铜绿微囊藻营养动力学研究

铜绿微囊藻是中国湖泊，水库及其他水域生太系统发生，形成富营养化危害的主要藻类。营养盐磷含量及不同温度对铜绿微囊藻生长效应的实验结果表明，氮含量２０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－＾１条件下，该藻的内禀增长率和生物量随培养液中磷浓度０；０．００１８；０．０１８；０．１８和１．８ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－＾１的升而增加。同时，实验也揭示了细胞内和细胞外高浓度磷营养盐的促进机理。这些结果较好地说明洋河水库的铜绿微囊藻种群从早春到晚秋持续     

苯并咪唑类衍生物的合成研究

针对新型药物中间体的Ｎ－甲基－２－（４－乙酰苯基）－５－硝基苯并咪唑的合成进行了研究。通过１－Ｎ－甲基－４－硝基－１，２－苯二胺和４－乙酰基苯甲酸之间的缩合关环反应成功地合成了这一产物，借助ＩＲ、￣１ＨＮＭＲ、ＭＳ等分析方法证实了其结构。     

Sequence of Plasmodium falciparum chromosomes 2, 10, 11 and 14

The mosquito-borne malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum kills an estimated 0.7-2.7 million people every year, primarily children in sub-Saharan Africa. Without effective interventions, a variety of factors-including the spread of parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs and the increasing insecticide resistance of mosquitoes-may cause the number of malaria cases to double over the next two decades. To stimulate basic research and facilitate the development of new drugs and vaccines, the genome of Plasmodium falciparum clone 3D7 has been sequenced using a chromosome-by-chromosome shotgun strategy. We report here the nucleotide sequences of chromosomes 10, 11 and 14, and a re-analysis of the chromosome 2 sequence. These chromosomes represent about 35% of the 23-megabase P. falciparum genome.     

焊接电弧中电磁力的分析

在电焊过程中,焊接电弧中产生的电磁力对焊缝的熔深,熔池的搅拌,熔滴过渡以及焊缝成形等都有直接影响。本文分析了电弧中电磁力对焊接过程中熔滴过渡的影响,并且讨论了:(1) 圆柱形固态焊条内电磁力;(2) 球形液态熔滴内电磁力在几种情况下对熔滴向熔池过渡的影响;(3) 圆台体气态电弧内电磁压力的作用。     

The temporal requirement for endothelin receptor-B signalling during neural crest development

Endothelin receptor B (EDNRB) is a G-protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains which is required for the development of melanocytes and enteric neurons. Mice that are homozygous for a null mutation in the Ednrb gene are almost completely white and die as juveniles from megacolon. To determine when EDNRB signalling is required during embryogenesis, we have exploited the tetracycline-inducible system to generate strains of mice in which the endogenous Ednrb locus is under the control of the tetracycline-dependant transactivators tTa or rtTA. By using this system to express Ednrb at different stages of embryogenesis, we have determined that EDNRB is required during a restricted period of neural crest development between embryonic days 10 and 12.5. Moreover, our results imply that EDNRB is required for the migration of both melanoblasts and enteric neuroblasts.     

Epithelial antimicrobial peptides: innate local host response elements

Multicellular organisms have to survive in an environment laden with numerous microorganisms, which represent a potential hazard to life. Different strategies have been developed to ward off infections by preventing microorganisms from entering surfaces and by preventing the attack of microorganisms that have already entered the epithelia. Therefore, it is not surprising that epithelia are equipped with various antimicrobial substances that act rapidly to kill a broad range of microorganisms. This review summarizes our present knowledge about epithelial peptide antibiotics produced in plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates including humans. There is now strong evidence that in addition to constitutively secreted peptide antibiotics, others are induced upon contact with microorganisms or by proinflammatory cytokines. beta-Defensins represent one family of vertebrate antimicrobial peptides, members of which are inducible and have recently been identified in humans. The defensin-characteristic local expression pattern may indicate that specialized surfaces express a characteristic surface antimicrobial peptide pattern that might define the characteristic microflora as well as the density of microorganisms present on the surface.     

Spastin, a new AAA protein, is altered in the most frequent form of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia

Autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia (AD-HSP) is a genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive spasticity of the lower limbs. Among the four loci causing AD-HSP identified so far, the SPG4 locus at chromosome 2p2-1p22 has been shown to account for 40-50% of all AD-HSP families. Using a positional cloning strategy based on obtaining sequence of the entire SPG4 interval, we identified a candidate gene encoding a new member of the AAA protein family, which we named spastin. Sequence analysis of this gene in seven SPG4-linked pedigrees revealed several DNA modifications, including missense, nonsense and splice-site mutations. Both SPG4 and its mouse orthologue were shown to be expressed early and ubiquitously in fetal and adult tissues. The sequence homologies and putative subcellular localization of spastin suggest that this ATPase is involved in the assembly or function of nuclear protein complexes.     

Coordination of agonist-induced Ca2+-signalling patterns by NAADP in pancreatic acinar cells

Many hormones and neurotransmitters evoke Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, often triggering agonist-specific signatures of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) and cyclic adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribose (cADPR) are established Ca2+-mobilizing messengers that activate Ca2+ release through intracellular InsP3 and ryanodine receptors, respectively. However, in pancreatic acinar cells, neither messenger can explain the complex pattern of Ca2+ signals triggered by the secretory hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). We show here that the Ca2+-mobilizing molecule nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), an endogenous metabolite of beta-NADP, triggers a Ca2+ response that varies from short-lasting Ca2+ spikes to a complex mixture of short-lasting (1-2s) and long-lasting (0.2-1 min) Ca2+ spikes. Cells were significantly more sensitive to NAADP than to either cADPR or InsP3, whereas higher concentrations of NAADP selectively inactivated CCK-evoked Ca2+ signals in pancreatic acinar cells, indicating that NAADP may function as an intracellular messenger in mammalian cells.     

从一节课的设计谈培养学生的创新能力

分析了传统数学教学在培养学生创新能力方面的不足，指出如何培养学生的创新能力，并设计了一节课予以示范。