汽油机全可变气门机构的运行能耗

在汽油机中配置可变气门机构会改变因驱动气门机构而消耗的能量.为了研究全可变气门机构汽油机气门机构消耗的能量,在实验台架上测取了可变气门正时(VVT)、可变气门升程(VVL)执行器消耗的电能以及驱动气门机构的扭矩,并计算了驱动功率.实验结果表明,VVT及VVL电子执行器消耗的电能较小,气门机构驱动消耗机械能量相对较大.发动机转速为1,500,r/min,机油温度为60,℃时,气门升程从9,mm下降到1,mm,气门机构驱动功率从700,W下降到50,W.负气门重叠角负荷控制在发动机转速1,500,r/min,平均有效压力0.2 MPa时最高可节油18.8%,进排气门最大升程均较小是其节油的重要原因.     

基于概率理论和AR/GARCH模型的非线性损伤识别

为了解决在不确定因素干扰下的结构非线性损伤识别问题,提出了基于概率理论和自回归/广义自回归条件异方差(AR/GARCH,autoregressive/generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity)混合模型的非线性损伤识别方法。描述了AR/GARCH模型的组合理论及其相应的组合公式,给出了模型参数估计和定阶方法。利用损伤前后的加速度响应信号构造AR/GARCH模型,并进一步提取出非线性损伤特征因子。采用概率理论和置信区间方法获取相应的损伤存在概率,并建立基于层间刚度的基本概率损伤指标。在此基础上,基于权化技术提出了改进概率损伤指标以提高识别可靠性。数值计算和实验验证结果表明,基于概率理论和AR/GARCH模型的损伤技术可以较好地解决不确定因素干扰下的非线性损伤问题,改进概率指标的识别效果明显优于基本概率指标。     

Placement of protein and RNA structures into a 5 A-resolution map of the 50S ribosomal subunit.

We have calculated at 5.0 A resolution an electron-density map of the large 50S ribosomal subunit from the bacterium Haloarcula marismortui by using phases derived from four heavy-atom derivatives, intercrystal density averaging and density-modification procedures. More than 300 base pairs of A-form RNA duplex have been fitted into this map, as have regions of non-A-form duplex, single-stranded segments and tetraloops. The long rods of RNA crisscrossing the subunit arise from the stacking of short, separate double helices, not all of which are A-form, and in many places proteins crosslink two or more of these rods. The polypeptide exit channel was marked by tungsten cluster compounds bound in one heavy-atom-derivatized crystal. We have determined the structure of the translation-factor-binding centre by fitting the crystal structures of the ribosomal proteins L6, L11 and L14, the sarcin-ricin loop RNA, and the RNA sequence that binds L11 into the electron density. We can position either elongation factor G or elongation factor Tu complexed with an aminoacylated transfer RNA and GTP onto the factor-binding centre in a manner that is consistent with results from biochemical and electron microscopy studies.     

功率分流式混合动力系统电机建模与控制

针对功率分流式混联混合动力公交车,研究电子无级变速器(electric variable transmission, EVT)电机动态模型的建立以及协调控制问题。首先,基于永磁同步电机工作原理,建立电机控制系统细节模型;其次,基于功率分流式混合动力系统工作特性,提出电机MG1(motor/generator)前馈+反馈+电机MG2转矩补偿的双电机动态协调控制算法;最后,利用MATLAB/Simulink/Simscape仿真软件建立电机、逆变器、行星机构以及整车系统模型,通过仿真测试验证电机动态响应特性以及电机在EVT系统中的动态响应特性。仿真结果表明:电机及其控制系统动态响应特性较好,能够较好满足EVT系统工作需求。     

基于一元线性回归由风速传感器测量值推导巷道平均风速

通过试验数据建立了风速传感器的测量值与平均风速之间的一元线性回归方程,并对拟合效果进行了评价。对参数的判断表明该方程是有效的,可以近似地把风速传感器的测量值转换成平均风速值,并在相同的巷道长度、相同的风流速度、不同断面下用Comsol模拟了风速流场分布情况。     

A Composite Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Attitude Control for a Quadrotor UAV with Multiple Uncertainties

In this paper, a composite adaptive fault-tolerant control strategy is proposed for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) to simultaneously compensate actuator faults, model uncertainties and external disturbances. By assuming knowledge of the bounds on external disturbances, a baseline sliding mode control is first designed to achieve the desired system tracking performance and retain insensitive to disturbances. Then, regarding actuator faults and model uncertainties of the quadrotor UAV, n...     

基于模糊聚类的顶板砂岩富水性预测研究——以龙固井田为例

华北石炭一二叠纪煤系山西组煤层开采受项板砂岩含水层水影响严重.砂岩含水层富水性取决于多种因素,以龙固煤矿山西组3煤开采为例,分析了煤层顶板砂岩富水性的影响因素.在单因素分析的基础上,应用模糊聚类方法时含水层富水性进行了评价.研究表明,龙固煤矿山西组砂岩含水层富水性受砂岩厚度、砂泥岩组合特征及构造发育程度等因素影响,将这些影响因素作为含水层富水性指示信息样本进行聚类分析,对含水层富水性进行了分级分区.研究成果对该区矿井水防治具有一定的指导意义,也为含水层富水性的预测研究开辟了一种新的途径.     

改良MTT比色法测定淋巴细胞增殖反应

本文应用改良MTT（四甲基偶氮唑盐）比色法检测淋巴细胞增殖反应。结果表明，改良MTT比色法具有简便、快速、敏感之优点，便于一般实验室推广应用。     

Functional analysis of hydrogenases and their effects on cell growth and magnetosome synthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense</Emphasis>

This study addressed the effect of hydrogen metabolism on cell growth and magnetosome synthesis in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1. Two deletion mutants were generated: L206, with single deletion of the hupL gene encoding H2-uptake [NiFe] hydrogenase; and B206, with double deletion of the hyaB gene encoding H2-producing [NiFe] hydrogenase and the hupL gene. The wild-type and mutant strains were compared in terms of hydrogen uptake capability, hydrogen yield, growth rate, and iron uptake, and o...     

信息技术在煤矿安全监控中的应用

提出了我国煤矿安全生产中存在的问题,并提出要想改变这种现状必须依靠信息技术,特别是安全监管信息技术的应用有效地解决了煤矿安全生产中存在的问题.介绍了信息技术在煤矿安全监管中的具体应用,对同行业有一定的启示和借鉴意义.