桩极限承载力的Usher模型预测

为深化对桩承载性能的认识,选用生物领域的Usher生长曲线模型,对桩的桩顶荷载-桩顶沉降曲线(即Q-s曲线)进行拟合,并对其极限承载力进行预测.给出了Usher模型的建立与求解,并用于分析3根试桩(包括2根灌注桩、1根钢管桩)的实测资料.结果表明:Usher模型对3种类型的Q-s曲线有高的拟合精度;该模型拟合效果优于双曲线模型,特别是在曲线的末端;利用这些拟合方程式能对3种桩的极限承载力进行预测.     

螺旋碳纤维化学镀镍及其电磁参数研究

采用化学镀法,以联氨作为还原剂,在螺旋碳纤维表面沉积金属镍,获得一种新的复合功能材料。通过SEM和EDX能谱分析,碳纤维基体上包覆了一层致密均匀而且连续的纯金属镍层,没有引入其它杂质元素。通过对样品在2~18 GHz范围内的电磁参数进行分析讨论,可知表面金属化一定程度上提高了样品的介电损耗,尤其在10~18 GHz有较大增幅,最大达到了35.2左右,表面金属化对样品的电阻率产生了不可忽略的影响,并且在低频处复合材料的电磁损耗都较纯基体材料有较大提高。     

Deep-water steel sheet pile cofferdam back cover summary

文章以广州市南沙区凤凰一桥主墩钢板桩围堰封底施工为例,总结了在深水软弱地质条件下钢板桩围堰封底的施工技术,以供同行参考.     

高铬铸铁锤式破碎机锤头的研制及耐磨性的提高

本文介绍了15—2—1高铬铸铁锤式破碎机锤头的研制和使用情况,对提高其耐磨性的热处理工艺进行了对比试验.结果表明,高铬铸铁锤头经二次硬化热处理(1100℃×100min+540℃×2hr)后,寿命可比普通铸铁锤头提高10.7倍,比常规“最佳” 硬化处理的高铬铸铁锤头提高0.59倍.使用这种锤头,可使材料消耗降低到原来的26%,同时减少了更换次数,提高了生产率.     

基于协处理器的无线传感器网络MAC设计

提出了一种基于协处理器的媒介访问控制(MAC)体系结构.将不同MAC协议的信道争用机制映射为协处理器内部的软件程序.其特点是兼容IEEE802.15.4协议,利用可编程协处理器增强MAC的可重用性,能支持自适应睡眠媒介访问挖制(S-MAC)、超时媒介访问控制(T-MAC)等无线传感器网络MAC协议.阐述了基于协处理器实现避免冲突的载波侦听多路访问(CSMA-CA)算法、S-MAC和T-MAC协议的方法.并在此基础上分析了CSMA-CA算法的软件时延.在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)上实现整个MAC,实际测试结果表明:该MAC支持多协议,数据传输速率达20～250 Kbit/s,适应IEEE802.15.4协议要求.面积仅为30 567个等效门.     

Using Fundamental Economic Structures to Estimate Chinese Regional Input-Output Tables

The estimation of regional input-output tables is well discussed in the literature and a large variety of methods exist. In this paper we will use the concept of fundamental economic structure （FES） to estimate the matrix of intermediate deliveries for some ＂missing＂ region（s）. Furthermore, the estimates will be compared with the estimates obtained from ＂traditional＂ estimating techniques, including regionalization on the basis of the national table, and borrowing coefficients from similar regions. The results show FES is very helpful for compiling regional tables of China.     

Zebrafish miR-214 modulates Hedgehog signaling to specify muscle cell fate

Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have been discovered in the genomes of higher eukaryotes, and functional studies indicate that they are important during development. However, little is known concerning the function of individual miRNAs. We approached this problem in zebrafish by combining identification of miRNA expression, functional analyses and experimental validation of potential targets. We show that miR-214 is expressed during early segmentation stages in somites and that varying its expression alters the expression of genes regulated by Hedgehog signaling. Inhibition of miR-214 results in a reduction or loss of slow-muscle cell types. We show that su(fu) mRNA, encoding a negative regulator of Hedgehog signaling, is targeted by miR-214. Through regulation of su(fu), miR-214 enables precise specification of muscle cell types by sharpening cellular responses to Hedgehog.     

Variation in FTO contributes to childhood obesity and severe adult obesity

We identified a set of SNPs in the first intron of the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene on chromosome 16q12.2 that is consistently strongly associated with early-onset and severe obesity in both adults and children of European ancestry with an experiment-wise P value of 1.67 x 10(-26) in 2,900 affected individuals and 5,100 controls. The at-risk haplotype yields a proportion of attributable risk of 22% for common obesity. We conclude that FTO contributes to human obesity and hence may be a target for subsequent functional analyses.     

Estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene amplification is frequent in breast cancer

Using an Affymetrix 10K SNP array to screen for gene copy number changes in breast cancer, we detected a single-gene amplification of the ESR1 gene, which encodes estrogen receptor alpha, at 6q25. A subsequent tissue microarray analysis of more than 2,000 clinical breast cancer samples showed ESR1 amplification in 20.6% of breast cancers. Ninety-nine percent of tumors with ESR1 amplification showed estrogen receptor protein overexpression, compared with 66.6% cancers without ESR1 amplification (P < 0.0001). In 175 women who had received adjuvant tamoxifen monotherapy, survival was significantly longer for women with cancer with ESR1 amplification than for women with estrogen receptor-expressing cancers without ESR1 amplification (P = 0.023). Notably, we also found ESR1 amplification in benign and precancerous breast diseases, suggesting that ESR1 amplification may be a common mechanism in proliferative breast disease and a very early genetic alteration in a large subset of breast cancers.     

The Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome protein mediates translational activation of ribosomes in yeast

The autosomal recessive disorder Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, characterized by bone marrow failure and leukemia predisposition, is caused by deficiency of the highly conserved Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome (SBDS) protein. Here, we identify the function of the yeast SBDS ortholog Sdo1, showing that it is critical for the release and recycling of the nucleolar shuttling factor Tif6 from pre-60S ribosomes, a key step in 60S maturation and translational activation of ribosomes. Using genome-wide synthetic genetic array mapping, we identified multiple TIF6 gain-of-function alleles that suppressed the pre-60S nuclear export defects and cytoplasmic mislocalization of Tif6 observed in sdo1Delta cells. Sdo1 appears to function within a pathway containing elongation factor-like 1, and together they control translational activation of ribosomes. Thus, our data link defective late 60S ribosomal subunit maturation to an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome associated with leukemia predisposition.