伸展态β-乳球蛋白重折叠过程的动力学特性

从蛋白质变性的渐变模型及构象态渐变的观点出发 ,对伸展态 β -乳球蛋白的重折叠过程进行了分析 ,发现蛋白质分子从伸展态到最终折叠态历经一系列中间稳定态 .尿素浓度梯度电泳实验结果显示 ,存在两条不同的折叠途径 .在不同的尿素浓度范围内 ,蛋白质分子的折叠过程具有不同的动力学特性     

用Runge-Lenz矢量推导Rutherford散射公式

用轨道方程推导卢瑟福散射公式是比较复杂的,而本文用Runge-Lenz矢量推导这个公式却很简单。     

高炉氧煤枪煤粉浓度场的研究

利用于发的红外透射法粉体浓度计算机测定系统，在高炉氧煤喷吹气－固两相流动模拟装置上测定了氧枪的煤粉浓度场。结果表明，在直吹管内氧煤枪出口前端截面附近，煤粉浓度呈不对称分布状态。在射流流动方向所对应的半径一侧，煤粉浓度较大，但通过调节枪位可以改善这种状况。直吹管内气－固两相的掺混甚为剧烈，使得在氧煤枪出口前端轴向距离为２．５倍，直吹管直径的截面上气－固两相混合均匀。     

BOTTLENECKS IN PRODUCTION NETWORKS： AN OVERVIEW

1. Introduction Performances of a production system, such as the throughput, the circle time and the average delay, etc., are affected by the capacities of machines and resources available in the system. Some of them may affect the system performances more than others. Usually, the limitation of a system can be traced to the limitation of one or two machines or one or two kinds of resources, commonly called bottlenecks. From system point of view, bottlenecks are the congestion points of the sy…     

博弈树的聚合估值方法及其剪枝技术

提出了一种博弈树结点估值的新方法——聚合估值方法,并研究了聚合估值过程的剪枝技术.     

Types and biotic successions of Ordovician reefs in China

Ordovician reefs are located in the South China,Tarim,and North China blocks,in low-latitude epicontinental marine regions and mostly consist of large-scale carbonate platforms.During the Paleozoic,faunal radiation reef biota diverged and thrived in diverse paleogeographic settings.Algal reefs of the Early Ordovician,Calathium-lithistid sponge-algal reefs of the late Early Ordovician to early Middle Ordovician,and coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs of the early Late Ordovician,indicate change from Cambrian to Paleozoic biota.Coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs were the basic communities after 100 Ma.The macroevolution of biotic struc-tures generally shows increased complexity;the evolution of China’s reef biota parallels that worldwide.Important aspects are:(1) The Calathium-algal reefs from the early Tremadocian Nantzinkuan Formation,Zhangjiajie,western Hunan are the pioneer reefs,and the Darriwillian Yijianfang Formation,Bachu are the relic reefs.(2) The bryozoan-dominated reefs of the late Tremadocian Fenhsiang Formation,Middle Yangtze Platform are unique.(3) The early coral-stromatoporoid-algal reefs are highly restricted in China.(4) The algal reefs from the latest Katian on the western margin of the Yangtze Platform,represent an abnormal reef-building environment during the initial stages of Gondwanan glaciations.     

A novel method for solving the multiple traveling salesmen problem with multiple depots

Multi-traveling salesman problem(MTSP) is an extension of traveling salesman problem,which is a famous NP hard problem,and can be used to solve many real world problems,such as railway transportation,routing and pipeline laying.In this paper,we analyze the general properties of MTSP,and find that the multiple depots and closed paths in the graph is a big issue for MTSP.Thus,a novel method is presented to solve it.We transform a complicated graph into a simplified one firstly,then an effective algorithm is proposed to solve the MTSP based on the simplified results.In addition,we also propose a method to optimize the general results by using 2-OPT.Simulation results show that our method can find the global solution for MTSP efficiently.