Model evaluations for winter orographic clouds with observations

The Real-Time Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation (RT-FDDA) system is used for orographic snowpack enhancement.The model has three nested domains with the grid spacing of 18,6 and 2 km.To evaluate the simulations of winter orographic clouds and precipitation,comparisons are made between model simulations and observations to determine how the model simulates the cloud distribution,cloud height,cloud vertical profiles and snow precipitation.The simulated results of the 02:00 UTC cycling with 2-km resolution are used in the comparison.The observations include SNOTEL,ceilometer,sounding and satellite data,from the ground to air.The verification of these observations indicates that the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) RT-FDDA system provides good simulations.It is better to use data within the forecast period of 2-16 h simulations.Although the horizontal wind component near the ground has some bias,and the simulated clouds are a little higher and have a little more coverage than observed,the simulated precipitation is a little weaker than observed.The results of the comparison show that the WRF RT-FDDA model provides good simulations and can be used in orographic cloud seeding.     

Salicylic acid and ethylene signaling pathways are involved in production of rice trypsin proteinase inhibitors induced by the leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis （Guenee）

The roles of signaling pathways in the production of trypsin proteinase inhibitors (TrypPIs) in rice infested by the leaf folder (LF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were studied. Infestation by LF increased TrypPI levels in the leaves of rice plants at the tillering, booting and flowering stages but decreased TrypPI levels at the ripening stage; TrypPI levels in rice stems did not increase at any developmental stage. Infestation by LF at the tillering stage systemically increased TrypPI levels in leaves but not in stems; it also enhanced salicylic acid (SA) levels in leaves and stems, and the ethylene level released from plants. However, LF infestation did not increase JA concentrations. Exogenous application of SA or ethylene enhanced TrypPI levels in the leaves and stems of plants at the tillering stage, whereas treatment with both SA and ethylene induced lower levels of TrypPIs than treatment with SA or ethylene alone, suggesting an antagonistic effect of SA and ethylene on TrypPIs induction. The results suggest that both SA and ethylene signaling pathways are involved in the production of TrypPIs in rice induced by LF; moreover, the antagonistic effect of SA and ethylene may explain the changes in TrypPI levels seen at different plant developmental stages and in different organs.     

大方坯连铸跨结晶器电磁搅拌的数值模拟

借助有限元分析软件ANSYS,在电流为600A,频率为2Hz条件下,对大方坯跨结晶器电磁搅拌进行了数值分析·实验结果和模拟结果对比表明,试验结果和数值模拟结果基本相符·重点分析了不同的电流和频率下,铸坯中心磁场强度和节点电磁力的变化规律,结果表明:铸坯中心磁场强度、节点电磁力随电流增大而增加,也随频率增加而增加,在8Hz时达到最大值·     

皖南山区环境地质特征与滑坡地质灾害防治

文章以皖南山区环境地质特征、岩土体组成及其工程性质研究为基础,从人类工程活动与地质环境的互馈作用分析入手,探讨区域环境工程地质作用规律,对滑坡等地质灾害的发生及发展趋势进行预测;研究表明,对地质生态环境防护和塑造人地和谐的人类生存环境及保证区域经济、社会和环境可持续发展战略具有重要意义。     

动态贝叶斯网精确推理中联合树算法的改进

基于动态贝叶斯网络处理动态不确定性问题的过程中推理是非常重要的,而推理算法的优劣决定推理的执行效率;文章在分析联合树性质的基础上提出一种较简单的3/2片联合树算法,该算法不需要限制消去顺序且只作一次扩展;讨论了算法的复杂度,并作了试验比较。     

轴对称辐射传递逆问题的三种求解算法比较

针对轴对称光学薄火焰,用图像探测器和滤色片获得火焰的单色辐射图像,根据火焰的单色辐射强度,分别采用最小二乘法、正则化方法和线性规划法对辐射传递逆问题进行了求解.对一个轴对称乙烯扩散火焰进行实验检测,通过对三种求解方法的结果比较,表明对辐射强度较高的火焰中部和上部区域,三种方法均可获得较好的重建结果;而对于辐射强度较低的火焰下部区域,由于线性规划法同时具有光滑性和约束性的优点,可以获得较好重建结果,它对求解轴对称辐射传递逆问题是一种比较理想的算法.     

多波长光谱法检测乙烯火焰中温度和碳黑生成

提出用光谱仪测量轴对称扩散火焰在800~950 nm波长范围的单色辐射强度,用阿贝尔逆变换从单色辐射强度中求解出源项H,再根据火焰复折射率函数与波长的关系,从源项H中同时计算出火焰温度和碳黑体积分数.光谱仪用黑体炉进行标定,对乙烯扩散火焰中部和上部的进行了检测,给出了火焰温度和碳黑体积份额沿半径的分布,检测结果与光学法相比具有较小误差,表明该方法是可行的.     

个性心理特征与干部的考核任用

个性心理特征是人的气质、性格和能力的集中体现。在干部的考核任用工作中,既要为每个岗位选择最合适的干部,又要为每个干部找到最合适的岗位。要使干部的聪明才智与学识技能在工作中得以充分的发挥,就必须重视考察测评干部的个性心理特征。     

群决策的交互式TOPSIS方法及其应用

建立了一种多轮交互逐步逼近满意解的多属性群体决策的综合方法,对决策方案采用扩展的 TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution)法进行定性评价排序,以克服一类难以建立解析模型,分析求解困难的多属性群决策问题;设计了群体满意度等软指标来分析计算,判断群体一致性的达成,最终得出群体满意的方案排序.通过应用实例,说明了该方法的有效性和可行性,初步提出了可作为建立一类实际的群决策支持系统的方法和技术框架.     

激光诱导残余应力的试验

对激光诱导残余应力的机理进行了分析研究.用波长1.06μm、脉宽23 ns、功率密度108~109W/cm2的脉冲激光冲击外形尺寸为30 mm×30 mm×5.5 mm的LY12CZ试样,研究了激光能量密度和冲击次数对残余应力分布的影响,并将激光诱导的残余应力与传统的机械喷丸形成的残余应力进行比较.结果表明:残余压应力随着激光能量密度的加大而加大,残余压应力层的深度随着冲击次数的增加而增加,激光诱导的残余压应力层的深度是传统机械喷丸形成的3~4倍.