Ruin Probability with Variable Premium Rate and Disturbed by Diffusion in a Markovian Environment

We consider a risk model with a premium rate which varies with the level of free reserves. In this model, the occurrence of claims is described by a Cox process with Markov intensity process, and the influence of stochastic factors is considered by adding a diffusion process. The integro-differential equation for the ruin probability is derived by a infinitesimal method.     

求代数方程组数值解的智能新方法

本文针对解代数方程组计算复杂和非线性方程组的解难以得到问题，提出了一种适合于不同类型方程组的通用算法．模拟生物进化过程，利用仅以变异作为唯一基因操作的EP方法来求方程组的最优解或次最优解．首先建立智能化的通用方程组，再利用改进的EP方法(在自适应方法中引入小生境思想)来求解方程组．算法既简单又具有通用性，最后举例说明本方法的有效性．     

论GIS模糊不确定性以及处理方法探讨

论述了GIS模糊不确定性的认识，介绍了不确定性的相关概念，阐述了GIS的模糊不确定性，及其处理方法。     

水库闸坝自动化监控系统浅析

水库闸坝自动化监控系统对于提高闸坝的运行管理水平和组建流域水文调度系统具有重要作用。该系统具有远程控制与调节能力、大坝安全检测系统及自动监控系统，为水库的安全运行提供有力的保障。     

Newton's Easy Quadratures ``Omitted for the Sake of Brevity'

In the 1687 Principia, Newton gave a solution to the direct problem (given the orbit and center of force, find the central force) for a conic-section with a focal center of force (answer: a reciprocal square force) and for a spiral orbit with a polar center of force (answer: a reciprocal cube force). He did not, however, give solutions for the two corresponding inverse problems (given the force and center of force, find the orbit). He gave a cryptic solution to the inverse problem of a reciprocal cube force, but offered no solution for the reciprocal square force. Some take this omission as an indication that Newton could not solve the reciprocal square, for, they ask, why else would he not select this important problem? Others claim that ``it is child's play' for him, as evidenced by his 1671 catalogue of quadratures (tables of integrals). The answer to that question is obscured for all who attempt to work through Newton's published solution of the reciprocal cube force because it is done in the synthetic geometric style of the 1687 Principia rather than in the analytic algebraic style that Newton employed until 1671. In response to a request from David Gregory in 1694, however, Newton produced an analytic version of the body of the proof, but one which still had a geometric conclusion. Newton's charge is to find both ``the orbit' and ``the time in orbit.' In the determination of the dependence of the time on orbital position, t(r), Newton evaluated an integral of the form ∫dx/x <sup>n</sup> to calculate a finite algebraic equation for the area swept out as a function of the radius, but he did not write out the analytic expression for time t = t(r), even though he knew that the time t is proportional to that area. In the determination of the orbit, θ (r), Newton obtained an integral of the form ∫dx/√(1−x<sup>2</sup>) for the area that is proportional to the angle θ, an integral he had shown in his 1669 On Analysis by Infinite Equations to be equal to the arcsin(x). Since the solution must therefore contain a transcendental function, he knew that a finite algebraic solution for θ=θ(r) did not exist for ``the orbit' as it had for ``the time in orbit.' In contrast to these two solutions for the inverse cube force, however, it is not possible in the inverse square solution to generate a finite algebraic expression for either ``the orbit' or ``the time in orbit.' In fact, in Lemma 28, Newton offers a demonstration that the area of an ellipse cannot be given by a finite equation. I claim that the limitation of Lemma 28 forces Newton to reject the inverse square force as an example and to choose instead the reciprocal cube force as his example in Proposition 41. (Received August 14, 2002) Published online March 26, 2003 Communicated by G. Smith     

浅谈师范生现代教学技能的培养

高质量的教师队伍是高质量教育的一个基本条件,师范生"现代教育技术素质"是教师素质的一个重要方面。文章在分析师范生教学技能内容的基础上,探讨了高等师范院校学生教学技能培养的有效途径,并提出了改进方向。     

甘肃产马先蒿属植物分种检索表

本文对甘肃产马先蒿属５２种、７亚种、６变种和１变型列了分种检索表，并在括号内记载了产地，为开发该属资源提供依据。     

广义分布空间中卷积算子可解之充要条件

Ｅｈｒｅｎｐｒｅｉｓ及Ｈｏｒｍａｎｄｅｒ在Ｓｃｈｗａｒｔｚ缓增分布空间中讨论了卷积算子的可解。本文充分利用Ｂｅｕｒｌｉｎｇ广义分布空间中的Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ－Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换的性质，在Ｂｅｕｒｌｉｎｇ广义分布空间中讨论了卷积算子可解的几个等价条件，进而导出了卷积算子可解的充要条件，并推广了Ｈｏｒｍａｎｄｅｒ的某些结果     

STABILITY CRITERIA FOR A CLASS OF UNCERTAINSYSTEMS WITH TIME—DELAY

Some stability criteria are obtained for a class of uncertain systems with time-delay usingLyapunov functional and analytic techniques. It is easy to check the criteria by making use of theboundedness of the uncertainties.     

Technical Notes ：STUDIES ON THE VALUE OF SECONDARY MARKET TO THE SUPPLY CHAIN

This paper investigates the impact of a secondary market, where retailers can buy and sell excessinventories, on the supply chain. We develop a two-period model with a single manufacturer and tworetailers. At the beginning of the first period the retailers order and receive products from themanufacturer, but at the beginning of the second period, they can trade surplus products betweenthemselves in the secondary market. We investigate the impact of the correlated dependence ofretailers' demand on both the quantity effect and the allocation effect under the secondary market.Lastly,we study potential strategies for the manufacturer to increase sales with the existence of thesecondary market.