Fracture behavior and microstructure analysis of Al2O3–MgO–CaO castables for steel-ladle purging plugs

Three different castables based on the Al₂O₃–MgO–CaO system were prepared as steel-ladle purging plug refractories: corundum- based low-cement castable (C-LCC), corundum-spinel-based low-cement castable (C-S-LCC), and corundum-spinel no-cement castable (C-S-NCC) (hydratable alumina (ρ-Al₂O₃) bonded). The fracture behavior at room temperature was tested by the method of “wedge-splitting” on samples pre-fired at different temperatures; the specific fracture energy G′_f and notched tensile strength σ_NT were obtained from these tests. In addition, the Young’s modulus E was measured by the method of resonance frequency of damping analysis (RFDA). The thermal stress resistance parameter R′′′′ calculated using the values of G′_f, σ_NT, and E was used to evaluate the thermal shock resistance of the materials. According to the microstructure analysis results, the sintering effect and the bonding type of the matrix material were different among these three castables, which explains their different fracture behaviors.     

Effects of stress ratio on the temperature-dependent high-cycle fatigue properties of alloy steels

This paper addresses the effects of stress ratio on the temperature-dependent high-cycle fatigue (HCF) properties of alloy steels 2CrMo and 9CrCo, which suffer from substantial vibrational loading at small stress amplitude, high stress ratio, and high frequency in the high-temperature environments in which they function as blade and rotor spindle materials in advanced gas or steam turbine engines. Fatigue tests were performed on alloy steels 2CrMo and 9CrCo subjected to constant-amplitude loading at four stress ratios and at four and three temperatures, respectively, to determine their temperature-dependent HCF properties. The interaction mechanisms between high temperature and stress ratio were deduced and compared with each other on the basis of the results of fractographic analysis. A phenomenological model was developed to evaluate the effects of stress ratio on the temperature-dependent HCF properties of alloy steels 2CrMo and 9CrCo. Good correlation was achieved between the predictions and actual experiments, demonstrating the practical and effective use of the proposed method.     

Microstructure evolution and thixoforming behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy in the semi-solid state prepared by RAP method

The effects of isothermal treatments on the microstructural evolution and coarsening rate of semi-solid 7075 aluminum alloy produced via the recrystallization and partial remelting (RAP) process were investigated. Samples of 7075 aluminum alloy were subjected to cold extrusion, and semi-solid treatment was carried out for 5–30 min at temperatures ranging from 580 to 605°C. A backward-extrusion experiment was conducted to investigate liquid segregation during the thixoforming process. The results revealed that obvious grain coarsening and spheroidization occurred during prolonged isothermal treatments. In addition, higher soaking temperatures promoted the spheroidization and coarsening process because of the increased liquid fraction and the melting of second phases. Segregation of the liquid phase caused by the difference in fluidity between the liquid and the solid phases was observed in different regions of the thixoformed specimens.     

Thermodynamic simulation of the effect of slag chemistry on the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory

The corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory against two kinds of industrial slags (coal slag and iron smelting slag) at 1550°C was investigated via thermodynamic simulations. In the proposed simulation model, the initial slag first attacks the matrix and surface aggregates and subsequently attacks the inner aggregates. The simulation results indicate that the slag chemistry strongly affects the phase formation and corrosion behavior of the refractory brick. Greater amounts of alumina were dissolved and spinel solid phases formed when the brick interacted with iron smelting slag. These phenomena, as well as the calculated lower viscosity, may lead to much deeper penetration than that exhibited by coal slag and to more severe corrosion compared to that induced by coal slag. The thermodynamic calculations well match the experimental observations, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed simulation model for evaluating the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory.     

Effect of SrCO<Subscript>3</Subscript> addition on the dynamic compressive strength of ZTA

Ceramic parts usually experience dynamic load in armor applications. Therefore, studying the dynamic behaviors of ceramics is important. Limited data are available on the dynamic behaviors of ceramics; thus, it is helpful to predict the dynamic strength of ceramics on the basis of their mechanical properties. In this paper, the addition of SrCO₃ into zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) was demonstrated to improve the fracture toughness of ZTA due to the formation of the SrAl₁₂O₁₉ (SA6) phase. The porosity of ZTA was found to be increased by the addition of SrCO₃. These newly formed pores served as the nucleation sites of cracks under dynamic load; these cracks eventually coalesced to form damaged zones in the samples. Although the K IC values of the samples were improved, the dynamic strength was not enhanced because of the increase in porosity; in fact, the dynamic strength of ZTA ceramics decreased with the addition of SrCO₃.     

冲喷嘴碰撞壁形状对射流特性影响的实验研究

本文根据现场使用的脉冲喷嘴碰撞壁形状的变化规律,将其划为七种典型的形状,测试并分析了碰撞壁形状交化对脉冲射流特性的影响规律,同时还将普通喷嘴与七种典型形状碰撞壁的脉冲喷嘴,在相同条件下进行了岩样冲蚀实脸.得到了很有意义的结论,这为评价脉冲喷嘴在现场的使用寿命,提供了可靠的依据。     

脉冲射流喷嘴机理及水力特性研究

在对新型射流机理探讨的基础上,研究了脉冲射流喷嘴的机理和水力能量关系,得出了计算式.结果表明,脉冲喷嘴的瞬时高频射流所获能量是低频射流的2.558倍,是连续射流的1.438倍. 还得出了脉冲射流喷嘴的水马力和冲击力的计算式.为脉冲射流喷嘴的应用及进一步研究,提供了理论依据.     

双核铜（I）配合物与二氧的反应性

两种Ｎ,Ｎ,Ｎ＇,Ｎ＇－四（２＇－苯并咪唑甲基）－１,４－二乙氨基乙二醚（ＥＧＴＢ）铜（Ｉ）双核配合物［Ｃｕ＿２（ＥＧＴＢ］Ｘ＿２（Ｘ＝Ｃｌ￣－ＢＦ￣－＿４）已合成．电子光谱和荧光发射谱表明它们可与分子氧结合,氧合－脱氧循环可重复多次;ＣＶ法测得配合物氧化还原电势,表明ＣＵ（Ⅱ）配合物（氧化型）有超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性,定性检测还表明氧化型有过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）性质,能分解Ｈ＿２Ｏ＿２放出Ｏ＿２气．首次发现和证明了同一配体不同氧化态配合物分别具有载氧、ＳＯＤ及ＣＡＴ活性．     

关于大系统的结构扰动与关联稳定(英文)

本文利用非矩阵的偏序和分块矩阵的度量,迭代收(?)等性质,通过孤立子系统的Cauchy矩阵与关联矩阵的积分估计来得到两类系统在关联结构扰动下.各种关联稳定性的代数判据,并且给出了系统的平衡状态在关联结构扰动下不变的吸收区域估计式。     

LS-5型铜、铝构件裂纹测深仪

铜、铝构件裂纹深度的精确测量,一直是无损检测的一项难题。本文作者在解决了钢类构件裂纹深度精确测量研究之后,根据铜、铝构件的特点,设计了低频交流恒电流源,并用数理统计和计算机技术求出了铜、铝构件裂纹深度刻度曲线的数学模型,应用该模型研制出的LS-5型裂纹深度测量仪,已于1985年4月在上海探伤机厂进行产品鉴定。认为填补国内空白。