应用负载观测器改善连轧机抗扰性能的研究

本文介绍负载观测器对于改善直流速度控制系统抗扰动态特性的基本理论,提供了它在连轧机生产应用中的成功实例,认为负载观测器值得大力推广。     

显微像面全息散斑照相分离术及其应用

提出了用显微像面全息散斑照相分离术测量裂纹尖端三维位移场的新技术，该方法用两张全息干板分别放置于两个分离的像面上同时记录像面全息和散斑图．由于记录散斑图的底片不受参考光的影响，因此可以获得高对比度的散斑杨氏条纹图，这为条纹图的自动分析处理奠定了基础．把此方法与放大技术相结合，测试了裂纹尖端约２ｍｍ２范围内的弹塑性三维位移场及塑性区．     

Z-80单板机在棉束检测中的应用

分梳过程中棉束的大小和数量,能够反映出梳棉过程的品质、各工作部件的状态以及各种技术措施的效果。本文对检测梳棉过程的棉束提出一种新的方法。采用微处理器监测系统处理信号。锡林上的棉层经传感器检测其变化,信号经过放大送入微处理机,再经A/D转换器将模拟信号转成数字量。该信号再由一专用程序分辨出棉束,按棉束的大小分成若干组,再分别计数并显示或打印。本系统的性能优越,为分梳理论研究及附加分梳件的性能测定提供了一种有效的方法。     

过氧化氢在酸,碱性介质中氧化,还原性差异的原因

本文从 H_O_2的电极反应的氧化反应和还原反应半反应入手,结合热办学原理和偶合反应原理,运用自由能变与电极电势的关系从理论上解释了 H_2O_2在酸碱性介质中氧化还原性存在极大差异的原因.     

Perceiving distance accurately by a directional process of integrating ground information

By itself, the absolute distance of an object cannot be accurately judged beyond 2-3 m (refs 1-3). Yet, when it is viewed with reference to a flat terrain, humans accurately judge the absolute distance of the object up to 20 m, an ability that is important for various actions. Here we provide evidence that this is accomplished by integrating local patches of ground information into a global surface reference frame. We first show that restricting an observer's visual field of view to the local ground area around the target leads to distance underestimation, indicating that a relatively wide expanse of the ground surface is required for accurate distance judgement. Second, as proof of surface integration, we show that even with the restricted view, the observer can accurately judge absolute distance by scanning local patches of the ground surface, bit by bit, from near to far, but not in the reverse direction. This finding also reveals that the surface integration process uses the near-ground-surface information as a foundation for surface representation, and extrapolation to the far ground surface around the target for accurate absolute distance computation.     

Miniaturized volume holographic optical data storage and correlation system with a storage density of 10 Gb／cm^3

The general idea of holographic optical data storage (HODS) is briefly introduced. Based on the recent advances of HODS, the key techniques and the challenges of HODS are discussed. Some new techniques are proposed to improve the system. A miniaturized volume holographic data storage and correlation system is presented. It can achieve a density of 10 Gb/cm^3 and a fast correlation recognition rate of more than 2000 images per second. It shows the attracting potential advantages over other conventional storage methods in the information storage as well as information processing.     

Progress in the synthesis and reactivity studies of metallabenzenes

Metallabenzenes are metallacyclohexatriene complexes that are derived by replacement of one of the CH groups in benzene with a transition-metal fragment. Their synthesis and aromatic properties have recently attracted considerable attention. This paper summarizes the progress in the synthesis, aromatic property, and reactivity studies of metallabenzenes. We will describe the synthesis and reactivity of typical metallabenzenes with various metals (e.g. osmium, iridium, and ruthenium, etc.), the synthesis and structure of a recent reported example of metallanaphthalene and several rare examples of novel and stable metallabenzynes. Finally, the possible future developments in this field have also been suggested.     

BMP signaling inhibits intestinal stem cell self-renewal through suppression of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling

In humans, mutations in BMPR1A, SMAD4 and PTEN are responsible for juvenile polyposis syndrome, juvenile intestinal polyposis and Cowden disease, respectively. The development of polyposis is a common feature of these diseases, suggesting that there is an association between BMP and PTEN pathways. The mechanistic link between BMP and PTEN pathways and the related etiology of juvenile polyposis is unresolved. Here we show that conditional inactivation of Bmpr1a in mice disturbs homeostasis of intestinal epithelial regeneration with an expansion of the stem and progenitor cell populations, eventually leading to intestinal polyposis resembling human juvenile polyposis syndrome. We show that BMP signaling suppresses Wnt signaling to ensure a balanced control of stem cell self-renewal. Mechanistically, PTEN, through phosphatidylinosital-3 kinase-Akt, mediates the convergence of the BMP and Wnt pathways on control of beta-catenin. Thus, BMP signaling may control the duplication of intestinal stem cells, thereby preventing crypt fission and the subsequent increase in crypt number.     

Activation of proteinkinase ERK mediates induction of macrophage MMP-12 by OxLDL

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on the expression of maerophage matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), and the possible mechanisms. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was detected by Western blot analysis.Enzymatic activity of MMP-12 was determined by β-casein zymography. RT-PCR analysis was used to measure the mRNA expression level of MMP-12. OxLDL-stimulated macrophages produced increased casein-degrading activities and oxLDL also significantly increased the mRNA level of MMP-12 in a dose-dependent manner.OxLDL stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in macrophages. The use of the specific inhibitor indicated that the ERK1/2 signaling pathway was required for the induction of MMP-12.These data demonstrated that oxLDL induced MMP-12 expression in macrophages through an ERK1/2-dependent pathway.