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151.
Ross P Weinhouse H Aloni Y Michaeli D Weinberger-Ohana P Mayer R Braun S de Vroom E van der Marel GA van Boom JH Benziman M 《Nature》1987,325(6101):279-281
Cellulose is the most abundant renewable carbon resource on earth and is an indispensable raw material for the wood, paper, and textile industries. A model system to study the mechanism of cellulose biogenesis is the bacterium Acetobacter xylinum which produces pure cellulose as an extracellular product. It was from this organism that in vitro preparations which possessed high levels of cellulose synthase activity were first obtained in both membranous and soluble forms. We recently demonstrated that this activity is subject to a complex multi-component regulatory system, in which the synthase is directly affected by an unusual cyclic nucleotide activator enzymatically formed from GTP, and indirectly by a Ca (2+) -sensitive phosphodiesterase which degrades the activator. The cellulose synthase activator (CSA) has now been identified as bis-(3' 5')-cyclic diguanylic acid (5'G3'p5'G3'p) on the basis of mass spectroscopic data, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and comparison with chemically synthesized material. We also report here on intermediary steps in the synthesis and degradation of this novel circular dinucleotide, which have been integrated into a model for the regulation of cellulose synthesis. 相似文献
152.
Summary Larvae of the cabbage white butterfly,Pieris brassicae, have a dietary requirement for linolenic acid (C183n3) and were found to accumulate two other members of the n-3 family, C203n3 and C205n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) especially in testicular phospholipids. Arachidonic acid was observed in trace amounts only. During diapause the relative titer of eicosapentaenoic acid increased in testicular phospholipids to about 4.2% of the fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid is a possible precursor of prostaglandins, suggesting that prostaglandins of the 3-series predominate in this insect. 相似文献
153.
Summary Cell pairs isolated from adult rat and guinea pig ventricles were used to study the electrical properties of the nexal membrane. Each cell of a pair was connected to a voltage-clamp system so as to enable whole-cell, tight-seal recording. The current-voltage relationship of the nexal membrane was found to be linear, revealing a resistance rn of 2–4 M. rn was insensitive to the sarcolemmal membrane potential (range:–90 to +30 mV), and exerted no time-dependent gating behavior (range: 0.1 to 10 s). Lowering pHi yielded a small increase in rn. Vigorous elevations in [Ca2+]i gave rise to an increase in rn which was associated with a cell shortening. Uncoupling caused by aliphatic alcohols or halothane did not produce cell shortening. Cell pairs were also used to study action potential transfer. 相似文献
154.
Chromosomal localization of human haemoglobin structural genes 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
155.
The significance of glycosylated proteins 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
156.
Growth of the bacterial cell 总被引:56,自引:0,他引:56
157.
Somatic translocation of antibody genes 总被引:36,自引:0,他引:36
158.
Abnormal electroretinogram from a Drosophila mutant 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
159.
How are insect circadian rhythms controlled? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
160.