Nanoengineering of amino - functionalized mesoporous silica nanospheres as nanoreactors

Selective functionalization of mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) is crucial for nanoengineering of MSNs. Herein, we have combined “surface-protected etching strategy” and “cationic surfactant assisted etching strategy” to prepare functionalized MSNs with externally attached amino groups. The externally attached NH2 groups endow the catalysts with excellent catalytic performance for nitroaldol reaction between nitromethane and benzaldehyde. In addition, those NH2-MSNs can also be used to support gold nanoparticles, which display very good catalytic performance for reduction of 4-nitrophenol. It can be envisioned that the synthesis protocol developed in this work could also be extended to nanoengineered MSNs, which provides opportunities for nanoreactors design.     

Novel multiferroicity in orthorhombic SmCrO3

This paper reports the ferroelectricity in antiferromagnetic SmCrO_3 with a reasonably large value of spontaneous electric polarization(70μC/cm~2mC cm~(-2)at 50 K)based on the measurement of pyroelectric current.The experimental results showed that the temperature of the onset of polar order was evidently higher(about220 K)than the Neel temperature(T_N=197 K)in the magnetodielectric studies.The calculated magnetodielectric effect(MDE)value was explicitly negative with maximum|MDE|values of about 3.6%around 230 K.The absence of a convincing signature in MDE at antiferromagnetic ordering temperature T_Nindicated the absence of magnetoelectric coupling around this temperature regime.The results further confirmed that the onset of polar order can be attributed to the structural distortion,rather than the canted noncollinear magnetic structure.     

Mechanical characterization and strain-rate sensitivity measurement of Ti- 7333 alloy based on nanoindentation and crystal plasticity modeling

The relationship between crystal orientations and meso-mechanical properties of β phase Ti-7333 titanium was investigated through the combination of nanoindentation experiments and simulation. The crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE) model for nanoindentation of single body-centered cubic crystal was established based on the experimental data. And the crystal plasticity constitutive law was implemented to simulate the nanoindentation process, obtaining satisfied results with an acceptable error. From the simulated pileup morphology patterns with different crystal orientations, it was found that the β phase experienced a symmetrical and orientation-related deformation process. Meanwhile, the strain-rate sensitivity(SRS) of β phase was investigated through nanoindentation tests based on continuous stiffness measurement(CSM) under different strain rates,varying between 0.2, 0.05 and 0.01 s~(-1). Two grains with different orientations exhibited similar SRS exponents,m, calculated from the experimental results.     

WO3 nanoflakes decorated with CuO clusters for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

The low quantum efficiency arising from poor charges transfer and insufficient light absorption is one of the critical challenges toward achieving highly efficient water splitting in photoelectrochemical cells. Three dimensions(3D) structures and heterojunctions have received intensive research interests recent years due to their excellent ability to separate photo-generated charges as well as the enhanced light harvesting property. Herein,3 D Cu O/WO_3 structure was fabricated through a facile solvothermal method followed by chemical bath deposition. The loading of Cu O clusters on WO_3 nanoflake arrays results in a much improved photocurrent density compared with that of pristine WO_3 nanoflake arrays, which reaches 1.8 m A/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement demonstrates that the improved performance of Cu O/WO_3 electrode is attributed to the accelerated charge transfer kinetics as a result of the desirable band alignment in Cu O/WO_3 heterojunction. This work demonstrates a facile strategy to construct superior WO_3 electrode, which will ultimately allow for efficient storage of solar energy into hydrogen.     

Effect of cold rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength β titanium alloy thin sheets

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

广西围填海进程及其对近海生态和生物资源的影响分析

近年来,随着社会、经济和科技的迅猛发展以及人口的快速增加,广西城镇化、工业化的迅速推进,土地需求量急剧增加。围填海是缓解沿海省市土地资源紧缺的重要方式;围填海在带来经济效益的同时,对海洋环境、生态也造成了巨大的影响。为此,本文在分析广西沿海1949年至今大规模围填海进程和特征的基础上,从海洋生态环境、自然海岸线、滨海湿地和海洋生物资源等方面,分析和探讨大规模围填海对广西近海生态环境和资源的影响,并对如何合理地开发利用海洋资源提出初步的管理方法和对策,为广西沿海经济快速发展和围填海开发管理提供参考。     

2015年秋季千里岩岛海域浮游植物群落结构特征

[目的] 为了了解千里岩岛附近海域浮游植物状况。[方法] 以2015年秋季在该海域的监测数据为基础,并结合2013年调查数据,分析该海域浮游植物的变化情况。[结果] 2015年秋季千里岩岛海域发现浮游植物37种,由硅藻和甲藻组成,平均密度为3.23×10⁵个/m³,监测区主要的优势种为圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus sp.)和虹彩圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus oculusiridis),多样性指数为2.13~3.42,平均为2.74。[结论] 与2013年调查数据比较,千里岩岛海域浮游植物种类数、密度和多样性指数有所增长,分析原因可能是由于调查季节不同。     

全天候海冰气象监测系统可靠性研究

目的】为了减少海冰对平台生产所造成的影响,JZ9-3海域首次引用了全天候海冰气象监测系统。为了确保系统的正常运行,需要对系统进行可靠性评估。【方法】采用动态模糊故障树法,对全天候海冰气象监测系统的可靠性进行评估,同时提出初步的预防措施。【结果】通过应用动态模糊故障树对系统可靠性进行评估,获取了系统的薄弱环节,并提出了有效措施对薄弱环节加以控制。【结论】通过研究,有效地提高了系统的可靠性,这也是动态模糊故障树在国内的首次应用,为未来动态模糊故障树的广泛应用奠定基础。     

基于Isight的冲压驱动桥壳参数化有限元建模方法

针对目前冲压驱动桥壳有限元建模方式繁琐低效的问题,在多学科优化集成软件Isight环境中,综合运用Pro_E参数化建模功能和ABAQUS有限元分析功能,建立了考虑冲压工艺和焊接工艺影响的驱动桥壳参数化有限元分析流程及参数化有限元模型.该方法有效地解决了复杂结构参数化有限元分析过程中的模型描述、参数驱动、自动更新等问题,不仅为解决类似问题提供了一种新的解决方案,也为桥壳可靠性预测和评估等问题提供了有效的工具.实例结果表明,该方法合理、可行.