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161.
Water isotope variations in the snow pack and summer precipitation at July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
ZHOU ShiQiao NAKAWO Masayoshi SAKAI Akiko MATSUDA Yoshihiro DUAN KeQin PU JianChen 《科学通报(英文版)》2007,52(21):2963-2972
This paper presents the stable isotope data of the snow pack and summer precipitation collected at the July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China and analyses their relationships with meteorologi- cal factors. On an event scale, there is no temperature effect on the δ 18O values in the summer pre- cipitation, whereas the amount effect is shown to be clear. By tracing the moisture transport history and comparing the precipitation with its isotopic composition, it is shown that this amount effect not only reflects the change in moisture trajectory, which is related to the monsoon activities, but is also associated with the cooling degree of vapor in the cloud, the evaporation of falling raindrops and the isotopic exchange between the falling drops and the atmospheric vapor. As very little precipitation occurs in winter, the snow pack profile mainly represents the precipitation in the other three seasons. There are low precipitation δ 18O ratios in summer and high ratios in spring and autumn. The Meteoric Water Line (MLW) for the summer precipitation is δ D = 7.6 δ 18O 13.3, which is similar to that at Delingha, located in the south rim of the Qilian Mountains. The MWL for the snow pack is δ D = 10.4 δ 18O 41.4, showing a large slope and intercept. The deuterium excess (d) of the snow pack is positively correlated with δ 18O, indicating that both d and δ 18O decrease from spring to summer and increase from early autumn to early spring. This then results in the high slope and intercept of the MWL. Sea- sonal fluctuations of d in the snow pack indicate the change of moisture source and trajectory. During spring and autumn, the moisture originates from continental recycling or rapid evaporation over rela- tively warm water bodies like Black, Caspian and Aral Seas when the dry westerly air masses pass over them, hence very high d values in precipitation are formed. During summer, the monsoon is responsi- ble for the low d values. This indicates that the monsoon can reach the western part of the Qilian Mountains. 相似文献
162.
Reconfiguration planning is recognized as an important factor for reducing the cost of manufacturing reconfigurable products, and the associated main task is to generate a set of optimal or near-optimal reconfiguration sequences using some effect algorithms. A method is developed to generate a Petri net as the reconfiguration tree to represent two-state-transit of product, which solved the representation problem of reconfiguring interfaces replacement. Relating with this method, two heuristic algorithms are proposed to generate task sequences which considering economics to search reconfiguration paths effectively. At last, an objective evaluation is applied to compare these two heuristic algorithms to other ones. The developed reconfiguration task planning heuristic algorithms can generate better strategies and plans for reconfiguration. The research finds are exemplified with struts reconfiguration of reconfigurable parallel kinematics machine (RPKM). 相似文献
163.
Modeling Mixed Traffic Flow at Crosswalks in Micro-Simulations Using Cellular Automata 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The cellular automata (CA) micro-simulation model was used to describe the behavior of the mixed traffic flows at crosswalks where the pedestrians compete with the vehicles to cross the roadway. The focus of this paper is the behavior of pedestrians and the influence of pedestrians’ behavior on the vehicle flow, pedestrian flows, and the vehicle waiting time. The proportion of pedestrians who do not obey traffic laws, the group effect, and expected waiting time of pedestrians, regarded as the most important pedestrian characteristics, are taken into consideration in the analysis. Simulation results show the ability of the micro-simulation to capture the most important features of mixed traffic flow. 相似文献
164.
杆体可回收锚杆锚固性能分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
塑料锚头、金属可回收杆体,在锚固端能够提供足够大的胀锚力。在完成支护任务后,杆体可回收复用以降低支护材料成本。为了分析其锚固作用,应用ANSYS软件,对其锚固性能进行了数值计算。分析结果说明,该锚杆具有恒阻让压特性,能够有效支护围岩。 相似文献
165.
166.
神经外科手术中动脉与呼气末二氧化碳分压差稳定性的观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
观察神经外科手术过程中动脉和呼气末二氧化碳分压差值(Pa-ETCO2)的稳定性。对30例幕上肿瘤行择期肿瘤切除术的患者,于硬脑膜打开后,给予安氟醚1.1~1.5MAC,将动脉内压维持在每小时10±0.67kPa。分别于麻醉前、气管插管后5min、开颅后5min、术中降压1h和术终抽取动脉血行血气分析。对开颅超过3h的14例患者,则于3h后再抽取1次动脉血样,同时记录呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)。在手术过程中PaCO2平均值为4.21±0.77kPa,PETCO2平均值为3.86±0.66kPa,Pa-ETCO2平均值为0.33±0.66kPa,PaCO2与PETCO2显著相关(P<0.01)。PaCO2、PETCO2和Pa-ETCO2不同时间点之间无显著性差异。如能在麻醉后及早确定Pa-CO2与PETCO2差值,术中监测PETCO2仍有一定价值 相似文献
167.
本文对激光驱动气相合成超细微粉的反应条件与反应过程的关系作了讨论和分析,探讨了提高生成率的途径。 相似文献
168.
阐述了房地产业发展状况及郑州行业背景,对郑州市房地产发展进行了客观、全面的评价,分析了郑州市房地产预警的重要意义,针对存在的一些问题提出了郑州市房地产预警的相关政策建议。 相似文献
169.
通过实际资料,详细论述了南村的地质灾害现状,初步分析了南村地质灾害的形成机理,并讨论了校区地质灾害应采取的防治对策。 相似文献
170.
农业问题和粮食问题既是改革的起点,又是改革的重点和难点,新时期流通体制改革和购销工作的重中之重是:敞开收购农民余粮,顺价销售,收购资金封闭运行,即所谓“三项政策,一项改革”。文章就这三项政策的内部关系,结合农发行工作实际,对实现收购资金封闭运行提出一些见解及构想。 相似文献