Ca<Superscript>2+</Superscript> signals,cell membrane disintegration,and activation of TMEM16F during necroptosis

Activated receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain like (MLKL) are essential components of the necroptotic pathway. Phosphorylated MLKL (pMLKL) is thought to induce membrane leakage, leading to cell swelling and disintegration of the cell membrane. However, the molecular identity of the necroptotic membrane pore remains unclear, and the role of pMLKL for membrane permeabilization is currently disputed. We observed earlier that the phospholipid scramblase and ion channel TMEM16F/anoctamin 6 cause large membrane currents, cell swelling, and cell death when activated by a strong increase in intracellular Ca²⁺. We, therefore, asked whether TMEM16F is also central to necroptotic cell death and other cellular events during necroptosis. Necroptosis was induced by TNFα, smac mimetic, and Z-VAD (TSZ) in NIH3T3 fibroblasts and the four additional cell lines HT₂₉, 16HBE, H441, and L929. Time-dependent changes in intracellular Ca²⁺, cell morphology, and membrane currents were recorded. TSZ induced a small and only transient oscillatory rise in intracellular Ca²⁺, which was paralleled by the activation of outwardly rectifying Cl^? currents, which were typical for TMEM16F/ANO6. Ca²⁺ oscillations were due to Ca²⁺ release from endoplasmic reticulum, and were independent of extracellular Ca²⁺. The initial TSZ-induced cell swelling was followed by cell shrinkage. Using typical channel blockers and siRNA-knockdown, the Cl^? currents were shown to be due to the activation of ANO6. However, the knockdown of ANO6 or inhibitors of ANO6 did not inhibit necroptotic cell death. The present data demonstrate the activation of ANO6 during necroptosis, which, however, is not essential for cell death.     

关于非线性离散随机系统的稳定性

通过极限方程理论,利用极限解的性质,给出了非线性时变离散时间随机系统上的一致全局渐近均方稳定的性质,它是在弱零状态检测和有界输出函数的假设条件基础上推出的.     

宁夏大学校园体育文化节发展与认知调查分析

运用问卷调查法和数理统计法,对宁夏大学校园体育文化节的发展与认知进行了分析,提出了校园体育文化节的各项评价指标,推动了宁夏大学校园体育文化节的发展,为以后更好地开展这项活动提供了理论依据.     

苯乙酮、对甲氧基苯甲醛和芳香胺的Mannich反应

苯乙酮与对甲氧基苯甲醛和芳香胺在少量浓盐酸或HCl-EtOH溶液催化下直接进行Mannich反应,用一步法合成了6个相应的Mannich碱,其中有3个是新的有机化合物,产率高达60%～73%.本文还对Mannich碱生成的条件进行了讨论.     

芳香胺的Mannich反应研究

芳香胺与对氯苯乙酮和苯甲醛在少量浓盐酸催化下能直接发生Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应，一步合成了一系列相应的Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ碱（其中有５个最新化合物），并测定了它们的熔点，ＩＲ，￣１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ谱．产率高达７８％～９４％．     

新型高速气流测温传感器——半导体总温探针

采用IOTS 型半导体感温元件与气流滞止罩组合成测量高速气流总温的总温探针(TTPS).配以稳定度为5×10~(-5)的恒流源,在t=30～90℃的温度范围内,其最小二乘法非线性误差小于0.2℃,即最小二乘法线性度为0.2%;重复性为0.1%;灵敏度约为2mV/℃;在马赫数M=0.3～0.75范围内,动温校正系数β≥0.992,恢复系数γ=0.91～0.98.试验结果证明,国产半导体感温元件制作的TTPS 是可以代替热偶总温探针(TTPT)的.与TTPT 相此,不需冷端温度补偿,使用方便,并可避免由于补偿不完善而存在的误差;它比TTPT 的灵敏度高50倍,如与微机配合组成数据自动采集系统,可以降低对放大器性能的要求.     

肠道菌群与代谢疾病

肠道菌群作为与人体共生的一个重要生态系统，长期以来与宿主共演化、共发育，桥接外界环境，与宿主各脏器发生互作，进而参与宿主代谢稳态调控。十几年来，已有多项研究支持肠道菌群失调通过各种与宿主互作的机制可能参与宿主多种疾病，尤其是肥胖、2型糖尿病等慢性代谢性疾病的发生与发展，并且肠道菌群在代谢性疾病的手术、药物等多种治疗方式中发挥重要作用。目前亦有多种有关开发靶向肠道菌群的代谢性疾病治疗的研究。文章对肠道菌群与代谢性疾病关系及相关机制、代谢疾病治疗中菌群的作用、肠道菌群相关治疗手段等方面的研究进展加以总结，以期为将来开发靶向肠道菌群代谢性疾病新型诊疗策略提供参考和思路。     

孤东油田上第三系馆陶组上段微量元素的分布特征及沉积环境分析

通过对孤东油田馆上段四日进109块岩样中的Ca,Mg,Sr,Cr.Cu,Fe,Mn,V,Ni等九种元素的分析,得出了孤东油田馆陶组上段微量元素含量及其比值与氧化还原、湖盆盐度、古气候等沉积条件的关系,从而提供了利用微量元素及其比值的变化分析沉积环境,划分微相类型及判断古盐度高低的一种新方法.     

Mapping of Irregular IP onto NoC Architecture with Optimal Energy Consumption

Network on chip (NoC) architectures have been proposed to resolve complex on-chip communication problems. An NoC-based mapping algorithm is shown in this paper. It can map irregular intellectual properties (IPs) cores onto regular tile 2-D mesh NoC architectures. The basic idea is to decompose a large IP into several dummy IPs or integrate several small IPs into one dummy IP, such that each dummy IP can fit into a single tile. It can also allocate buffer space according to the input/output degree and avoid connection congestion by adapting communication density. Experimental data indicate that using the algorithm proposed in this paper, the communication energy can be reduced about 7%.