The mouse Dreher gene Lmx1a controls formation of the roof plate in the vertebrate CNS

In the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS), a cascade of signals that originates in the ectoderm adjacent to the neural tube is propagated by the roof plate to dorsalize the neural tube. Here we report that the phenotype of the spontaneous neurological mutant mouse dreher (dr) results from a failure of the roof plate to develop. Dorsalization of the neural tube is consequently affected: dorsal interneurons in the spinal cord and granule neurons in the cerebellar cortex are lost, and the dorsal vertebral neural arches fail to form. Positional cloning of dreher indicates that the LIM homeodomain protein, Lmx1a, is affected in three different alleles of dreher. Lmx1a is expressed in the roof plate along the neuraxis during development of the CNS. Thus, Lmx1a is required for development of the roof plate and, in turn, for specification of dorsal cell fates in the CNS and developing vertebrae.     

Superconductivity at 52 K in hole-doped C60

Superconductivity in electron-doped C60 was first observed almost ten years ago. The metallic state and superconductivity result from the transfer of electrons from alkaline or alkaline-earth ions to the C60 molecule, which is known to be a strong electron acceptor. For this reason, it is very difficult to remove electrons from C60--yet one might expect to see superconductivity at higher temperatures in hole-doped than in electron-doped C60, because of the higher density of electronic states in the valence band than in the conduction band. We have used the technique of gate-induced doping in a field-effect transistor configuration to introduce significant densities of holes into C60. We observe superconductivity over an extended range of hole density, with a smoothly varying transition temperature Tc that peaks at 52 K. By comparison with the well established dependence of Tc on the lattice parameter in electron-doped C60, we anticipate that Tc values significantly in excess of 100 K should be achievable in a suitably expanded, hole-doped C60 lattice.     

Distinct functions of the two isoforms of dopamine D2 receptors

Signalling through dopamine D2 receptors governs physiological functions related to locomotion, hormone production and drug abuse. D2 receptors are also known targets of antipsychotic drugs that are used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. By a mechanism of alternative splicing, the D2 receptor gene encodes two molecularly distinct isoforms, D2S and D2L, previously thought to have the same function. Here we show that these receptors have distinct functions in vivo; D2L acts mainly at postsynaptic sites and D2S serves presynaptic autoreceptor functions. The cataleptic effects of the widely used antipsychotic haloperidol are absent in D2L-deficient mice. This suggests that D2L is targeted by haloperidol, with implications for treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. The absence of D2L reveals that D2S inhibits D1 receptor-mediated functions, uncovering a circuit of signalling interference between dopamine receptors.     

Web服务失效处理的反射中间件技术应用与实现

为提高服务有效性,在Web服务的客户方和服务器方配置反射层,捕捉到导致服务失效的各种状态和参数,有针对性地从服务内部动态调整服务运行状态和配置。依据服务失效类型,给出客户方和服务器方反射层的处理方法和工作过程,并借助于分层混合专家网络(HME)作为服务失效的检测方案,基于极大似然的HME学习策略可以对高维、非线性和强耦合的状态空间进行学习和辨识。通过实验和数据分析,表明了基于HME网络的反射中间件可以高效地对服务失效进行检测和处理。     

一种新的微电阻率成像测井仪器设计方案

微电阻率成像测井仪器与常规电法测井仪器比较,能够有效划分薄互层、裂缝性储层,准确地评价复杂岩性油藏的参数.采用先进的数字信号处理器和模拟数字混合器件,组成了一个基于数字信号处理器系统控制的阵列信号供电、采集和处理系统--新型的微电阻率成像测井仪器.把功能相同的模拟数字混合器件分别安装在8块微电极的极板上,每块极板与仪器的控制系统只有4条引出线,每块极板是一个相对独立的测井系统.仪器通过数字信号处理器芯片、可编程逻辑器件和模拟数字混合器件完成64路电阻率的测井任务.采用DSP芯片和PSoC器件,减少了仪器元器件的数量,并满足元器件的性能最优化,仪器的长度小,可靠性高,组合方便,稳定性好,测井的成功率'高.同时,解决了仪器电压漂移、温度漂移、噪声及系统误差等问题.     

浮选柱的研究现状应用与前景

该文介绍了国内外浮选柱的发展现状及不同类型浮选柱的结构特点以及应用。结果表明,浮选柱工艺指标先进、动力消耗小、节能明显、维护方便,是细粒煤浮选脱硫降灰有效而经济的工艺设备,具有广阔的应用前景。     

萨达姆面临又一问题

筛来选去,最终废长立幼;但不到万不得已不会轻易隐退。长达8年的国际制裁使伊拉克国力大衰,民不聊生。萨达姆虽仍大权在握,但已今非昔比。近来,随着美伊武器核查危机的升级,美国调整了对伊政策,将目标直接锁定萨达姆,并加紧“倒萨”步伐。今年1月,美国开始实施去年批准的《解放伊拉克法案》,根据该法案,美国将向伊反对派组织提供     

PLC在机器人控制系统中的应用

利用OMRON公司生产的CPM2A型PLC,设计了PLC在机器人控制系统中的应用,给出了其功能原理、程序流程及实验结果。     

20世纪的中国寓言文学

20世纪中国新文学发生时，寓言作为一种文学样式也呈现了自己发生、发展的历史，并在后期成为中国自先秦寓言之后的又一个黄金时代。本文全面观照了20世纪的中国寓言文学，表述了它的作家，作品、年代爰寓言的基本性状，认为这是20世纪中国新文学很有成就的一个组成部分。