.96706）°, β =102.506（15）°,γ=104.202 05）°, Z=2. The complex is stabilized via five hydrogen bonds between the three components, N-O electrostatic interaction and O-O interaction （electron transfer） betweenl-piperidinecarboxylate and H2O. Due to electron transference of carbamate ion, the oxygen atom in water molecule is strongly negatively charged and the O-H bond is considerably shorter than that of the free molecule of water. The formation of the molecular complex is a reversible process and will decompose upon heating. The mechanism of formation and stabilization is further investigated herein.     

时间反演联合接收端人工噪声的安全传输方案

针对时间反演(time reversal, TR)技术无法较好地解决聚焦区内非法用户窃听的问题,提出了一种TR技术联合接收端人工噪声的物理层安全传输方案。首先,利用时间反演技术的空时聚焦性提高合法用户接收端的信噪比(signal to noise ratio, SNR)。其次,通过在接收端加入人工噪声来干扰非法用户对合法用户保密信息的窃听,以聚焦区内外系统安全性能为基础,推导出保密信干噪比(signal to interference plus noise ratio, SINR)、可达保密速率和误码率(bit error rate, BER)的解析表达式。最后,通过仿真分析证明了所提方案能提高系统的SINR和可达保密速率,同时还能降低合法用户的BER,使系统拥有更好的安全性能。     

基于蚁群算法的FMS工艺路线的优化配置

柔性制造系统在工业发展中的作用越来越大,而如何使柔性制造系统发挥最大的功效则是现阶段面临的一个主要问题。文章基于蚁群思想,提出了一种融合网格法的蚁群算法来求解柔性制造系统工艺路线优化配置的方法。算例结果证明,该算法能使系统设备工作负荷达到均衡,从而提高系统工作效率。     

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator—emerging regulator of cancer

Mutations of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) cause cystic fibrosis, the most common life-limiting recessive genetic disease among Caucasians. CFTR mutations have also been linked to increased risk of various cancers but remained controversial for a long time. Recent studies have begun to reveal that CFTR is not merely an ion channel but also an important regulator of cancer development and progression with multiple signaling pathways identified. In this review, we will first present clinical findings showing the correlation of genetic mutations or aberrant expression of CFTR with cancer incidence in multiple cancers. We will then focus on the roles of CFTR in fundamental cellular processes including transformation, survival, proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in cancer cells, highlighting the signaling pathways involved. Finally, the association of CFTR expression levels with patient prognosis, and the potential of CFTR as a cancer prognosis indicator in human malignancies will be discussed.     

Exome sequencing of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma

Opisthorchis viverrini-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a fatal bile duct cancer, is a major public health concern in areas endemic for this parasite. We report here whole-exome sequencing of eight O. viverrini-related tumors and matched normal tissue. We identified and validated 206 somatic mutations in 187 genes using Sanger sequencing and selected 15 genes for mutation prevalence screening in an additional 46 individuals with CCA (cases). In addition to the known cancer-related genes TP53 (mutated in 44.4% of cases), KRAS (16.7%) and SMAD4 (16.7%), we identified somatic mutations in 10 newly implicated genes in 14.8-3.7% of cases. These included inactivating mutations in MLL3 (in 14.8% of cases), ROBO2 (9.3%), RNF43 (9.3%) and PEG3 (5.6%), and activating mutations in the GNAS oncogene (9.3%). These genes have functions that can be broadly grouped into three biological classes: (i) deactivation of histone modifiers, (ii) activation of G protein signaling and (iii) loss of genome stability. This study provides insight into the mutational landscape contributing to O. viverrini-related CCA.     

A genome-wide association study in Chinese men identifies three risk loci for non-obstructive azoospermia

Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is one of the most severe forms of male infertility. Its pathophysiology is largely unknown, and few genetic influences have been defined. To identify common variants contributing to NOA in Han Chinese men, we performed a three-stage genome-wide association study of 2,927 individuals with NOA and 5,734 controls. The combined analyses identified significant (P < 5.0 × 10(-8)) associations between NOA risk and common variants near PRMT6 (rs12097821 at 1p13.3: odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, P = 5.7 × 10(-10)), PEX10 (rs2477686 at 1p36.32: OR = 1.39, P = 5.7 × 10(-12)) and SOX5 (rs10842262 at 12p12.1: OR = 1.23, P = 2.3 × 10(-9)). These findings implicate genetic variants at 1p13.3, 1p36.32 and 12p12.1 in the etiology of NOA in Han Chinese men.     

Frequent mutations of chromatin remodeling genes in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common type of bladder cancer. Here we sequenced the exomes of nine individuals with TCC and screened all the somatically mutated genes in a prevalence set of 88 additional individuals with TCC with different tumor stages and grades. In our study, we discovered a variety of genes previously unknown to be mutated in TCC. Notably, we identified genetic aberrations of the chromatin remodeling genes (UTX, MLL-MLL3, CREBBP-EP300, NCOR1, ARID1A and CHD6) in 59% of our 97 subjects with TCC. Of these genes, we showed UTX to be altered substantially more frequently in tumors of low stages and grades, highlighting its potential role in the classification and diagnosis of bladder cancer. Our results provide an overview of the genetic basis of TCC and suggest that aberration of chromatin regulation might be a hallmark of bladder cancer.