处理频率对TC4钛合金微弧氧化膜特性的影响

利用自制多功能微弧氧化膜的制备系统对TC4钛合金进行表面处理, 通过扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究脉冲频率(f)对氧化膜生长特性、 表面形貌和相组成的影响. 结果表明, 当f≤2 000 Hz时, 成膜速率随f增加迅速减小; 当2 000 Hz＜f＜4 000 Hz时, 成膜速率随f增加而减小的趋势变缓; 当f≥4 000 Hz时, 成膜速率不随f发生变化. 该氧化膜表面多孔, 随f的增加, 膜表面微孔尺寸逐渐减少, 微孔密度逐渐增加. 膜层主要由锐钛矿和金红石相TiO2及少量不饱和氧化物TiO2-x（0.02＜x＜0.07）相组成, 其中锐钛矿和金红石相TiO₂的相对含量随f的变化不明显, 而TiO_2-x的相对含量当f≤2 000 Hz时较高, 当f＞2 000 Hz时, TiO_2-x的相含量明显减少.      

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30(PVP)微/纳米球的制备及其表征

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP, K30)为原料, 将其配制成一定浓度的溶液, 采用电纺丝方法制备了一系列电纺产物. 通过扫描电镜(SEM)对产物形态表征. 研究了纺丝过程中溶液浓度对纺丝产物形态的影响. 结果表明, 在相同溶剂及实验条件下, 溶液浓度的影响起决定性作用, 只有一个定值才能获得单一的微纳米球.     

2,4-D对香瓜种子萌发特性的影响

利用不同浓度的2,4-D处理香瓜种子,观察种子萌发时发芽率及根的生长状况.结果表明,2,4-D提高香瓜种子发芽率的浓度在10-4～10-2g/L范围内,高于10-2g/L则有明显抑制作用; 10-4～10-3g/L有促进侧根发生及对根明显增粗的作用,10-3g/L对根的增重有一定促进作用.     

简支多边形薄板振动问题的准格林函数方法

提出一种新的数值方法--准格林函数方法.以简支多边形薄板的振动问题为例,详细阐明了准格林函数方法的思想.即利用问题的基本解和边界方程构造一个准格林函数,这个函数满足了问题的齐次边界条件,采用格林公式将薄板振动问题的振形控制微分方程化为两个耦合的第二类Fredholm积分方程.边界方程有多种选择,在选定一种边界方程的基础上,可以通过建立一个新的边界方程来表示问题的边界,以克服积分核的奇异性;最后由积分方程的离散化方程组有非平凡解的条件,求得固有频率.数值算例表明,该方法具有较高的精度.     

一种基于约束边界模式的超分辨率图像重构算法

超分辨率图像重构是利用多帧低分辨率图像重构出一幅具有更高分辨率图像.一般的凸集投影算法在放大倍数上升时存在两个问题: 一是计算复杂性急剧上升, 二是边缘振荡效应的加剧导致成像质量迅速恶化.本文针对凸集投影算法, 提出了一种基于约束边界模式的算法.实验结果表明, 新算法能够在有效抑制边缘振荡效应的同时, 较大地提高了重构速度.     

MicroRNA Mirn140 modulates Pdgf signaling during palatogenesis

Disruption of signaling pathways such as those mediated by sonic hedgehog (Shh) or platelet-derived growth factor (Pdgf) causes craniofacial abnormalities, including cleft palate. The role that microRNAs play in modulating palatogenesis, however, is completely unknown. We show that, in zebrafish, the microRNA Mirn140 negatively regulates Pdgf signaling during palatal development, and we provide a mechanism for how disruption of Pdgf signaling causes palatal clefting. The pdgf receptor alpha (pdgfra) 3' UTR contained a Mirn140 binding site functioning in the negative regulation of Pdgfra protein levels in vivo. pdgfra mutants and Mirn140-injected embryos shared a range of facial defects, including clefting of the crest-derived cartilages that develop in the roof of the larval mouth. Concomitantly, the oral ectoderm beneath where these cartilages develop lost pitx2 and shha expression. Mirn140 modulated Pdgf-mediated attraction of cranial neural crest cells to the oral ectoderm, where crest-derived signals were necessary for oral ectodermal gene expression. Mirn140 loss of function elevated Pdgfra protein levels, altered palatal shape and caused neural crest cells to accumulate around the optic stalk, a source of the ligand Pdgfaa. These results suggest that the conserved regulatory interactions of mirn140 and pdgfra define an ancient mechanism of palatogenesis, and they provide candidate genes for cleft palate.     

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data and large-scale replication identifies additional susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified multiple loci at which common variants modestly but reproducibly influence risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Established associations to common and rare variants explain only a small proportion of the heritability of T2D. As previously published analyses had limited power to identify variants with modest effects, we carried out meta-analysis of three T2D GWA scans comprising 10,128 individuals of European descent and approximately 2.2 million SNPs (directly genotyped and imputed), followed by replication testing in an independent sample with an effective sample size of up to 53,975. We detected at least six previously unknown loci with robust evidence for association, including the JAZF1 (P = 5.0 x 10(-14)), CDC123-CAMK1D (P = 1.2 x 10(-10)), TSPAN8-LGR5 (P = 1.1 x 10(-9)), THADA (P = 1.1 x 10(-9)), ADAMTS9 (P = 1.2 x 10(-8)) and NOTCH2 (P = 4.1 x 10(-8)) gene regions. Our results illustrate the value of large discovery and follow-up samples for gaining further insights into the inherited basis of T2D.     

二阶自适应IIR陷波器复数算法的收敛性分析

针对背景噪声中复正弦信号的检测和估计问题,分析了自适应格型IIR陷波器的两种复数算法即梯度算法和简化的梯度算法的收敛性能,证明了输入白噪声方差的大小不影响收敛速度。并分析了由一阶自回归模型产生的有色噪声对算法的收敛性能的影响,为有色噪声中复正弦信号检测的自适应过程的参数的选取提供了理论依据。     

注塑机注射速度的模糊控制及其仿真

注射速度控制是注塑成型工艺里极其重要的一环。由于注塑过程的时变和非线性特点,注射速度控制成为较为复杂的一个课题。在一个螺杆往返式注塑机通用模型的基础上,给出了注塑机速度模糊控制系统的一般性设计方法:输入输出量定义域的选择,隶属度函数的形状,使用相位面分析设计知识库,前馈控制器的设计。通过仿真说明了该方法设计的控制系统能有效的跟踪快速变化的速度设定曲线,在模型参数发生变化时也能够得到良好的控制效果。     

作战仿真实体可视化数据模型研究

根据作战仿真系统的可视化需求,提出了作战仿真实体可视化数据模型的分类方法和层次体系结构,建立了可视化数据模型多分辨率规则。分析了可视化数据模型的建模过程和建模方法,确定了基于空间数据库和关系数据库相结合的可视化数据模型数据库存储管理机制。实现了模型的数据获取、建模、处理及应用全过程的可视化,为构建具有高逼真度的作战仿真系统提供了可视化数据模型支持。