A new species of Schizopera (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from Japan,its phylogeny based on the mtCOI gene and comments on the genus Schizoperopsis

The predominantly marine genus Schizopera Sars, 1905 has only two significant inland water species-flocks, one in the ancient African Lake Tanganyika and the other in subterranean waters of Western Australia. Discovery of Schizopera abei sp. nov. from several interstitial locations in the vicinity of the ancient Lake Biwa has wider implications for the study of morphological homoplasies in the genus, as well as for the study of freshwater invasions in harpacticoid copepods. The new Schizopera species belongs to a small group of congeners with a two-segmented endopod of the fourth leg, which used to be recognised as a separate genus, Schizoperopsis Apostolov, 1982. Our reconstructed phylogenies based on the mtCOI partial sequences suggest that this character probably evolved convergently in at least some Schizopera, thus rendering the genus Schizoperopsis polyphyletic. However, almost all basal nodes in our cladograms are weakly supported, which shows limitations of a single-gene approach for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships. The new species is the first member of its genus from Japanese inland waters, and it has no close relatives among extent congeners anywhere in the world. We speculate that its ancestor may have invaded Lake Biwa, and subsequently its surrounding subterranean waters, from brackish areas around central Japan, presumably during a period of high sea water level through its major outflow river. This discovery may provide further support for the hypothesis about the role of ancient lakes as biodiversity pumps for subterranean habitats.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1F71F7AD-B7C8-4AD3-BE44-5E1BEE4E2AA8     

黑龙江省两栖爬行动物物种分布与生态因子关系的分析

通过2000～2006年对黑龙江省两栖爬行动物的种类及分布情况进行实地深入调查,并结合黑龙江省两栖爬行动物研究的历史资料及现代有关成果,从经纬度、年平均温度、年平均降水量、海拔、生境、垂直分布等生态因子对黑龙江省两栖爬行动物的物种分布格局进行了探讨,结果表明黑龙江省两栖爬行动物的物种总数与海拔、纬度成负相关关系;而与年平均温度、年平均降水量成正相关关系;在经度E128°～E130°之间物种数较多,其他地区则较少;灌丛、阔叶林等为黑龙江省两栖爬行动物适栖生境.在平原、丘陵低山灌丛、山地针阔叶混交林分布着全省所有的物种.     

金刚石和氮化碳涂层刀具加工高硅铝合金

为提高硬质合金刀具加工高硅铝合金的生产率及使用寿命,文章采用金刚石薄膜刀具和氮化碳涂层刀具来对比硬质合金刀具加工高硅铝合金的加工性能;试验结果表明,金刚石薄膜刀具干切削加工的表面粗糙度值较小,氮化碳涂层刀具干切削高硅铝合金与金刚石薄膜刀具相比,积屑瘤较小,是适合加工高硅铝合金的刀具材料。     

码头项目环境风险评价方法探讨

近年来,环境风险评价在环境影响评价中逐渐引起重视,通过对实际工作中码头建设项目风险评价实例的研究,试图对环境风险评价的概念和方法进行探讨.     

利用统计估算放大法推求可能最大暴雨

由于中国对赫氏法有不同的看法,因此在引进该法后,需要对该方法加以修正和改进,倾向于以离均系数Φm取代统计估算法中的Km值.统计估算法仅从实际发生的大暴雨中寻求Φmm,而没有放大的概念,所以利用该方法计算的PMP值往往偏小.统计估算放大法是通过水汽放大,对统计估算方法进行改进.应用统计估算放大法推算宁德地区PMP,计算结果表明,该方法较其他方法更合理.     

智能控制电采暖系统的应用

对当前常用的几种采暖方式进行了分析比较,重点对节能智能控制电采暖系统的工作原理、技术特点、应用前景予以阐述.     

水合4-氧-1(4H)-吡啶乙酸镁配合物[Mg(H2O)6](p-OPA)2·2H2O的合成与表征

合成了一个新的配合物[Mg(H2O)6](p-OPA)2.2H2O(p-OPA-=4-氧-1(4H)-吡啶乙酸根),并对其进行了元素分析和单晶X射线的表征。配合物晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P 21/c,晶胞参数为a=1.2561(3)nm,b=1.2947(3)nm,c=0.67885(14)nm,β=99.32(3)°,V=1.0895(4)nm3,Z=2,Mr=472.69,Dc=1.441g/cm3,μ=0.154mm-1,F(000)=500,最终R=0.0525,wR=0.1398。Mg(Ⅱ)原子与六个水分子配位形成八面体构型,4-氧-1(4H)-吡啶乙酸根作为抗衡离子,配阳离子与阴离子之间通过静电吸引和氢键作用形成了三维氢键超分子网络结构。