旋转式扫描方法在光学相干层析成像系统的应用

提出了一种新的旋转式光程扫描方法,用于光学相干层析成像系统中参考臂端的轴向光程扫描．其中,利用光程控制盘来改变参考臂的光程,用猫眼逆反射器来实现参考臂端光束的精确回射,实现了5000r／min的快速扫描,并由实验数据得到了测量点的信号强度折线图．分析表明,信号强度的相对误差小于3％,与直线式扫描方式相比,旋转式扫描方法可以通过光学介质的旋转切换来实现不同光学光程的快速改变,实现光束的精确回射,具有扫描结构简单、易于控制、成本较低和精度较高的优点．     

论运动员过度训练的预防和消除

通过对运动训练中常见的“过度训练”的概念、症状、类型等问题的分析,从运动生理、心理及运动训练学角度研究过度训练产生的原因和机制,提出过度训练预防和消除的具体措施．     

光纤光栅封装耦合对应变传感增敏的实验研究

目的 研究光纤Bragg光栅与基底材料封装耦合对应变传感的增敏问题。方法 选用弹性模量小、耐180℃度高温且对温度敏感极小的有机聚合物材料,对裸光纤光栅进行封装,封装中采用特殊的偶连工艺,实现了封装材料与光纤光栅的牢固耦合并对两种外型尺寸的封装进行了研究对比。结果 封装后的光纤光栅对应变传感有增敏作用,FS光纤光栅取得了较高的应力灵敏度,与裸光纤光栅报道值比较增敏1174倍。结论 封装后的光纤光栅应力响应曲线具有良好的线性。通过对封装结构及尺寸优化,可以实现量程与灵敏度的最优组合。     

安塞油田长6油层组精细地层划分与对比

目的 在油田开发中、后期,为研究砂体展布、沉积微相、储层非均质性以及最终预测有利含油区块提供基础数据。方法 利用测井曲线和岩心资料,分析了研究区近200口探井长6油层组的岩、电特征,对安塞油田延长组长6油层组进行了精细划分与对比,并利用该成果分析了长6;q小层的沉积微相及砂体展布特点。结果 长6油层组自上而下划分为长61^1-1、长61^1-2、长61^1-3、长61^2长62和长63等6个不同级别的小层,各小层厚度不等;其中,长61^1-2小层砂体发育,属水下分流河道微相,为安塞油田延长组长6油层组的主力产层。结论 长6油层组精细地层划分与对比对油田开发具有重要意义。     

Analysis of components of conserved “backbone sequences”among genomes of Shigella spp. strains

Difference in the genomic compositions of prokaryotes is the basis of the diversity in their biological characters. However, besides their flora-or strain-specific genes,those floras with closer relationship in the evolution also have conserved “backbone sequences”, which reveal the marks of their origin and evolution, and these “backbone sequences”are just the basis of their elementary living abilities and common biological properties. Shigella is very closely related to E. coli in the origin and evolution, and may turn out to belong to the same genus. In this study, a microarray containing E. coli K-12 whole genome and Sf301 specific ORFs is used to investigate the genomic components of four Shigella strains. The results indicate that 16%-22% K-12 ORFs sequences are not detected in the genome of Shigella strains while the genome of Shigella contains at least 2800 conserved ORFs, which compose the common “backbone sequences”.Advanced analysis indicated that the “backbone sequences”are the essential components in maintaining the normal physiological activities of intestinal bacteria. Furthermore,only 20% Sf301-specific ORFs exist in other strains simultaneously, which demonstrate the great genome heterogeneity and the genetic diversity among the strains.     

一种基于需求景气分析和“幼稚预测”思想的需求预测模型

根据汽车生产企业和宾馆企业需求预测问题的基本特点,利用需求时间序列及其变化曲线,提出了一种基于需求景气分析和"幼稚"预测思想的定量预测模型,即首先划分产品的景气变化模式,然后寻找当前点状态的最佳历史匹配,并据此给出需求预测值.本文给出了模型的相关定义及算法,并以宾馆和汽车生产企业的实际需求数据为应用对象,检验了该模型的预测性能.试验结果表明,该方法具有较理想的预测精度.     

Lymphatic reprogramming of blood vascular endothelium by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Kaposi sarcoma is considered a neoplasm of lymphatic endothelium infected with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. It is characterized by the expression of lymphatic lineage-specific genes by Kaposi sarcoma tumor cells. Here we show that infection of differentiated blood vascular endothelial cells with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus leads to their lymphatic reprogramming; induction of approximately 70% of the main lymphatic lineage-specific genes, including PROX1, a master regulator of lymphatic development; and downregulation of blood vascular genes.     

Meteoric smoke fallout over the Holocene epoch revealed by iridium and platinum in Greenland ice

An iridium anomaly at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary layer has been attributed to an extraterrestrial body that struck the Earth some 65 million years ago. It has been suggested that, during this event, the carrier of iridium was probably a micrometre-sized silicate-enclosed aggregate or the nanophase material of the vaporized impactor. But the fate of platinum-group elements (such as iridium) that regularly enter the atmosphere via ablating meteoroids remains largely unknown. Here we report a record of iridium and platinum fluxes on a climatic-cycle timescale, back to 128,000 years ago, from a Greenland ice core. We find that unexpectedly constant fallout of extraterrestrial matter to Greenland occurred during the Holocene, whereas a greatly enhanced input of terrestrial iridium and platinum masked the cosmic flux in the dust-laden atmosphere of the last glacial age. We suggest that nanometre-sized meteoric smoke particles, formed from the recondensation of ablated meteoroids in the atmosphere at altitudes >70 kilometres, are transported into the winter polar vortices by the mesospheric meridional circulation and are preferentially deposited in the polar ice caps. This implies an average global fallout of 14 +/- 5 kilotons per year of meteoric smoke during the Holocene.     

传统学术研究方法的近代转型--兼及严复对传统学术研究方法近代转型的贡献

19～20世纪之交,中国传统学术研究方法面临着极大挑战;当时的思想家表现出了较积极的态度：吸纳西学方法并推动了中国学术研究方法的近代转型;传统学术研究方法的近代转型主要表现在：研究内容由“虚”到“实”的转变、研究程序由臆测到实证的转变、研究品格由依附到独立的转变等。严复在这一重大学术事件中扮演了重要角色。     

Activation of proteinkinase ERK mediates induction of macrophage MMP-12 by OxLDL

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on the expression of maerophage matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), and the possible mechanisms. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was detected by Western blot analysis.Enzymatic activity of MMP-12 was determined by β-casein zymography. RT-PCR analysis was used to measure the mRNA expression level of MMP-12. OxLDL-stimulated macrophages produced increased casein-degrading activities and oxLDL also significantly increased the mRNA level of MMP-12 in a dose-dependent manner.OxLDL stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in macrophages. The use of the specific inhibitor indicated that the ERK1/2 signaling pathway was required for the induction of MMP-12.These data demonstrated that oxLDL induced MMP-12 expression in macrophages through an ERK1/2-dependent pathway.