新疆野生甘草与栽培甘草的质量特征比较

为比较新疆野生甘草与栽培甘草的质量差异,本文采用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)全谱分析法和紫外分光光度法对二者进行对比分析。结果表明:野生甘草和栽培甘草在2θ值2°～30°低角度范围内指纹图谱无较大特征差异;野生甘草中主要化学成分和Fe、Mg、Ca三种微量元素的含量均高于栽培甘草,且成份比例也不同——野生甘草中三种微量元素的含量比例是1.00:6.67:107.84,而栽培甘草中为1.00:8.70:36.42。     

弥散型透气砖阻力系数的测试与分析

根据Forchheimer's定律,测量了通过弥散型透气砖的吹气量和压降,并引入多孔介质模型描述气体在弥散型透气砖内的流动.借助CFD软件模拟计算了气体在透气砖内的流动状况,确定了弥散型透气砖的阻力系数.采用物理测试与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究透气砖的显气孔率和平均孔径对阻力系数的影响.结果表明,弥散型透气砖的黏性阻力系数远大于惯性阻力系数,在显气孔率为23%～28%的范围内,随着透气砖的显气孔率和平均孔径的增大,其阻力系数显著降低.     

Cloning and expression profiles of 15 genes encoding WRKY transcription factor in wheat (Triticum aestivem L.)

WRKY proteins are involved in various physiological processes, including biotic and abiotic stress responses, hormone responses and development. However, no systematic identification, expression and function analysis of WRKY genes in wheat were reported. In this study, we isolated 15 wheat cDNAs with complete open reading frame (ORF) encoding putative WRKY proteins using in silico cloning. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 15 wheat WRKY genes belonged to three major WRKY groups. Expression analysis revealed that most genes expressed drastically in leaf, except TaWRKY10 which expressed in crown intensively. Four genes were strongly up-regulated with the senescence of leaves. Eight genes were responsive to low temperature, high temperature, NaCl or PEG treatment. Moreover, differential expression patterns were also observed between wheat hybrid and its parents, and some genes were more responsive to PEG treatment in the hybrid. These results demonstrated that wheat WRKY genes are involved in leaf senescing and abiotic stresses. And the changed expression of these WRKY genes in hybrid might contribute to the heterosis by improving the stress tolerance in hybrids.     

长纤维高速过滤器的运行动力学研究

为对长纤维高速过滤器的模拟分析、运行控制及效果预测提供理论依据,在深入分析长纤维高速过滤器深层过滤机理及积泥形态的基础上,结合试验观察,借鉴半经验、半理论模型,建立了用以表征长纤维高速过滤器运行特性的水头损失方程及传质动力学模型.通过大量试验测定和对初始滤速为30 m/h时的模型计算与实测结果的比较表明,除沉淀出水过滤前期滤出水浊度计算值与实测值误差较大外,其余各范围计算值均吻合良好,证明了假设的合理性及模型的有效性.     

城镇供水二次增压节能降耗探讨

介绍和分析了城镇传统二次增压供水系统中耗能的各个环节,并根据具体情况提出了管网余压节能、泵站内部节能及管网压力优化节能3种解决方案,以期为供水企业在增压泵站供水系统改扩建方面提供参考.     

4WD电动车滑转率识别及防滑控制研究

实时地根据路面附着状况选择最优的滑转率控制目标是电动车驱动防滑控制策略的关键。针对双转子电机四轮驱动电动车的特点,本文首先采用自适应Kalman滤波估计车速信息和轮胎驱动力信息并利用该信息实时计算出附着率－滑转率曲线的斜率k,以对路面附着状况进行准确评估。以估计的路面信息和踏板输入信息为模糊控制器输入,利用带速度修正因子的模糊控制方法对驱动电机输出转矩进行控制以提高电动车在各种道路条件下最大地利用附着系数的能力,获得最佳的驱动防滑控制效果。     

论金庸小说对张三丰形象的演绎

金庸先生在历史记载的基础上对张三丰这一人物形象加以演绎和重塑。从他的姓名、出身、生活时代、外貌形象和道行武功以及思想性格等方面入手塑造了立体、丰满、真实可信的张三丰的形象。这种将历史真实与艺术虚构的融洽处理是金庸小说创作的一个重要特点。     

多层螺旋CTA在颈动脉狭窄诊断中的应用价值

【目的】判断CTA在颈动脉狭窄诊断中的应用价值。【方法】选择164例拟诊断为因颈动脉处狭窄导致的脑供血不足的患者,行CTA和DSA检查的患者影像资料,对血管狭窄程度进行统计学分析。【结果】164例患者中有150例患者颈动脉有不同程度的狭窄共341处。颈动脉轻度狭窄的检出率间差异有统计学意义（χ^2=7．61,P〈0．05）,中度狭窄、重度狭窄及闭塞的检出率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。【结论】CTA检查颈动脉狭窄基本可以替代DSA,作为常规怀疑颈动脉狭窄诊断的首选筛选检查方法.     

New anomalocardid frontal appendages from the Guanshan biota, eastern Yunnan

Anomalocaridids were large predators of the Cambrian seas at the top of the trophic pyramid. Complete anomalocaridid specimens have been rarely discovered and the rigid isolated frontal appendages and mouthparts are more commonly preserved. Here we study new material of the frontal appendages from the Wulongqing Formation, Cambrian Stage 4, Series 2 near Kunming, eastern Yunnan. Two new forms of anomalocaridid frontal appendages are described, namely Anomalocaris kunmingensis sp. nov. and Paranomalocaris multisegmentalis gen. nov., sp. nov. The frontal appendage of A. kunmingensis sp. nov. probably comprises 15 podomeres of which the first one has a weakened skeletoned, the second one is armed with small spines, and the third one is armed with remarkably robust proximal ventral spines with 6 anisomerous auxiliary spines; paired auxiliary spines are associated with podomeres 4–14; podomeres 12–14 are armed with paired dorsal spines, and the last podomere bears 2 distal spines, one spine distinctly larger than the other. The frontal appendage of P. multisegmentalis tapered backwards, consisting of 22 visible podomeres; the most ventral spine is armed with 5 pairs of auxiliary spines, and podomeres 12–21 bear dorsal spines, the last podomere with 2 small distal spines. The new material provides additional evidence for our understanding of the diversity of anomalocaridids in the Cambrian. The morphology of these new finds may indicate the importance of different feeding strategies of anomalocaridids in the Cambrian ecosystem.     

Water solubility in orthopyroxene: Dependence on temperature and Al content

The water solubility in Al-Fe-Mg orthopyroxene [(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)O₃: X _Fe = 0.1] was investigated as a function of temperature and Al contents. Experiments were performed at 10 kbar with temperatures ranging from 800 to 1200°C under water-saturated conditions. Water contents in the (Mg,Fe)SiO₃-H₂O-Al₂O₃ system were determined using unpolarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The present results show that water solubility in Al-bearing orthopyroxene decreases systematically with temperature from approximately 1 weight % at 800°C to 568 ± 58 ppm at 1200°C and increase significantly with increasing Al₂O₃ contents under the same annealing temperature and pressure. Combined with published results on the dependence of hydroxyl solubility on water fugacity and pressure, the present results can be described by the relation $C_{OH} = A(T)f_{H_2 O}^{n = 0.5} \exp \left( { - \frac{{\Delta H^{1bar} + \Delta V^{solid} P}} {{RT}}} \right)$ where A = 0.0024 ± 0.0015 ppm/bar^0.5, ΔH ^1bar = ?103.348 ± 9.768 kJ/mol, and solid ΔV ^solid = 9.2 ± 1.1 cm³/mol. This equation implies that the incorporation mechanism of water in aluminous orthopyroxene involves the isolated OH groups. Based on the experimentally established solubility model used in this study, it is suggested that water solubility decreases with increasing temperature under typical upper mantle pressure. The predicted temperature dependence of water solubility is in good agreement with the previous experimental observations in Al-bearing orthopyroxene, but the opposite dependence is observed in Al-free systems. Moreover, our estimation of the water solubility in upper-mantle minerals as a function of depth for a typical oceanic geotherm might be of potential importance in interpreting the geophysical observations.