An assessment of the effect of hormone and neurotransmitters on adenine and gluanine derivatives simultaneously in rat brain cortical slices

Summary A 2-dimensional thin-layer method has been developed for the separation on cellulose of adenine and guanine derivatives. Using incubated rat cerebral cortex slices it was shown that noradrenaline and acetylcholine stirnulated cAMP and cGMP production respectively but glutamate and -aminobutyric acid stimulated production of both cyclic nucleotides.     

The effect ofγ-irradiation on soil enzyme stability

Summary Arylsulphatase, -1,3 glucanase, phosphatase and urease responded differently to -irradiation (5–50 Mrad) in air-dried and moist soils. In all instances phosphatase was the most stable. The variability between enzymes may be due to inherent biochemical and stuctural characteristics or to their location within the soil microenvironment.Supported by a grant from the NERC.     

Large-scale purification of hepatitis B surface antigen using affinity chromatography

Summary Large-scale purification of hepatitis B surface antigen, applicable to the preparation of potential vaccines for prevention of hepatitis B, is described. The method involves the following steps: precipitation of serum with polyethylene glycol 6000, affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose and on -aminononyl-Sepharose, and isopycnic centrifugation.This study was supported by grant 09011 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. We thank Dr. B. Hollinger for testing HB_sAg samples by a complement fixation test.     

The behavioral development of the mutant "staggerer" mouse]

The behavioural study, in particular rearing environmental conditions, of the mutant mouse staggerer has shown that such animals may live more than 90 days. (he behavioural diagnosis of this mutation has been possible from the second week of life, using specific tests. A typical "bat posture" permits one to recognize the mutant from the normal Mouse. Locomotory and feeding behaviours also present late and various qualitatige particularities.     

Cytotoxicity of mouse peritoneal cells after alloimmunization]

CBA Mice were immunized by two intraperitoneal injections of 30 X 10(6) DBA/2 or C57BL/6 spleen cells at days--12 and--2. Peritoneal cell population was obtained at day zero by washing the peritoneal cavity of Mice. Adherent cells were then separated using a 2 hrs. incubation in "Falcon" plates followed by washing. This macrophage-rich peritoneal cell population was found nonspecifically cytotoxic against 51Cr labeled tumoral target cells: P815 X DBA/2 mastocytoma cells, EL4 X C57BL/L lymphoma cells and spontaneous lymphoma AKR cells (same H--2k as CBA). This adherent peritoneal cell cytoxicity was demonstrated after 24 hrs. incubation with the target cells. It was found in nonspecific combination as well as when using target cells syngeneic to the donor. These findings suggest that adherent peritoneal cell cytotoxicity could be at least partly due to macrophages and result from factor (s) released by sensitized lymphocytes in vivo in the same way as has been previously demonstrated in vitro.     

New toxins from Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius]

A strain of Aspergillus fumigatus Fres., isolated from sugar-beet draffs, synthesizes in vitro four toxic metabolites which have not yet been described in these fungal species. Toxic effects of the most abundant of these metabolites "fumitoxin A" have been studed on chick embryo. Artemia salina larvae, cell cultures, and on mice.     

Effect of cortisone or triiodothyronine administration to pregnant rats on lysosomal hydrolases in fetal forebrain and cerebellum

Triiodothyronine injected daily to pregnant rats for the last week of gestation (50 microgram/100 g b.wt) increased the specific activities of 5 acid glycosidases in the fetal forebrain and cerebellum. Cortisone (50 mg/100 g b.wt) administered in the same period had no effect on cerebellum acid hydrolases, but decreased their activity in the forebrain.     

Spatial conformation of human serotransferrin glycans]

The construction of molecular models for the human serotransferrin glycans shows that they present one compact section linked to the protein and constituted by the pentasaccharide alpha-Man-(1 leads to 3)-[alpha-Man-(1 leads to 6)]-beta-Man-(1 leads to 4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1 leads to 4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1 leads to)-Asn to which are attached two "antennae" consisting of the trisaccharide alpha-NANA-(2 leads to 6)-beta-Gal-(1 leads to 4)-beta-GlcNAc. The trisaccharide sequence beta-Man-(1 leads to 4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1 leads to 4)-beta-GlcNAc adopts a flat and rigid conformation, stabilised by hydrogen bonds. In contrast, the sequence alpha-NANA-(1 leads to 6)-beta-Gal-(1 leads to 4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1 leads to 2)-alpha-Man takes up a helical configuration. The two "antennae" can be disposed on the pentasaccharide core to give two possible configurations, one Y-shaped and the other T-shaped. In both cases, the general conformation of the glycans is perfectly compatible with their postulated role as a recognition signal.     

Variations au cours de la journée de l'incorporation in vivo de la leucine tritiée dans les protéines du cervelet et du cerveau du jeune rat normal et hypothyro?dien. Daily variations of the in vivo [3H] leucine incorporation into the cerebellar and cerebral proteins of the normal and hypothyroid young rat [(author's transl)

In the normal and hypothyroid 6-day-old rat, the specific radioactivity (RSA) and the relative RSA (ratio of the RSA to the [3H] lecine concentration of the acido soluble phase) of the cerebral and cerebellar proteins, changes during the day synchronally. They show a maximum at 15.00 h and a minimum at 0.300 h. At all stages studied, these values are significantly lower in the hyothyroid animals than in normal ones.