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51.
Gerardo Rodriguez-Araujo Hironori Nakagami Hiroki Hayashi Masaki Mori Tetsuya Shiuchi Yasuhiko Minokoshi Yoshikazu Nakaoka Yoichi Takami Issei Komuro Ryuichi Morishita Yasufumi Kaneda 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2013,70(6):1123-1133
Insulin is the main glucoregulator that promotes the uptake of glucose by tissues and the subsequent utilization of glucose as an energy source. In this paper, we describe a novel glucoregulator, the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) protein, that has previously been linked to Parkinson’s disease. Treatment with recombinant SNCA promotes glucose uptake in vitro in preadipocytes and in vivo in the adipose tissues and skeletal muscles of mice through the LPAR2/Gab1/PI3K/Akt pathway; these effects occur independently of the insulin receptor. This function of SNCA represents a new mechanistic insight that creates novel avenues of research with respect to the process of glucose regulation. 相似文献
52.
S. Ishibashi K. Kawasaki Y. Tate T. Ihara K. Shimada 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1995,51(9-10):980-985
The smooth muscle relaxation induced by nitroglycerin is hypothesized to be mediated by an increase in the cytoplasmic concentration of guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP) and subsequent dephosphorylation of the 20-kilodalton myosin light chain (MLC). We investigated this hypothesis in procine coronary arterial smooth muscle stimulated with histamine (3 μM) or K+ (30 mM). Stimulation of [32P]Pi-labeled muscle with histamine or K+ for 2 min resulted in a four- or 6.2-fold increase, respectively, in the incorporation of32P into MLC. After 48 min of exposure to histamine. MLC phosphorylation decreased to the basal level and the phosphorylation of desmin, synemin, and of three unidentified cytosolic proteins was increased. K+ stimulation resulted in a sustained increase of MLC phosphorylation but had no effect on the phosphorylation of desmin, synemin, or the three unidentified cytosolic proteins. Application of nitroglycerin (1 μM) 48 min after histamine stimulation inhibited the phosphorylation of desmin, synemin, and the three cytosolic proteins. The sustained phase of histamine-induced contraction was also inhibited to a greater extent then the acute phase of histamine-induced contraction and both the acute and sustained phases of K+-induced contraction. These results suggest that MLC phosphorylation is required for both phases of K+-induced contraction, whereas phosphorylation of intermediate filament proteins is required for the sustained phase of histamine-induced contraction. Intermediate filament proteins, rather than MLC, may also be the target for the relaxant action of nitroglycerin during histamine-induced sustained contraction. 相似文献
53.
Summary Almost no damage to mouse morulae was observed between 0 and –40°C, and freezing damage to embryos in DMSO, glycerol or ethylene glycol occurred after exposure to –60, –50 or –50°C, respectively. Cooling embryos in DMSO or glycerol to temperatures below –50 to –60°C increased freezing damage. To the contrary, in the presence of ethylene, glycol, no more damage occurred after exposure to temperatures below –50°C. 相似文献
54.
T. Ishibashi A. Tanaka K. Sugiyama T. Koga 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1971,27(1):96-97
Zusammenfassung Während sich bei Endotoxinen der Adjuvanseffekt proportional zur Antigenität verhält, ist diese Beziehung bei dem aus Tuberkelbazillen isolierten Wachs D nicht der Fall. 相似文献
55.
Mouse embryos were frozen by the two-step method after equilibration for 0.1-60 min with cryoprotectants at 0 degree C. No survival or a very low survival was obtained after equilibration for only 0.1 min. The morulae showed the highest survival rates when equilibration time was 5-30 min with 2 M DMSO, 20-30 min with 2 M glycerol, 5-10 min with 2 M ethylene glycol and 20-30 min with 2 M propylene glycol, respectively. 相似文献
56.
57.
58.
Summary Mouse morulae were frozen to –196°C in the presence of 1.2 M ethylene glycol or 1 M glycerol. After iceseeding in embryo samples at –10°C or below, the survival rates in vitro were lower than those obtained by ice-seeding between –4° and –8°C. The proportion morulae developing into live young in vivo after ice-seeding at –13°C and freezing was lower than that of embryos seeded at –4°C. 相似文献
59.
GlcNAcylation of histone H2B facilitates its monoubiquitination 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fujiki R Hashiba W Sekine H Yokoyama A Chikanishi T Ito S Imai Y Kim J He HH Igarashi K Kanno J Ohtake F Kitagawa H Roeder RG Brown M Kato S 《Nature》2011,480(7378):557-560
60.
Tirichine L Imaizumi-Anraku H Yoshida S Murakami Y Madsen LH Miwa H Nakagawa T Sandal N Albrektsen AS Kawaguchi M Downie A Sato S Tabata S Kouchi H Parniske M Kawasaki S Stougaard J 《Nature》2006,441(7097):1153-1156
Induced development of a new plant organ in response to rhizobia is the most prominent manifestation of legume root-nodule symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Here we show that the complex root-nodule organogenic programme can be genetically deregulated to trigger de novo nodule formation in the absence of rhizobia or exogenous rhizobial signals. In an ethylmethane sulphonate-induced snf1 (spontaneous nodule formation) mutant of Lotus japonicus, a single amino-acid replacement in a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) is sufficient to turn fully differentiated root cortical cells into meristematic founder cells of root nodule primordia. These spontaneous nodules are genuine nodules with an ontogeny similar to that of rhizobial-induced root nodules, corroborating previous physiological studies. Using two receptor-deficient genetic backgrounds we provide evidence for a developmentally integrated spontaneous nodulation process that is independent of lipochitin-oligosaccharide signal perception and oscillations in Ca2+ second messenger levels. Our results reveal a key regulatory position of CCaMK upstream of all components required for cell-cycle activation, and a phenotypically divergent series of mutant alleles demonstrates positive and negative regulation of the process. 相似文献