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151.
Zusammenfassung Etwa 40% von 100 Zellen vom visuellen Kortex des BeuteltieresDidelphis virginiana konnten entweder von der rechten oder linken Retina gereizt werden. In der Regel war eine Retina dominant. Areale Summation innerhalb und zwischen den monokulären Feldern war vorhanden, obschon gegenseitige Hemmung innerhalb eines rezeptiven Feldes nicht beobachtet wurde. 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Nach Formalininjektion zeigen mit getrockneter Schilddrüse gefütterte Ratten eine Abweichung der peripheren Leukocytenreaktion. Bei so behandelten Ratten mit Schilddrüsenhypofunktion ist die Vermehrung der Neutrophilen, die Lymphocytose und die Eosinophilie gehemmt. Auch die histologische Kontrolle ergab eine Hemmung der transitorischen Aktivitätssteigerung des lymphoretikulären Milzgewebes. 相似文献
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As lithospheric plates are subducted, rocks are metamorphosed under high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure conditions to produce eclogites and eclogite facies metamorphic rocks. Because chemical equilibrium is rarely fully achieved, eclogites may preserve in their distinctive mineral assemblages and textures a record of the pressures, temperatures and deformation the rock was subjected to during subduction and subsequent exhumation. Radioactive parent-daughter isotopic variations within minerals reveal the timing of these events. Here we present in situ zircon U/Pb ion microprobe data that dates the timing of eclogite facies metamorphism in eastern Papua New Guinea at 4.3 +/- 0.4 Myr ago, making this the youngest documented eclogite exposed at the Earth's surface. Eclogite exhumation from depths of approximately 75 km was extremely rapid and occurred at plate tectonic rates (cm yr(-1)). The eclogite was exhumed within a portion of the obliquely convergent Australian-Pacific plate boundary zone, in an extending region located west of the Woodlark basin sea floor spreading centre. Such rapid exhumation (> 1 cm yr(-1)) of high-pressure and, we infer, ultrahigh-pressure rocks is facilitated by extension within transient plate boundary zones associated with rapid oblique plate convergence. 相似文献
157.
Hill MT Dorren HJ De Vries T Leijtens XJ Den Besten JH Smalbrugge B Oei YS Binsma H Khoe GD Smit MK 《Nature》2004,432(7014):206-209
The increasing speed of fibre-optic-based telecommunications has focused attention on high-speed optical processing of digital information. Complex optical processing requires a high-density, high-speed, low-power optical memory that can be integrated with planar semiconductor technology for buffering of decisions and telecommunication data. Recently, ring lasers with extremely small size and low operating power have been made, and we demonstrate here a memory element constructed by interconnecting these microscopic lasers. Our device occupies an area of 18 x 40 microm2 on an InP/InGaAsP photonic integrated circuit, and switches within 20 ps with 5.5 fJ optical switching energy. Simulations show that the element has the potential for much smaller dimensions and switching times. Large numbers of such memory elements can be densely integrated and interconnected on a photonic integrated circuit: fast digital optical information processing systems employing large-scale integration should now be viable. 相似文献
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Tagliaferri G Goad M Chincarini G Moretti A Campana S Burrows DN Perri M Barthelmy SD Gehrels N Krimm H Sakamoto T Kumar P Mészáros PI Kobayashi S Zhang B Angelini L Banat P Beardmore AP Capalbi M Covino S Cusumano G Giommi P Godet O Hill JE Kennea JA Mangano V Morris DC Nousek JA O'Brien PT Osborne JP Pagani C Page KL Romano P Stella L Wells A 《Nature》2005,436(7053):985-988
'Long' gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are commonly accepted to originate in the explosion of particularly massive stars, which give rise to highly relativistic jets. Inhomogeneities in the expanding flow result in internal shock waves that are believed to produce the gamma-rays we see. As the jet travels further outward into the surrounding circumstellar medium, 'external' shocks create the afterglow emission seen in the X-ray, optical and radio bands. Here we report observations of the early phases of the X-ray emission of five GRBs. Their X-ray light curves are characterised by a surprisingly rapid fall-off for the first few hundred seconds, followed by a less rapid decline lasting several hours. This steep decline, together with detailed spectral properties of two particular bursts, shows that violent shock interactions take place in the early jet outflows. 相似文献
160.
The timescale for the accretion of bodies in the disk surrounding a young star depends upon a number of assumptions, but there are few observational constraints. In our own Solar System, measurements of meteoritic components can provide information about the inner regions of the nebula, but not the outer parts. Observations of the evolution of more massive protostellar systems (Herbig Ae/Be stars) imply that significant changes occur in the physical properties of their dust with time. The simplest explanation is that thermal annealing of the original, amorphous grains in the hot inner nebula slowly increases the fractional abundance of crystalline material over time. Crystalline dust is then transported outward, where it is incorporated into comets that serve as a long-term reservoir for dust disks, such as that surrounding Beta Pictoris. Here we show that when applied to our own Solar System, this process can explain observed variations in both the volatile and dusty components of comets, while also providing a natural indicator of a comet's mean formation age. Studies of comets with different dust contents can therefore be used to investigate the timescales of the early Solar System. 相似文献