High-resolution sedimentary record of hydrocarbon contaminants in a core from the major reaches of the Pearl River,China

The concentrations and compositions of hydrocarbon contaminants, and molecular marker indices in modern sediments from a core in the major reaches of the Pearl River were investigated. The sedimentary record of hydrocarbons in the core, in combination with²¹⁰Pb-dating, was used to reconstruct the pollution history of hydrocarbon pollutants in the Pearl River in the past 100 years.

     

活性炭固定床吸附SO_2的机理及动力学研究

研究以活性炭吸附SO2为主要研究对象,对活性炭固定床脱硫过程的机理和脱硫的动力学特征进行了分析研究,并以Freundlich吸附等温线为模型,计算出了反应速率常数和反应级数,为其工业应用提供了技术参考.     

Immature crude oils in the salt lake depositional environment are related to organic matter precipitated at stage of carbonate in salt lake sedimentation sequences

The present paper studies the mineralogy and geochemistry of a geological section in Jianghan basin. Widely distributed immature oils in this basin have been shown to relate to the carbonate depositional stage of salt lake sedimentation cycle. It is concluded that only when the content of organic carbon in the rocks is taken into account, is it meaningful to calculate the immature oil in the source rocks.     

A new method to reconstruct hydrocarbon-generating histories of source rocks in a petroleum-bearing basin——the method of geological and geochemical sections

Via investigating typical Palaeozoic and Mesozoic petroleum-bearing basins in China by using thermal maturation theories of organic matter to improve the conventional Karweil's method,a new method to reconstruct hydrocarbon-generating histories of source rocks has been suggested.This method, combining geological background with geochemical information makes the calculated VRo closer to the measured one. Moreover, it enables us to make clear the hydrocarbon generation trend of source rocks during geological history. The method has the merits of simple calculation and objective presentation, especially suitable to basins whose sedimentation and tectonic movements are complicated.     

Sorption and desorption of 1,4-dichlorobenzene on peat

Sorption and desorption of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB) on peat (>92% organic matter)display large-scale hysteresis and nonlinearity. The magnitude of desorption hysteresis decreases in the order: untreated Pahokee peat (P)>acid treated peat (FP)>humin (TP). The desorption percentages are lower than 28% of the sorbed 1, 4-DCB after desorbing for 6 days. The sorption and desorption isotherms are well fitted to Freundlich equation, whose parameter 1/n ranges from 0.055 to 0.527. Moreover, the parameter 1/n of the desorption isotherm is significantly lower than that of the sorption isotherm, but the parameter IogK increases on contrary to 1/n. The desorption isotherms are very well fitted to Langmuir equation, whose Qm decreases in the order: TP>FP>P.The apparent partition coefficients (Kp) increase with increasing sorption time or decreasing aqueous equilibrium concentration of DCB. And Kp of P is significantly higher than that of FP or TP.     

Sequential extraction and compositional analysis of oil-bearing fluid inclusions in reservoir rocks from Kuche Depression, Tarim Basin

The free oils, adsorbed oils and oil-bearing fluid inclusions have been extracted separately and analyzed by GC and GC-MS in reservoir rock samples collected from the Kuche Depression. The results demonstrate that the molecular compositions of oil-bearing fluid inclusions are significantly different from those of the free oils (the current oils). Compared with the current oil, the oil-bearing fluid inclusions are characterized by relatively high values of parameters Pr/nC17and Ph/nC18, low values of Pr/Ph, hopanes/steranes, C30-diahopane/C30-hopane and Ts/Tm, low content of C29Ts terpane and high maturities as indicated by C29 steranes 20S/(20R+20S). In addition, the oil-bearing fluid inclusions correlate very well with the oils in northern and central Tarim Basin, which were derived from Cambrian-Ordovician marine source rocks. The adsorbedoils appear to be an intermediate type between free oils and oil-bearing fluid inclusions. The above analytical data indicate that there are at least two oil-charging episodes for these reservoir rock samples. The early charging oils were derived from Cambrian-Ordovician marine source rocks, and the later charging oils, from Triassic-Jurassic terrestrial source rocks. The primary marine oils were overwhelmingly diluted by the following terrestrial oils.     

Precambrian organic matter

The late progress of the research on Precambrian organic matter in biomarkers, isotopes and relative analytical techniques is reviewed. The key problems in the research of Precambrian organic matter, such as indigenous test of soluble organic matter, are also discussed. At the end, the further work upon Precambrian organic matter is suggested.     

稠油减压渣油中镍的分布及其在热转化过程中的变化

将辽河欢喜岭稠油的减压渣油在16种不同的反应条件下进行热转化,考察了残渣油中镍的分布,讨论了裂化残渣戊烷可溶质及其色谱组分中镍的脱除率与反应温度及反应时间的变化规律。对部分裂化残渣油的戊烷可溶质采用硅胶吸附色谱法,将其分离成含有弱极性非卟啉镍、强极性非卟啉镍三个组分,考察了它们在热转化过程中的变化。研究结果认为,采用热转化和溶剂脱沥青相结合,可脱除脱沥青油中的大部分金属镍。弱极性非卟啉镍的脱除率最大,而强极性非卟啉镍和卟啉镍的脱除率较低。本文还对含镍组分的热转化反应动力学进行了探讨。     

多重p-i-n a-Si太阳电池

一种新型的a-si太阳电池已被研制出。该种电池是由多重p-i-n单元电池组成,其开路电压V_oc几乎和p-i-n单元数成正比。     

Geochemical significance of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds in various kinds of crude oils from the Tarim Basin

This is a report of the differences in abundances of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds and distribution of alkylated carbazoles among various oils from the Tarim Basin. At the same time, their geochemical significance is discussed.