Study and Application of Internal Coating Technique to Drag Reduction of the Trunk Pipeline for the West-East Gas Pipeline

Coverage layer coated in the internal wall of pipeline enables the friction drag to be reduced, the throughput and the gas transmission efficiency to be increased, the frequency of pigging and the number of the intermediate compressor station to be reduced, and the power consumption of the compressor to be decreased etc. The drag reduction is a high advanced scientific technique with outstanding economical benefit. The study and application of internal coating technique for drag reduction of 4000km trunk pipeline in West-East gas transmission pipeline (WEGTP) project are described, in which the main points are the drag reduction principle, coating process and the indoor study of this technique with own-decided knowledge property right at home.     

基于银薄膜/荷叶SERS效应直接检测婴儿配方奶粉中三聚氰胺

以天然荷叶为衬底,结合真空磁控溅射法沉积银薄膜,制备出了一种高效的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性基底.研究发现银/荷叶基底对婴儿配方奶粉中掺杂的三聚氰胺(MA)表现出良好的识别能力,而不需作额外的样品预处理.对掺杂不同浓度三聚氰胺的奶粉溶液进行定量分析,在5~50 mg/L质量浓度范围内获得了较好的线性关系(线性相关系数R20.99).根据3σ准则,检测极限估计为1 mg/L.此外,银/荷叶基底具有良好的均匀性和重复性(相对标准偏差为7.64%和10.54%).该方法对婴儿配方奶粉中三聚氰胺的检测具有简单快速、成本低且无损等优点.     

铕掺杂氧化钇的密度泛函第一性原理研究

基于第一性原理密度泛函,开展了氧化钇(Y_2O_3)的晶体结构和电子性质的计算研究,对比实验结果验证了计算方法的可行性.通过超元胞模型的密度泛函计算,探究了氧化钇主要本征点缺陷和不同格点阳离子铕(Eu)取代掺杂的形成能.结果表明,富氧条件有利于Eu杂质原子掺入氧化钇晶格,低费米能条件下,Eu原子易于取代周围6个O原子具有中心反演对称性的钇原子;在高费米能条件下,杂质原子对两种格点钇原子取代几率相等.本研究对于提升Eu掺杂氧化钇的发光效率具有一定的指导意义.     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al<Subscript>3</Subscript>Ti/ADC12 composite modified with Sr

In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of Sr (0wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, and 0.3wt%) on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy diffraction spectroscopy. The results reveal that the α-Al phases were nearly spherical and 40 μm in size and that the eutectic Si phases became round in the composite when the Sr content reached 0.2wt%. The Al₃Ti particles were distributed uniformly at the grain boundary. The results of the corrosion examination reveal that the Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite exhibited a minimum corrosion rate of 0.081 g·m–2·h–1 for an Sr content of 0.2wt%, which is two thirds of that of unmodified composite (0.134 g·m–2·h–1). This improved corrosion resistance was due to galvanic corrosion, which resulted from the low area ratio of the cathode to anode regions. This caused a low-density corrosion current in the composite, thereby yielding optimum corrosion resistance.     

Microstructural characterization and oxidation resistance of multicomponent equiatomic CoCrCuFeNi-TiO high-entropy alloy

CoCrCuFeNi-TiO was prepared by arc melting of the pure elements and Ti₂CO powder under an Ar atmosphere. Both CoCrCuFeNi and CoCrCuFeNi-TiO alloys are composed of a face-centered cubic (fcc) solid solution, whereas the alloys of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are basically composed of an fcc solid solution and TiO crystals. The microstructures of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are identified as dendrite and interdendrite structures such as CoCrCuFeNi. The morphology of TiO is identified as an equiaxed crystal with a small amount of added Ti₂CO. By increasing the amount of Ti₂CO added, the TiO content was dramatically increased and part of the equiaxed crystals changed to a dendrite structure. A test of the oxidation resistance demonstrates that the oxidation resistance of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO is better than that of CoCrCuFeNi. However, as the TiO content increases further, a corresponding decrease is observed in the oxidation resistance.     

竖向偏心荷载作用下吸力桶荷载-变形特性非共轴本构数值分析

在竖向偏心荷载作用下建立吸力式桶形基础数值分析模型,采用砂土非共轴弹塑性本构模型研究土体主应力方向旋转和非共轴角度的变化规律,探讨非共轴特性对吸力桶力学特性的影响.主要研究结论表明:在地基变形过程中,非共轴角度呈现先增大后减小的发展趋势.随着偏心距的增加,等效塑性应变在地基中的分布范围逐渐减小,非共轴特性也将减弱,非共轴特性对荷载-变形特性的影响逐渐减弱.对于桶壁端部阻力和桶壁外侧摩擦阻力,非共轴特性的影响随着偏心距的增加而减弱.对于桶体顶部阻力和桶壁内侧摩擦阻力,非共轴特性的影响随着偏心距的增加而逐渐显著.     

一种基于混沌映射的音视频水印互认证方案

多媒体认证技术用于证明所接收到多媒体内容的原始性并检测恶意的内容改动.在Lin Chingyung定理和Fridrich的二维混沌映射理论的基础上,提出了一种新的音视频互认证方案,与前人方法不同的是,它采取了单水印认证两种媒体的方案(音视频),所提方案能承受适当的MPEG压缩,同时能检测恶意的内容改动.由于水印仅被加入到音频(或视频)数据,能避免视频帧(或音频块)的失真,所以此方案可应用于一些特殊的场合,比如军事和医疗.     

焙烧改性膨润土处理垃圾渗滤液

用焙烧法对膨润土进行活化改性,改性后的膨润土用于处理垃圾渗滤液,同时研究其去除垃圾渗滤液中CODcr和色度的适宜条件．实验结果表明,膨润土的最佳改性焙烧温度为400℃。焙烧改性膨润土对垃圾渗滤液的处理效果较之原土有较大程度提高．其CODcr和色度的去除率分别达到82．8％和89．6％．     

高应变动力试桩拟合法误差来源分析

与传统的静荷载试验相比,高应变动力试桩拟合法是一种非常方便实用的分析技术,但该技术非常复杂,它的成功应用取决于诸多因素。通过剖析高应变动力试桩法的原理和拟合法的实质,结合工程实例,指出高应变动力试桩拟合法确定桩承载力不仅理论模型本身较静荷载试验存在差异,而且在数据处理过程中由于参数选择不同将引起承载力结果的误差。同时,人员素质也是准确应用该方法并给出合理结论的关键。高应变动力试桩拟合法误差来源的分析,对该法在实际应用过程中避免或减少可能产生的失误将是十分有益的。     

具有弹性和加工误差的槽轮机构动态分析

考虑槽轮机构的弹性和加工误差，建立了机构的运动方程．在方程中，古典机构理论运动转化为广义座标中的约束激振力，加工误差转化成约束力的变化和初始条件，槽轮副间隙成为非线性振动问题，工序盘的影响为两个自由度的振动，啮合点的变化中成为变刚度问题．利用数值解法编制了槽轮机构动态计算机模拟程序，根据模拟结果讨论了机构参数对槽轮动载荷的影响，得出比传统分析方法更深刻的结论，指出了降低槽轮载荷的途径．